Cadernos de Língua e Literatura Hebraica
A revista Cadernos de Língua e Literatura Hebraica, destinada à comunidade científica, tem como objetivo incluir todos os elementos que constituem o vasto arco dos estudos acadêmicos judaicos e hebraicos, desde a sua origem, que passa pela Antiguidade no Oriente Médio, até as mais recônditas diásporas judaicas do mundo contemporâneo. São contempladas as áreas de estudos literários e lingüísticos, história, filosofia, sociologia, antropologia, estudos religiosos, estudos do antissemitismo e crítica de arte.
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos: Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution BY-NC-SA, que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista; Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado.
Apresentação do Dicionário hebraico-português de Rivka Berezin e comentários sobre o seu uso.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nancy Rozenchan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The ancient religion of Israel: the roé (רָאָה), the jozé (חֹזֶה) and the nabí (נָבִיא)
This works seeks to clarify a better clarification of aspects of the ancient religion of Israel that were progressively delegitimazed over the centuries, until their final delegitimization with the establishment of priestly codex in exilic and post-exilic times. We present three figures: the roe, the joz and the nabie, who are not always clearly distinguished from each other. We locate their functions, religious meaning and how they display a religiosity in terms of ritual staging, magic words and specific ways of inovking divinity. Although in soime aspects we can find traits share with Canaanite and Mediterranean religions, we do not rule out the possibility that there are original aspects specific to the ancient religion of Israel. The figure of the nabies is also presented from the 8th century BCE and the significance of its innovations in religious matters.
Copyright (c) 2025 ALEJANDRO KLEIN https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Alternation of identities in Israeli literature: Ashkenazi and Orientals
"Ashkenazi," as a term referring to the majority of Jews who came to Israel from Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries, denotes, in the present context, the desire of members of the "Eastern" Israeli Jewish group (Mizrachi/Sephardic Jews) – in the 1960s – to label the other group in the country for the purpose of criticism and disapproval, and to blame them for their deprivations and the discrimination they suffered. Ashkenazi and Eastern Jews in Israel are two cohesive and distinct entities, and their mutual relationship is experienced as that of two different ethnicities. This article will address how literature deals with the alternation of identities within the ethnic group labeled as inferior, which strives to present itself as belonging to the hegemonic group in order to avoid stigmatized identities and take advantage of the opportunities and privileges reserved for them. Becoming Ashkenazi is an identity performance that Eastern Jews assumed as a way of responding to the national discourse of assimilation, the demands of the melting pot policy, and the liberal claim of guaranteed equality of similarity and uniformity. However, the transition between identities points to ambivalent and deceptive characteristics: they are a consequence of subversion and resistance and a sequela of the cancellation of the ethnic self. This condition of cancellation caused a rebound effect, and the annulment of the old identity came to be seen as unacceptable, resulting in a painful deconstruction of Ashkenaziness and its rejection. The theme will be addressed in the novels Molcho, by A. B. Yehoshua (1987) and Amzaleg (2019), by Yossi Sucary.
Jewish roots and ritual continuity: Sabbath-keeping and the iconography of the Decalogue among gentile Christians (1ST–6TH CENTURIES CE)
This article offers a critical analysis of the “parting of the ways” historiographical paradigm, which posits a swift and definitive rupture between Judaism and Christianity. In opposition to this narrative, the study adopts the concept of a “porous zone,” arguing that identity distinction and group boundaries were, in fact, ambiguous, fluid, and geographically variable throughout Late Antiquity (1st-6th centuries CE). The objective is to investigate the persistence of Jewish heritage in Gentile Christian communities, specifically manifested in Sabbath-keeping and the iconographic patterns of the Decalogue. The hypothesis is that the persistence of these practices, coupled with the appropriation of Jewish themes in monumental art, indicates that the total separation was a chronologically extended phenomenon and an imposition by the ecclesiastical hierarchy, rather than a spontaneous rupture. The research employs an interdisciplinary methodology, triangulating Patristic Literature, conciliar records, and archaeological evidence to trace markers of continuity. The results aim to contribute to Historical Theology and the Archaeology of Religion by reassessing the origin of Christianity as a transformation of its Jewish matrix, which provides a basis for inter-religious dialogue and counters supersessionist and antisemitic narratives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marcos Peter Teixeira Soares https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Hannah Arendt in "We, Refugees": migration, silence, and identity in motion
This article aims to analyze how Jewish identity is strained in Hannah Arendt's essay “We, Refugees”, observing how the author exposes the process of social and linguistic erasure experienced by Jews in forced displacement. To develop this analysis, we articulate three theoretical frameworks: dialogism and the discursive constitution of the subject in Mikhail Bakhtin; Stuart Hall's post-structuralist critique of the essentialist model of identity; and Zygmunt Bauman's notion of liquid identities, marked by instability and contemporary mobility. We argue that the Jewish condition described by Arendt reveals a conceptual inflection point: identity ceases to be treated as essence and begins to be understood as movement, crossing, and discursive dispute. We conclude that migration, language, and silencing not only deconstruct hegemonic identities but also inaugurate new modes of enunciation for displaced and plural subjects.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Lúcia Guilherme https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The purpose of this paper is to introduce Dorit Rabinyan, an Israeli writer whose family immigrated from Iran, a highly active author – and little known in Brazil – through a reading of her first novel, Persian Brides, published in 1995. In this novel Rabinyan focuses on Jewish life in what was then Persia, still under the rule of the Shahs, before the so-called “Islamic Revolution” of 1979. Rabinyan singles out as the novel’s main characters women from the same family, living in the Jewish community of Omerijan, a fictional village in the interior of the country. Metonymically, these women symbolize the female condition in that community, and the novel, by extension, exposes the community’s way of life, in terms that are not always favorable. The narrative focuses particularly on current marital relations and the roles reserved for men and women, employing strong language that often borders on vulgarity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Saul Kirschbaum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Beyond borders: translation, cosmopolitanism, and humanism in Stefan Zweig
This article investigates the relevance of Stefan Zweig's translation activity, traditionally relegated to the background by literary criticism, reinterpreting it as the central core of his cosmopolitanism, humanism, and pacifism. It is argued that Zweig's practice, far from being a mere technical exercise, constitutes a coherent project that elevates literature to a space of mediation and reconciliation. To this end, the study illuminates Zweig’s intellectual trajectory through the lens of the concept of universal literary citizenship, intuited from his own writings and translational practice, as an expression of his ethical stance toward nationalisms. This is manifested on several fronts, for example: in the dissemination of authors such as Verhaeren and the alliance with Romain Rolland, seeking conciliation between peoples; in the translation of poetry by Baudelaire and Verlaine as a gesture of symbolic welcoming; in biographies such as that of Erasmus of Rotterdam, viewed as the paradigm of the supranational intellectual, and that of Marie Antoinette, used as an existential translation of his own crisis; and in the essay To My Friends Abroad as public resistance to belligerent nationalism, among other examples. Consequently, the analysis demonstrates that, by confronting the nation-state and totalitarianism through the written word, Zweig converted his literature, including translations, into a discursive trench, reaffirming his unconditional belief in supranational human fraternity. Ultimately, the article concludes that Zweig’s writing is a paradigm of lucidity, and his translational gesture remains an ethical invitation to listening and resistance in times of cultural ruin.
Copyright (c) 2025 Geovane Souza Melo Junior, Marina de Brito https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Hebrew-Portuguese dictionary by Rifka Berezin: a lexicographical and translation study
This article examines, from the perspective of bilingual lexicography, the structural features of Dicionário Hebraico-Português by Rifka Berezin (2003), and analyzes the translation strategies applied to eleven of the most frequent lexemes in the Biblia Hebraica. The study adopts a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical approach, drawing on categories such as macrostructure, microstructure, megastructure, and translation equivalence, as outlined by García (2006), Porto Dapena (2002), Welker (2004, 2006), Atkins and Rundell (2008), and Zavaglia (2012). The analysis of these eleven entries shows that the dictionary reflects a mature and insightful undertaking, shaped by semantic-functional and pedagogical principles. Its alphabetical macrostructure facilitates access for non-specialist readers, while its microstructure balances conciseness with multiple translation options and metalinguistic glosses that reveal sensitivity to cultural and confessional context. Although examples are limited and grammatical markings kept to a minimum, these choices reflect lexicographic economy. The dictionary thus plays a significant mediating role between Hebrew and Portuguese and could gain further relevance through contemporary lexicographic practices that enhance its didactic and translational functions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jair Ferreira da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2025 Moacir Amâncio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Jewish literary production in the Middle Ages
This article aims to describe and analyze the formation and consolidation of Hebrew-Spanish literature between the 10th and 15th centuries. It can be argued that this literature encompasses the composition of secular poems in Hebrew, the use of Arabic quantitative metrics, rhetorical and thematic ornamentation, and finally, grammatical and lexicographical studies—elements that together characterize the so-called pre-Golden Age of Jewish culture in medieval Spain. Following this, the article highlights the literary production of the classical period of Hebrew-Spanish poetry, referred to here as the Golden Age. It argues that the texts produced during this period by Jewish intellectuals were fundamental to medieval Jewish philosophy, incorporating central elements of Neoplatonism, traces of Aristotelianism, and aspects of Muslim mysticism into their theses. Finally, this work presents the striking characteristics of the post-classical period of Jewish literature in the Iberian Peninsula, showing that the poetic production of the period was linked to the standards of Arabic poetry and, on the other hand, saw the flourishing of innovations and changes, among which were the development of the mahbarah and narrative in rhymed prose, endowed with a heterogeneity of themes and forms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gerson Leite de Moraes, Leonardo Delatorre Leite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
From Table To Table: multiple representations of jewish cuisine in children’s and young adult literature.
This study aimed to catalog Portuguese-language children's and young adult literature available on PJ Library, an initiative by the Harold Grinspoon Foundation, that addresses aspects of intangible Jewish culture, with an emphasis on traditional cuisine. Eleven titles with Portuguese versions were identified. The analysis of the reviews provided on the platform revealed that, in addition to culinary and cultural elements, the books also explore themes related to ethics and morality, family bonds, and historical memory associated with food. These aspects contribute to the appreciation of Jewish cultural heritage among children and youth, promoting the transmission of values and traditions in a playful and affective way. Food is presented not only as a daily practice but also as a symbol of identity and belonging, connecting different generations through narratives that recover emotional and historical meanings of Jewish cuisine.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vitoria dos Santos Turquenitch https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Jonah's perplexity: an interdisciplinary analysis in the light of Philosophy, Psychoanalysis, and Historical Criticism
This article proposes an interdisciplinary analysis of the Book of Jonah, focusing on the prophet's perplexity as a theological and psychic problem. Using Maimonidean philosophy to illuminate the conflict between reason and the literal understanding of divine attributes, the study articulates the psychoanalysis of resentment (Kehl, Nietzsche, Freud) to diagnose Jonah's reaction as a "sad passion" and a deferred revenge. The analysis also critiques the projection of violence as the "justice of nations," contrasting it with God's universal mercy. It is argued that Jonah is not a mere disobedient prophet, but an archetype of the divided subject, whose existential crisis forces the reader into self-reflection on prejudice and compassion.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eduardo Neri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
In the Pomegranate Orchard: Cordovero, Kabbalah, and Jewish Mysticism in Pardês Rimonim
The translation of Pardes Rimonim by Moses Cordovero marks a milestone for Kabbalah studies in Portuguese. This work, originally written in the 16th century, is one of the most in depth and systematic treatises on Jewish mysticism, exploring focal kabbalistic concepts such as the Sefirot, Ein Sof, and the creation. The translation aims to preserve conceptual accuracy and literary beauty of the book, making this fundamental text accessible to scholars and enthusiasts of Kabbalistic thought.
Copyright (c) 2025 Saul Kirschbaum, Ms Maria Lucia Guilherme https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
At the home of the illustrious writer, Octave Mirbeau
This is a translation of the chronicle "Chez l'Illustre Écrivain" by Octave Mirbeau (1848-1917), published on 28 November 1897 in Le Journal. The text marks Mirbeau's involvement in the fight to review the trial of French officer Alfred Dreyfus, unjustly convicted in France of the crime of high treason. A journalist, pamphleteer, art critic, novelist and playwright, one of the most interesting and original figures in French literature of the Belle Époque, Mirbeau joined Émile Zola and other writers of the period in the battle to correct one of France's greatest miscarriages of justice. He was part of the group called the Dreyfusards, who, following the publication of Émile Zola's letter to the President of the Republic Félix Faure in the newspaper L'Aurore on 13 January 1898, also became known as the 'intellectuals'.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Inês Canedo Arigoni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The fear of the Lord and the order of the world: infinite and finite in the proverbs of Solomon
One of the central challenges in understanding the biblical book of Proverbs—an issue that has sparked divergent interpretations in modern scholarship—concerns how the Hebrew sages conceived the relationship between the God of Israel and the seemingly automatic outcomes of reward and punishment according to human behavior, a facet of the moral order of the world in the sapiential doctrine famously termed the "act-consequence nexus" by one interpreter. The question is also closely tied to the proper understanding of the book’s most iconic refrain: “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.” In this study, we propose a philosophical and hermeneutic model based on the philosophy of the English theologian Austin Farrer, which, in our view, provides a more effective and insightful explanation to the source than those offered by traditional approaches.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vitor Ericeira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sexual violence and denial of motherhood in Sherri Szeman’s “The Kommandant’s Mistress”
The aim of this paper is to analyze the novel The Kommandant’s Mistress, by Sherri Szeman. Through the eyes of the protagonist, Rachel, a survivor of the horrors of the Holocaust, experiences of Jewish women are put in perspective. Holocaust Gendered studies, founded by Professor Joan Ringelheim in the 1980s, have been surrounded by controversy, whether by the taboo subjects such as rape, abortion, sexual violence, sexual bartering, or by the male-dominated academic point of view. The article discusses the main character’s survival and coping mechanisms, the objectification of female bodies by SS officers, and the psychological impacts of the suffering, such as infertility and denial of motherhood. It also seeks to challenge historical silences and give voice to women’s experiences during the genocide perpetrated by the Nazis and their collaborators.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rebeca Serrano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Eva Schloss in two autobiographies ─ resistance, diaspora and testimony
This study aims to analyze two books by Eva Schloss, Eva’s story, from 1988, and After Auschwitz, from 2013, both memoirs about the Second World War, categorized in the autobiographical genre, in which the author revisits her memories of the horrors of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camps. The main theoretical foundations of this proposal are texts that privilege the writing of self and the testimony, especially traumatic autobiographical memories. The concept of resistance is also considered as a theme in the writer's narratives, as well as diaspora. In this sense, propositions by Philippe Lejeune, Michel Foucault, Alfredo Bosi, Jaime Ginzburg, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, González among others, are used as references.
Copyright (c) 2025 Joyce Rodrigues Silva Gonçalves https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Treblinka II through the written, artistic, and oral testimonies of seven Jewish prisoners
Of the three Aktion Reinhardt camps (Bełżec, Sobibór, and Treblinka II), Treblinka II is the extermination camp in which the most Jewish victims (men, women, and children) were murdered: 900,000. The harrowing and heartbreaking testimonies of the few Jewish prisoners who managed to escape are an invaluable source for Holocaust research. In this paper, I present the three Aktion Reinhardt camps (highlighting the high number of Jewish victims and the low number of survivors), I make a clear distinction between Treblinka II (extermination camp) and Treblinka I (labour camp), while describing the three ‘sections’ of Treblinka II (reception area, camp 1, and camp 2 –Totenlager). I rely on the historiography of Treblinka and, above all, on the written, artistic, and oral testimonies of seven Jewish prisoners who were forced to work in Treblinka II (Jakub Krzepicki, Eliahu Rozenberg, Richard Glazar, Abraham Leib Bomba, Chil Rajchman, Kalman Teigman, and Samuel Willenberg). Moreover, I discuss the problems that we may encounter when using the testimonies of victims and survivors, arguing that these testimonies are a priceless and an invaluable source for both Treblinka and Holocaust research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Antonia Tejeda Barros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Between fantasy and reality: Guedali’s conflicts in “The Centaur in the Garden”
This work discusses the theme of fantasy and reality from Guedali's conflicts in "The Centaur in the Garden", by Moacyr Scliar. To do this, it carries out a detailed analysis of the protagonist's Bovarian characteristics, focusing on his notorious romantic dissatisfaction, evidenced through his fantasists’ desires and disconnected from reality. The theoretical approach adopted is based on Lacan's concept of "Object a", which is related to the character's Bovarian condition, as he incessantly seeks something that cannot be achieved. Passages of the text are examined to exemplify these desires and connect the analysis to the Lacanian framework, highlighting the protagonist's intrinsic duality. In addition to the novelistic dissatisfaction, the study also explores Guedali's inability to adopt a critical perspective. This is evidenced in their emotional and identity dilemmas throughout the narrative. The analysis not only describes these dilemmas, but also situates them within the broader context of the work, in view of Scliar's characteristic humor and his Jewish cultural roots. In the end, the study seeks to offer a deep interpretation of the themes covered, exploring the interconnections between fantasy and reality in Scliar's narrative. This provides a more complete understanding of the protagonist's conflicts and the way these issues are woven into the novel's plot.
Copyright (c) 2025 FRANCIELLE MANINI, Wellington Stefaniu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2024 Moacir Amâncio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Modernity, messianism and assimilation in Albert Cohen’s Solal
This article discusses the novel Solal by the French-language Jewish writer Albert Cohen in the light of its protagonist's journey from the insular Jewish community of Cephalonia in Greece to France, where he struggles to integrate into the modernity that has fascinated him since childhood. In the eyes of this protagonist, Western modernity takes on the shape of a kind of new Messiah, according to a belief that was widespread among Jews in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Solal's journey thus becomes emblematic of the fate of an entire generation and its outcome points to the tragic nature of this endeavor, making the novel a refutation of the Western European genre of the Bildungsroman.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luis Sergio Krausz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Primo Levi: testimony, atrocity (unpacking Auschwitz), moral conscience and the victims' memory
ABSTRACT: Primo Levi was a Jewish Italian chemist and writer who survived Auschwitz III (Monowitz) and left his testimony in Se questo è un uomo (1947), La tregua (1963), Il sistema periodico (1975), I sommersi e i salvati and other writings and interviews. Levi's voice is the voice of moral conscience, testimony of atrocity and memory of the victims (a voice that speaks of deportation, injustice, collapse and destruction). In the present paper, I trace a short biographical journey within the framework of the Holocaust (emphasizing that Levi did not commit suicide), I break down the gigantic Auschwitz complex (its three main camps and its 44/45 subcamps) (whose reality is often mixed and confused), differentiating, for the sake of clarity, the extermination camps (Vernichtungstlager, VL –also, Totenlager) from the concentration camps (Konzentrationslager, KZ), I describe Levi's testimony as memory and moral conscience, I examine his concept of survival and dignity, and I analyze Levi's theses about the absence of God in Monowitz and the meaninglessness of the victims' suffering in the KZ.
extermination camp (Vernichtungstlager, VL, Totenlager)
concentration camp (Konzentrationslager, KZ)
Copyright (c) 2024 Antonia Tejeda Barros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The metaphorical crossings in campestral figures in Yirmiyahu 50: lions, fields, and flocks
This article analyses the characterisations of the character of Babel and of YHWH in the discourse of Yirmiyahu 50 through peasant metaphors that overlap and cross each other in complex images. Starting from a theoretical discussion on the literary, linguistic and argumentative role of metaphors, we have taken three texts as a corpus of analysis (Yirmiyahu 50:6-7, 17-20 and 44), from which they will be translated and commented on. The main contribution is the dynamic use and reuse of imagery from the pastoral world in the symbolic valuations of life, vengeance, justice and salvation in a context of poetic instruments in this text of classical Hebrew literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel D. Gruber https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2024 Cadernos de Língua e Literatura Hebraica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Hugo Almeida’s recently released book catches the reader’s attention in several aspects: on the one hand, it breaks down genre barriers, merging fiction with chronicle, art criticism and reflection on recent historical events; on the other hands, it breaks with the postulate of the novelistic plot: the narrative describes the protagonist’s relationship with several women – wives, lovers, friends , but it does not exactly have a plot: each relationship would serve as the basis for a separate novel; in several passages, the book is self-referential, that is, it refers to itself; in yet another dimension, the author constructs a protagonist who was a literature professor, which allows him to comment on important authors and their works; finally, it reflects on the human condition in the face of tragic historical events, such as the military dictatorship imposed on Brazil between 1964 and 1985 and, mainly, the Nazi occupation of Poland and the genocide of the Jews during the Second World War.
The feminine, the instrumentalization of evil and the monarchist thesis in Sefer Shoftim (Book of Judges)
The issue of the feminine, as well as the concept of evil, unfolds widely throughout the Sefer Shoftim (book of Judges) – a prosaic biblical book that records the transition from a “family nation” to a strong monarchical state. Acsa emerges as a paradigm for the other female characters to come, who are inserted in a constant social tension demarcated by patriarchy confronted with female freedom and emancipation. From the work's records, the theme of evil appears in two related categories, used for political interest. The present study seeks to understand and explore the use of these concepts in the book of Judges (with special attention to the final part of the work), presenting the paths of a process of instrumentalization of evil that is practiced there through the use of a woman's story.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eliathan Carvalho Leite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Resilience in Remembrance: Proposal for a Pedagogical Framework for Teaching the Holocaust Through Survivor Biographies
The document discusses the use of Holocaust survivors' biographies as teaching material, emphasizing the extraordinary resilience and courage of the survivors. It highlights the importance of teaching the Holocaust to young Brazilians, aiming to promote tolerance, respect for diversity, and human rights. The analysis of the selected biographies revealed the profound and impactful narratives of the survivors, providing valuable insights into the human dimension of the tragedy. The research also evaluates the effectiveness of the teaching material in promoting students' understanding and emotional connection with the Holocaust. Furthermore, it emphasizes the role of these biographies in humanizing the Holocaust, promoting empathy, and preserving the memory of the events. The study aims to provide educators with comprehensive and effective tools to address this sensitive and impactful topic in the classroom.
Copyright (c) 2025 João Paulo Vani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Faith as a construction of meaning in the Book of Psalms: a lexicographical analysis of the words Emunah and Bitachon
The purpose of this article is to analyze the words Emunah and Bitachon in Psalms 119, 71 and 37, in the Hebrew language, in order to understand their effects of meaning, which are also highlighted in the Portuguese text. The aim is also to trace the relations of meaning generated by these words within the Hebrew text and, for this purpose, the above psalms were selected, since these texts contain the two words in their corpus. In order to achieve this objective, the article is based on an understanding of the word in its magical dimension, since it is constituted as "magical, cabalistic, sacred, [...] endowed with power" (BIDERMAN, 1998, p. 81). As a result, it became possible to understand the word Emunah as faith based on trust that everything is for the good, and to understand the word Bitachon as faith built on absolute certainty. It was also possible to understand the acrostics of the word Amen within Jewish thought, in order to understand their relationship with the word Emunah and their presence within the text. It was also possible to see that these words permeate each other in their meanings, building a web of meanings generated by the biblical text.
LITERATURA, ESTUDOS BÍBLICOS E LINGUÍSTICOS
Genesis 2:4 is a short verse, but it is at the center of an intense discussion about belonging. Some scholars place it as the final part of the first section of Genesis, others as the beginning of the second section, and there are even those who divide it into two parts. Therefore, it is necessary to look at the text again and seek to understand how it functions within the context in which it is found, precisely because this helps in better understanding the larger narrative. Thus, using the tools of narrative criticism, this article aims to understand Genesis 2:4 within its immediate literary context and within the book of Genesis and, then, conclude about its belonging within the sections of Genesis.
Copyright (c) 2024 Edson M Nunes Junior https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A specter haunts... the intempestive topicality of Stefan Zweig
This article addresses the relevance and contemporaneity of the life and work of the German-speaking Jewish writer, Stefan Zweig, amidst the crises of the 20th century. Highlighting the intersection of Zweig's trajectory with crucial historical events of that period, such as the two world wars, and his subsequent literary shift towards pacifism after World War I. Regarding theoretical framework, the paper explores the relationship between the concepts of contemporaneity and untimeliness, arguing that to be contemporary is essentially to be in disagreement with one's time, as discussed by philosophers such as Nietzsche (1999), Benjamin (2013a and 2013b), Deleuze (2018a, 2018b and 2020), and Agamben (2004, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2016). Thus, the analysis includes reflections on the ethical-political responsibility of memory and the need for resistance in the face of a past that continues to (re)assert itself, drawing from Zweig's timeless legacy as a humanistic source of inspiration to confront not only present challenges but also those of the future. Ultimately, the text concludes that Zweig's work transcends spatiotemporal boundaries, offering valuable insights into the human condition and urging readers to take a critical and active approach to the contemporary world.
Copyright (c) 2024 Geovane Melo Junior https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0