Estudantes do ensino superior e sensibilidade intercultural: contributos da geração ERASMUS para a psicologia e comunicação intercultural
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2595-2536.v36i2p50-73Palavras-chave:
Estudantes do Ensino Superior, Geração Erasmus, Sensibilidade Intercultural, Comunicação InterculturalResumo
A interação com indivíduos de outras culturas pode contribuir para a mudança de atitudes etnocêntricas, e o contacto entre grupos pode fortalecer as relações intergrupais. Ambos podem favorecer também o desenvolvimento da sensibilidade intercultural, que se refere à dimensão afetiva da competência de comunicação intercultural. A investigação levada a cabo no presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o nível de sensibilidade intercultural em estudantes do ensino superior português e conhecer eventuais variáveis moderadoras do desenvolvimento da sensibilidade intercultural. Para este efeito, realizou-se um estudo exploratório e quantitativo com uma amostra de 97 estudantes do ensino superior. Os resultados evidenciaram níveis de sensibilidade intercultural médio-altos. Esta pesquisa corrobora a presença das variáveis em estudo, nomeadamente as relativas à participação em Erasmus, ao contacto prévio com diferentes países e culturas, ao género, ao grau académico, à educação cultural e à intencionalidade da exposição a outros países e culturas. Os resultados do estudo empírico reforçam as perspectivas teórico-conceptuais, isto é, que a sensibilidade intercultural é um elemento básico de demonstração de interesse, empatia, respeito e motivação pelo outro culturalmente distinto e que os contactos e interações, mesmo que indiretos, com outras culturas podem também ser palcos para uma comunicação intercultural eficaz e exercer uma influência positiva na experiência intercultural dos estudantes.
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