Illegal drugs and the traffic: a problem rarely discussed in Brazil

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Driving is a complex task in which the driver receives, analyzes and reacts to information continuously. Substances that influence brain functions and/or mental processes involved in driving will certainly affect the drivers performance. Psychomotor alterations caused by illegal drugs have received growing attention in recent years as a possible threat to roadway safety. Research has shown the presence of psychoactive drugs in drivers who were killed or injured in driving accidents, and experimental studies have shown impairment in the performance of individuals under the influence of drugs. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to present data on the problem of drug abuse by drivers, the current Brazilian legislation on driving and drug abuse, and what possible measures might be adopted in order to reduce drug-related driving accidents. METHODS: The method applied was a literature review of the last fifteen years of publications. RESULTS: The most relevant publications indicate clear evidence of impairment in driving skills under the influence of psychotropic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: All psychotropic drugs cause impairment in psychomotor functions and as such, a higher risk of involvement in driving accidents, which makes specific legislation dealing with this issue necessary.