Perfil da distribuição da contracepção de emergência para adolescentes em municípios do Estado de São Paulo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.20058Palavras-chave:
gestão em saúde, planejamento familiar, anticoncepção, adolescente, anticoncepcionais hormonais pós-coito, contracepção de emergênciaResumo
Descreve-se a postura adotada por municípios do estado de São Paulo que receberam lotes de contracepção de emergência do Ministério da Saúde em 2005 e 2006, com relação à entrega para adolescentes. Utilizando levantamento quantitativo, realizado com questionários semi-estruturados enviados por e-mail às secretarias municipais de saúde, foram examinados: fluxos, serviços e profissionais de saúde envolvidos e critérios de dispensa. Do total, 91,0% responderam à pesquisa, demonstrando que 85,4% iniciaram a oferta do método para adolescentes menores de 18 anos, principalmente em prontos socorros (69,1%). Em unidades básicas tradicionais e de saúde da família houve menor integração, 65,3% e 37,6%, respectivamente, e em serviços especiais de atenção a adolescentes, apenas 31,9% municípios ofertam (percentagens não excludentes). A entrega, geralmente, é feita por médicos e/ou enfermeiros, porém 30% sub-utiliza o potencial da enfermagem. Atende-se, fundamentalmente, os casos de violência sexual e, excluído-se esse evento, há queda de 10 a 30 pontos percentuais no fornecimento em casos de falha ou não uso de contraceptivo regular. Conclui-se que há seletividade na dispensa método, baixa oferta na Atenção Básica, não facilitando acesso de adolescentes nas situações de risco gravídico mais recorrentes em seu cotidiano, contrariando orientações do Ministério da Saúde. Essa postura está ligada à falta de atualização sobre legislações e normas federais vigentes quanto à Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva deste público, pelo desconhecimento do mecanismo de ação do método (por vezes, identificado como perigoso ou abortivo) e por preconceitos quanto à prática sexual adolescente, provocando a aquisição em farmácias e usos errôneos.Downloads
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