Clinical and Laboratorial Research in Dentistry
Clinical and Laboratorial Research in Dentistry - CLRD, is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal, publishing original research, clinical trials and review articles, editorials, and commentaries related to all areas of Dentistry and those interested in these fields. The journal is dedicated to the dissemination of knowledge and information relevant to dentistry. Submitted manuscripts will be evaluated considering originality, relevance and methodology. The content submitted must not be under consideration elsewhere. The journal is indexed in the following databases: Visit and follow the news on our website! https://www.facebook.com/clresearchindentistry
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia
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Relationship between bone alterations detected in panoramic radiographs and osteoporosis
Objectives: Since the screening for low systemic bone mineral density (BMD) can be performed using panoramic radiography (PR), the use of other detectable signs in PR that could increase the rate of patients correctly indicated for dual bone densitometry (DXA) is still needed. Hence, this study aims to correlate low BMD with Body Mass Index (BMI) and visible changes on PR: elongated styloid process, mandibular cortical index (MCI), and number of teeth. Material and methods: PRs of 23 patients who had a DXA exam were used. Each patient was classified by three examiners with different levels of expertise (beginner, experienced, and expert) according to the MCI; the styloid process, as normal or elongated; the number of teeth; and the BMI. Results: A significant correlation was observed between the MCI and the DXA only for the expert observer (r=−0.47). For the other variables (elongated styloid process, number of teeth, and BMI) no significant correlations were observed. The inter-examiner agreement was 0.50 for the expert observer and the beginner, 0.27 for the experienced and the expert, and 0.58 for the experienced and beginner. The intra-examiner correlation was 0.77 for the expert, 0.48 for the beginner, and 0.28 for the experienced observer. Conclusion: The MCI showed a significant correlation with low bone mineral density; however, no evidence was found of a relationship between low bone mineral density and other detectable signs in RP.
Copyright (c) 2022 Bruna Akinaga Moreira, Eduardo Massaharu Aoki, Luciana Munhoz, Emiko Saito Arita http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Use of bone distraction in the treatment of patients with Pierre Robin Sequence
Introduction: The Pierre Robin Sequence is a triad of anomalies characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. The literature describes some modalities of treatment to improve the quality of life of patients with this syndrome, such as distraction osteogenesis. Aim: This scientific article aimed to demonstrate the possibility to use distraction osteogenesis to correct the anomalies related to the condition. Materials and methods: A literature research of articles in the electronic databases was carried out, and articles written in English and Portuguese, whose themes were related topic of this work and aided in its production, were selected. Results: Individuals with Pierre Robin Sequence show compromised aesthetic and functional characteristics, affecting, consequently, their quality of life. Conclusion: We concluded that distraction osteogenesis is an efficient treatment allowing adequate rehabilitation and treatment. Note the essential need of a multidisciplinary team in action.
Copyright (c) 2022 Igor Bustamante Ferreira dos Santos, Ingrid Aquino Machado, Lorena de Oliveira Barros, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Antunes de Souza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Local recurrences of salivary gland tumors in a Brazilian population
Objective: To identify the recurrence after surgery in patients diagnosed with salivary gland tumor. Methods: Data on age, gender, type of salivary gland tumor, local recurrence, stage, primary site and type of treatment were collected at Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, using a standard form based on clinical records. These were described and analyzed with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Results: Of the 55 medical records that comprised the study sample, 51% were male. Overall mean age was 55 years, ranging from 13 to 90 years. Adenocarcinoma (NOS) was the most prevalent (n = 17), followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) (n = 14; 25.5%). Among all sites, parotid gland (n = 29; 53%) was the most common. Among the patients studied, 61.8% (n = 34) had no distant metastasis, but 38.18% (n = 21) did, and 14.55% (n = 8) showed bone metastasis. Conversely, 34.55% (n = 19) of the patients had recurrence only one year after diagnosis. The neoplasm with the highest recurrence rate was NOS (n = 17, 30.91%), followed by CAC (n = 14, 25.45%). Conclusion: Results show a prevalence of male patients and parotid gland involvement, with NOS adenocarcinoma and CAC being the most frequent neoplasms. Distant metastasis occurred in 38.18% (n = 21) of the cases, and bone was the most affected site. Surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy (n = 15) was the treatment of choice.
Copyright (c) 2022 Maria Eduarda de Arruda Lucena, Hittalo Carlos Rodrigues de Almeida, Leorik Pereira da Silva, Márcia Maria Fonseca da Silveira, Ana Paula Veras Sobral http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparison of the accuracy of linear measurements in CBCT images with different field of views
This study sought to investigate the effect of the field of view (FOV) on linear measurements of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: In this in vitro study, five dry human skulls were used. After using red wax to simulate soft tissue, the skulls were scanned using Galileos CBCT scanner (Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) with exposure parameters of 85 kVp and 21 mAs and voxel size of 0.280 mm; once with FOV of 15 cm × 8 cm and once again with 15 cm × 15 cm. The measured distances were the distance between the center of the bilateral mental foramen in the axial view (MM), the distance between the alveolar crest and the mandibular inferior border in the sagittal view on the midline (CB), and the depth of the socket of the left mandibular central incisor (L1). Descriptive statistics as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05) using SPSS software (v. 25, IBM, NY, USA). Results: The measurements obtained with small and large FOV and with the dry skull were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The measurements obtained in small FOV had excellent correlation coefficient when compared with those obtained with the dry skull, with values of 0.890 for MM, 0.954 for CB, and 0.921 for L1 (p < 0.001). The measurements in large FOV also had excellent correlation coefficient when compared with those on the dry skull, with values of 0.894 for MM, 0.949 for CB, and 0.902 for L1 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to our findings, linear measurements obtained by CBCT scans in small and large FOVs were not significantly different than those on dry skulls. Since the linear measurements are accurate regardless of FOV size, selection of FOV must be based on patient factors, such as area of interest and radiation dose.
Copyright (c) 2022 Mojdeh Mehdizadeh, Ali Erfani, Parisa Soltani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Antimicrobial photodynamic and photobiomodulation adjuvant therapies for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw – Report of two cases with long-term follow-up
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a relatively rare condition with high morbidity. In this study, we report the management of two recalcitrant cases of MRONJ in the mandibles of two older women who received treatment with alendronate for osteoporosis. Sequestrectomies, combined with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and photobiomodulation (PBMT), were performed in both patients. During perioperative and weekly postoperative aPDT sessions, a diode laser treated three anatomical points by emitting a continuous gallium-aluminum-arsenide wave at 660 nm (red laser), 0.028 cm2, 0.1 W, 3.57 W/cm2 for 90 s per point, 9 J per point, 321 J/cm2, and a total energy of 27 J. PBMT was applied weekly after surgery at 808 nm wavelength (other parameters being equal) for wound healing and pain relief. Both patients were followed-up for two years without any report of recurrence. Thus, aPDT and PBMT can be considered non-invasive adjuvant therapies for MRONJ without any adverse effects.
Copyright (c) 2022 Angela B. P. Paiva, Beatriz C. Pereira, Mariana A. Brozoski, Julia G. L. Araújo, Maria Cristina Zindel Deboni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Treatment modalities of dentigerous cysts: literature review
There are some theories regarding the emergence of dentigerous cysts. Among them, one claims they originate from the separation of the follicle in the crown of an erupted tooth, and another, that fluid accumulates between the crown and the reduced epithelium. Even with the existing research, its etiopathogenesis still remains unknown. Cysts can be treated in several ways, among them: enucleation, marsupialization, decompression, cryotherapy, endoscopy, and their combinations. Objective: To review the literature on dentigerous cyst treatment. Material and methods: This is a narrative literature review of articles written in Portuguese and English, and published from 2011 to 2021, which are available at the SciELO, BVS, and PubMed databases. Conclusion: We found that cyst enucleation is considered the treatment of choice whenever feasible, but since this technique destroys a significant amount of tissue, other more conservative options can be used. However, the adequate technique will vary according to the characteristics of the lesion and the patient.
Copyright (c) 2022 Paulo Rogério Corrêa Couto, Rafael Joshua de Lima Moura, Thayná de Melo Freitas, Rafael de Sousa Carvalho Saboia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Antimicrobial activity in pit and fissure sealants: a systematic review
Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the literature about sealants modified with materials to promote antimicrobial activity and answer the question “What is the effect of incorporating materials that promote antimicrobial activity to pit and fissure sealants?” Materials and methods: Data were collected from questions about the material incorporated, its concentration, purpose of incorporation, analyses, and conclusions obtained. The Cochrane Library, LILLACS, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases were searched with the terms “SEALANT”, “ANTIMICROBIAL”, and “ANTIBACTERIAL”. The selection of studies was performed in two stages. Inclusion criteria were applied via the evaluation of titles and abstracts, and exclusion criteria, via the complete reading of the studies. The adapted Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to analyze bias risk. Results: Due to the heterogeneity of the data found, it was impossible to perform a meta-analysis. We obtained 1389 references, including 11 of them in this review. Analysis of the studies found that modified sealants may show antimicrobial activity and alter their other properties. After applying the JBI tool, all studies showed low bias risk. Conclusion: Modified pit and fissure sealants show antimicrobial activity and altered physicochemical and mechanical properties.
Copyright (c) 2022 Izabela Ferreira, Thaisa Theodoro de Oliveira, Andréa Cândido dos Reis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
XXV Reunião de Pesquisa e XXII Seminário de Iniciação Científica
Anais da XXV Reunião de Pesquisa da FOUSP - 2021
Copyright (c) 2021 João Gualberto de Cerqueira Luz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Clinical aspects and treatment of amelogenesis imperfect: a case report
Objectives: This study discusses the clinical characteristics of a case of type IIA amelogenesis imperfecta (hypomatured with diffuse pigmentation), presenting the treatment methods and how this condition affects the patient’s quality of life. Materials and methods: A 7-year-old male patient with deciduous and permanent dentition sought dental care due to the following dental changes: brownish-yellow dental coloration, rough surface, presence of dental calculus on the lower incisors, end-to-end bite, and dentin hypersensitivity. Radiographic examination showed that the volume of dental tissues was normal, but there was a lack of contrast between enamel and dentin in all teeth – features compatible with the clinical diagnosis of AI-IIA. Treatment consisted of restorations performed with glass ionomer cement, application of fluoride varnish and daily mouthwash with 0.05% sodium fluoride. Results: The treatment performed was considered a success, since the patient’s complaints were addressed through an appropriate dental treatment, restoring the child’s function and aesthetics according to his needs. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of AI is of paramount importance for more conservative treatment focusing on preventing its effects. From the dental care point of view, AI treatment seeks to restore the patient’s oral health and consequently reintegrate them into social life with a higher quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2022 Bruna Mandrá da Cunha, Paula Guitarrara Nirschl Morais Nery, Cristina Luzia Lopes Borges Silva, João Paulo Silva Servato, Maria Angélica Hueb de Menezes Oliveira, Denise Tornavoi de Castro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Prevalence of idiopathic osteosclerosis in the mandible: a cone beam computed tomography study
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) in the mandible in an Iranian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on all CBCT images obtained in 2010-2014 from the archive of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department at Isfahan Dental School. Images were evaluated by two observers in identical room and monitoring conditions. IO was defined as homogenous radiopacities with no particular etiology, ranging from 2 mm to 2 cm in size. Demographic information of all patients, as well as the lesion’s number, location, border, shape, and association with adjacent teeth were recorded. Results: From 377 CBCT images, 43 images (11.4%) had at least one IO lesion. Two separate IO lesions were detected in six patients; therefore, 49 IO lesions were found in total. No gender differences were observed in IO prevalence (P = 0.806). Although most common in patients who were in their 30s, IO prevalence was not statistically different among age groups (P = 0.369). IO was most frequent in the molar region, with 63.2% of lesions. Conclusion: IO prevalence was 11.4% in the studied population and was not statistically different between age groups or sexes. Most lesions were found in the mandibular molar region.
Copyright (c) 2021 Mojdeh Mehdizadeh, Farnoush Firoozi, Parisa Soltani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Orofacial changes of patients with congenital Zika syndrome in Northeast Brazil: an integrative literature review
In 2015, in Northeast Brazil, cases of microcephaly associated with the outbreak of zika virus in South America were identified. This virus is transmitted by the biological vector Aedes aegypti, which also transmits dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. The congenital Zika syndrome affected newborns with head circumference smaller than 32 cm, compromising their central nervous system. Besides ocular lesions, hyperexcitability, and hypertonia, newborns also showed intracranial calcifications in imaging exams. If children with congenital Zika syndrome suffer maxillofacial alterations during embryonic development, they could have delayed tooth eruption and malformations. This study aims to perform an integrative review of the current literature about the health conditions of children with congenital Zika virus infection and the possible alterations of their oral cavity. This integrative literature review was performed by searching scientific articles in the PubMed, SciELO, and MEDLINE electronic databases with the descriptors “Zika Virus Infection”, “Zika Virus”, and “Microcephaly”, which deal with clinical case reports and were indexed between 2016 and 2021. About 26 articles published entirely in English were analyzed after meeting the eligibility criteria. The studies contributed to better treatment conducts by showing the neurological, functional, and oral alterations in children with congenital Zika syndrome, including periodontal diseases, malocclusions, dental caries, bruxism, micrognathia, ankyloglossia, short labial frenum, dental trauma, and dysphagia.
Copyright (c) 2021 Marina Rosa Barbosa, Sérgio Bartolomeu de Farias Martorelli, Demóstenes Alves Diniz, Jéssica da Silva Cunha, Fernando de Oliveira Martorelli, Laís Azevedo Lins de Holanda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Accuracy of printed models obtained from intraoral scanning
Objectives: To compare the accuracy of two methods for the manufacturing of physical models: I) intraoral scanning and resin-printed models; and II) addition silicone impression and gypsum model. Materials and methods: A dental manikin was used as the master model and compared with five gypsum models (g1) and five resin printed models (g2) by analyzing linear measurements at four sites (M1, M2, M3, and M4) using an image measuring instrument. The mean values of the experimental models were compared to those of the master model using one-sample t-test. The samples of each group at the same site were compared with an independent t-test. For all tests, a significance level of 5% (0.05) was considered. Results: The confidence intervals from M1, M2, and M4 sites for both gypsum and resin models presented statistically lower linear distance when compared to the reference values. At m3, the mean value for the gypsum models was not statistically different from the reference mean value (p > 0.05); however, resin-printed models presented a statistically different mean value (p < 0.05), as well as lower values of linear distance. Conclusions: When compared to gypsum models, resin- printed models differed greatly from the master model, indicating the need for standardizing the printing protocol, for its variables may influence printed models accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2021 Fernando Igai, Washington Steagall Junior, Pedro Tortamano Neto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Oral manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relatively uncommon oncohematological condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells. Oral manifestations of MM can occur in soft and intraosseous parts. We present a case of a 69-year-old man diagnosed with MM and undergoing chemotherapy, referred to the dental service complaining of a nodular swelling in the maxilla. An incisional biopsy was conducted and the histopathological analysis showed a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells with a positive CD 138 immunophenotype, which allowed the diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma. The outcome of the case was unfavorable and the patient died. We emphasize the importance of diagnosing MM extramedullary disease in the maxillofacial region.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jefferson da Rocha Tenório, Basílio de Almeida Milani, Bruno Fernandes Matuck http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Epigenetic correlations of oral cancer and periodontal disease
This study aimed to understand the association between epigenetic alterations in cancer and periodontal disease, verifying a potential biological plausibility. To this end, a narrative literature review was conducted in the LILACS, PubMed and SciELO databases for the descriptors “Epigenetic AND Periodontal disease,” “Epigenetic AND Oral cancer,” and “Epigenetic AND Periodontal disease AND Oral cancer”. The search returned 56 articles. Scientific evidence shows that chronic inflammation resulting from the presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in the dental biofilm can lead to epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone. These changes can inhibit tumor suppressor genes and activate oncogenes, contributing to the development and progression of oral cancer. This indicates that epigenetic modifications in cancer and periodontal disease present similar pathophysiological mechanisms, thus pointing to a positive association between these two diseases and suggesting that periodontal disease may be a potential risk factor for oral cancer.
Copyright (c) 2021 Amanda Hastenreiter Costa Dornelas , Karla de Andrade Luiz, Victória Boechat Feyo, Yuri de Lima Medeiros, Ana Carolina Alves Pereira, Raissa Caputo de Azevedo, Gisele Maria Campos Fabri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Treatment of oral mucocele in a baby under local procedures
Mucocele is a benign oral lesion, occurring due to partial or complete obstruction of the duct of a minor salivary gland. Obstruction of the salivary gland duct results in saliva retention in the septum and underlying tissues, forming a lesion. The lesion is asymptomatic and often regresses on its own. It may be transparent or purplish in color. It occurs in patients of all ages, from babies to the elderly. Objectives: To report a case of oral mucocele treatment in a baby, performed locally . Materials and methods: A 4-month-old male baby was referred for evaluation with a lower lip lesion present since birth. The diagnosis suggested a lower lip mucocele, and cryosurgery was performed. Results: After 2 months, we noted lesion recurrence, and the patient returned to dental care. A conventional surgical excision of the mucocele was performed. After one year of follow-ups, no recurrences were noticed. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary team for effective treatment in patients and diagnosis.
Copyright (c) 2021 Camilla Vieira Esteves, Wladimir Gushiken de Campos, Vinícius Teixeira, Graicy Vital dos Santos, Marília Trierveiler Martins, Celso Augusto Lemos Júnior http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Oral soft-tissue sarcomas diagnosed in an oral pathology service: a 16year experience
Objective: This study analyzed the prevalence and clinic-pathological features of soft-tissue sarcomas diagnosed in a single-center of oral pathology from a School of Dentistry in Brazil. Materials and methods: All consecutive cases of intra-oral soft-tissue sarcomas diagnosed between January of 2002 and December of 2018 were retrieved from the files; patient data (sex, age and race) and characteristics of the lesions (site, size, clinical aspect and duration of injury) were collected. Results: Among a total of 62,255 biopsies diagnosed in the studied period, soft-tissue oral sarcomas comprised 76 cases (0.12%). Kaposi sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma encompassed 64.5% of the cases, and 53% of these were diagnosed as Kaposi Sarcoma. Male patients were more affected (59.2%) and white patients comprised 50%. In general, 39.4% of the patients were between 21-40yo. Conclusion: Soft-tissue sarcomas are rare in oral soft-tissue and in our pathology service, they comprised only 0.12% of all diseases diagnosed in the studied period. Kaposi sarcoma was the most frequent, followed by leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Thus, it is important for stomatologists and pathologists to be aware of their characteristics when examining oral mucosa, mainly their peculiarities regarding patient’s age, clinical appearance, and site of occurrence.
Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado de Sousa
Copyright (c) 2021 Paulo Sérgio Souza Pina, Mariana Lobo Bergamini, Fábio Luiz Coracin, Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado de Sousa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Direct restorative techniques for fractured anterior teeth in pediatric patient
Dental trauma (DT) can compromise teeth, periodontium, and soft tissues. Fairly common among children and teenagers, DT is a public health problem worldwide, for its high prevalence on upper central incisors can trigger functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial issues in patients. Several approaches are possible for properly treating DT, such as the direct restoration using resin-based composite (RC). This study aimed to report and discuss two restorative techniques using RC in an 8-years old male child with upper anterior teeth fractured due to DT, including coronal fracture involving enamel and dentin in the right maxillary central incisor, and only enamel in the right maxillary lateral incisor. The restoration was performed using adhesive system (AS) and RC under relative isolation of the operatory field. Due to the large fractured area in the right maxillary central incisor, a silicon guide was previously prepared based on a waxing model to facilitate the reestablishment of the lingual surface form and anatomy. Having had a smaller fractured area, the right maxillary lateral incisor was restored using the direct free-hand technique. In this clinical case, enamel and detin were restored by incremental filling technique with different resin opacities. In the follow-up clinical evaluation, the patient, relatives, and dental clinicians reported satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes.
Lucas Fernando Oliveira Tomáz Ferraresso
Copyright (c) 2021 Danielle Liêda Cunha Fróes, Débora Maria Pelisson Lourenço, Carolina Alves Andrade, Flávia Barroso Castelani, Helouise Abreu Laffayett, Lucas Fernando Oliveira Tomáz Ferraresso, João Felipe Besegato, Sueli de Almeida Cardoso, Márcio Grama Hoeppner http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Evaluation of synusopathies in panoramic radiographies in a school clinic from the extreme south of Santa Catarina
Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of sinus disorders in 1095 patients submitted to panoramic radiography between 2014 and 2019 in a school clinic from the extreme south of Santa Catarina. Method: This is a descriptive, quantitative, retrospective, documentary, field research. All digital panoramic radiographs were performed by an Eagle equipment (Dabi Atlante, SP, Brazil) with radiographic factors of approximately 70 kV and 10 mA, adjusted according to each case individual criteria, with a 13-second exposure time using the digital CMOS sensor. A dental surgeon specialized in dental radiology evaluated all images. Results: Most of the study sample consisted of female patients of adult age. A total of 35.8% panoramic radiographs presented alterations in the maxillary sinuses, being retention pseudocysts and chronic sinusitis the most common sinus disorders. Changes regarding age or gender showed no statistical significance. Conclusion: Panoramic radiography is a widely used complementary exam in Dentistry, enabling the identification of alterations in the maxillary sinuses. However, in the presence of synusopathies, it must be associated with clinical examination for a proper diagnosis.
Copyright (c) 2021 Gabriela Dordette, Sarah Guezzi, Andrigo Manyurato Rodrigues, Ângela Catarina Maragno http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
3D printers in dentistry: a review of additive manufacturing techniques and materials
3D printers manufacture objects used in various dental specialties. Objective: This literature review aims to explore different techniques of current 3D printers and their applications in printed materials for dental purposes. Methods: The online PubMed databases were searched aiming to find applications of different 3D printers in the dental area. The keywords searched were 3D printer, 3D printing, additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, 3D prototyping, dental materials and dentistry. Results: From the search results, we describe Stereolithography (SLA), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Material Jetting (MJ), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Binder Jetting (BJ) and Dust-based printing techniques. Conclusion: 3D printing enables different additive manufacturing techniques to be used in dentistry, providing better workflows and more satisfying clinical results.
Copyright (c) 2021 Leonardo Portilha Gomes da Costa, Stephanie Isabel Díaz Zamalloa, Fernando Amorim Mendonça Alves, Renan Spigolon, Leandro Yukio Mano, Claudio Costa, Alessandra Mazzo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Evaluation between vitamin D serum level and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in the field of dentistry
Objectives: Our study sought to evaluate the association between HSV1 and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels among dental students. Materials & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach conducted in Birjand, state of Khorasan Jonoobi, Iran, from July 2018 to April 2019. A peripheral blood sample (5 ml) and an anti-virus antibody along with Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) levels were measured using an Anti-Herpes-1 IgG kit with ELISA by a pathologist. Pearson and chi-square tests were applied in the significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of HSV1 was 41%. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels mean was 23.22 ± 13.09. The prevalence of HSV1 antibody in pre-clinical and clinical levels was higher than in basic science, also, the results represented that a negative relation between vitamin D deficiency and the presence of HSV1, but it was not a significant association. Conclusion: Any association between vitamin D and herpes viruses remains inconclusive. Further studies in the general population are needed.
Copyright (c) 2021 Parvin Parvaie, Saideh Ebrahimian Baghan, Freshteh Osmani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Inclusion of psychology in undergraduate dentistry courses: contribution to a humanized healthcare
Objective: Based on the evident need for classes on psychology in higher education curricula, we sought to understand its offer in undergraduate Dentistry courses in southeast Brazil, thus obtaining an overview on how undergraduate pedagogical projects in Dentistry include the discipline of Psychology. Method: This cross-sectional study analyzed the undergraduate programs, collecting the following variables: if the discipline is offered, nature of the curricular component (mandatory or elective), format (in-person or distance learning) and course load. Results: Our sample consisted of 176 faculties, of which we excluded 32 for not providing their respective curriculum. Results show that 98 (68.05%) higher education institutions (HEIs) offer a class on Psychology in their curriculum, with 78.44% of them being mandatory, 78.57% in-person, with maximum course load of 80 hours and minimum of 30 hours. Conclusion: Although the discipline of Psychology is offered by most HEIs, its inclusion should reach all institutions analyzed, since the field is of great relevance for humanizing dental care.
Copyright (c) 2021 Danielle Fernandes Lopes, Yuri de Lima Medeiros, Luan Viana Faria, João Paulo Santana da Silva, Fabiane Rossi dos Santos Grincenkov, Gracieli Prado Elias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Objectives: To review the international and national scientific production on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and head and neck cancer, focusing on oropharyngeal tumors. Materials and Method: This is a systematic literature review conducted in the PubMed database for electronic resources published between 1999 and 2019. Results: The results indicate that HPV is a factor for the formation of oropharyngeal squamous cells carcinoma (OPSCC), being HPV-16 the most common type of HPV related to OPSCC. Conclusions: Before the elevated rates of morbidity and late diagnosis of head and neck cancer, early diagnosis plays a key role in patients affected with this condition.
Copyright (c) 2021 Juliana Milioli Voltolini, Felipe Daniel Búrigo dos Santos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Odontogenic myxoma and its differential diagnoses based on the apparent diffusion coefficient: a case report and brief literature review
Objective: This report discusses the main imaging findings observed in odontogenic myxoma (OM) with an emphasis on the importance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for diagnosis. Case report: In the present report, a female patient sought care due to an edema in the maxilla region associated with nocturnal dyspnea. Cone beam computed tomography showed a hypodense image invading the right maxillary sinus. The mean ADC value was 2.07 ± 0.30 × 10-³ mm²/s contributed to the elucidation of the diagnostic hypotheses, differentiating the lesion from its main differential diagnoses. Histopathological examination confirmed the suspicion of an odontogenic myxoma. Conclusion: OM is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm of locally aggressive nature. DWI parameters and ADC values can be useful to differentiate OM from other odontogenic lesions.
Copyright (c) 2021 Andreza Oliveira Alves, Lady Jane da Silva Macedo, Nickolas Souza Silva, Giuliano da Paz Oliveira, Antonione Santos Bezerra Pinto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Removal of a broken dental needle in the pterygomandibular space using an image intensifier: two case reports
Introduction: Accidents and complications are elements that can occasionally be associated with the procedures realized within work dentist environment. Among some accidents related to dental practice, needle fracture during local anesthesia is noteworthy due to its rarity. Objective: This work seeks to report two cases of removal of a broken dental needle in the pterygomandibular space using an image intensifier. Material and Methods: In both cases, the accident happened during an inferior alveolar nerve block. The surgeons requested image exams to locate the objects using general anesthesia. In the surgery, a transoral incision was made to remove the broken needle from the pterygomandibular space, guided by an image intensifier. Results: Both surgeries were a success. The broken needles were found quickly with the use of the image intensifier, and no postoperative complications were observed. Conclusion: The correct assessment of fractured dental position is essential for its removal. The use of the image intensifier has been showing advantages, such as offering fast transoperative dynamic images and at different angles, thus providing opportunity for calmer surgery and with less risk for the patient and the operator.
Copyright (c) 2021 Paulo Rogério Corrêa Couto, Rafael do Nascimento Silva, Rafael de Sousa Carvalho Sabóia, Airton Vieira Leite Segundo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Biosafety and use of EPI in dentistry in Covid-19 times
The coronavirus (COVID-19) has challenged health professions and systems worldwide, the role of dental professionals in preventing the transmission of Covid-19 is extremely important, since they are exposed to aerosols in the oral cavity of patients that contain various microorganisms pathogenic. This current moment has brought changes in Dentistry, causing a significant change in the way of care, the routine and the use of PPE in an appropriate and safe way within a dental office. This article seeks to guide the professional on biosafety in dentistry and the importance of the correct use of PPE in the prevention of autoinfection or dissemination of Covid-19 in times of pandemic. The PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and Bireme databases served as a search for the terms changes by corona virus, dentistry and biosafety. The selection criteria were a form of transmission of the new Corona virus and ways of preventing the spread of the virus within the dental office, published between 2004 and June 2020. Dental professionals play an important role in preventing the transmission of Covid-19 by the correct use of PPE, use of antimicrobial agents in the oral cavity and proper management in screening patients.
Copyright (c) 2021 Mirilaini Lino Brancini, Paula Renata de Souza, Mayara Terenzi, Taylane Soffener Berlanga de Araújo, Andréa Candido dos Reis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Extensive gunshot wound to the face: a case report
Facial fractures caused by gunshots are a major challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Underdeveloped countries present a higher rate of homicides committed by gunshots than developed countries. This case report presents a 25 year-old male victim of a gunshot wound to the mandible, evolving into a complex fracture. The fracture was treated using rigid internal fixation. After 18 months of follow-up, the patient presents good facial appearance and masticatory activity. The gunshot caused the permanent paralysis of the right mandibular branch of the facial nerve. We managed to preserve the involved teeth and mandibular integrity, with complete bone healing. Despite the late infection following plate fixation, healing occurred without further complications, indicating that blood supply was maintained.
Copyright (c) 2021 Tales Gabriel de Souza Cerioni, Rafael Jorge Ruman, Willian Jamil Hassanieh, Gustavo Rodrigues Manrique, Wladimir Gushiken de Campos, Alexandre Viana Frascino, Flavio Carneiro Hojaij http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Superficial dye penetration of two conventional ionomers used as dental fissures sealants
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate surface dye penetration of two conventional glass ionomer cements (GIC), one of them a high viscous ionomer. Methods: 20 standard disk samples measuring 2 mm thick and 4 mm in diameter were made for each conventional GIC. The high viscous ionomer was used as the control (Group 1). Samples were embedded in wax and submitted to pH cycling for 7 days simulating a high cariogenic challenge in a kiln (37ºC). All samples were brushed with an extra-soft bristles infant toothbrush to mimic oral hygiene after exposure to a demineralizing solution for 6 hours. The samples were immersed in a 1% methylene blue solution for 2 hours at the end of cycling. The Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test was used to analyze the difference between the two GIC. Results: All samples disclosed a superficial dye penetration of 0.6 to 1.5 mm depth. There was no statistical d ifference b etween t he G IC t ested ( p = 0.883). Conclusion: Both GIC tested in this study exhibited superficial dye penetration to depths of at least until their superficial third.
Copyright (c) 2021 Marcella C. B. Malta, Márcia R. T. C. Andrade, Mirian de W. S. de Marsillac, Luiz H. M. Prates, Ricardo de S. Vieira http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Extracellular vesicles: what we know so far
This study aimed to address and clarify some concepts about the extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their nomenclature based on a literature review. A literature review was performed using the Scielo, Lilacs and Medline/PubMed databases. Scientific research and literature review articles about VEs published from 2010 to 2021 in English language were verified. Thenceforth, 33 articles were selected to compose this study. EVs are nano to micrometric- sized particles, delimited by cell membrane and released from living organisms, which play an important role on cell communication. The main types of EVs are exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, which present overlapping features that may lead to confusion in their characterization. Studies have tried to isolate the different types of VEs, but there are neither effective methods of purification nor specific markers yet. Based on the current literature, the present study reinforces the importance of detailed description about methods of isolation and characterization in studies which use VEs and suggests maintaining the use of the term “EVs” instead of more specific terms, thus attempting to reduce possible biases and facilitate comparison between studies.
Copyright (c) 2021 Heloísa Nelson Cavalcanti, Tiago João da Silva Filho, Lélia Maria Guedes Queiroz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Evaluation of the dimensional stability of three irreversible hydrocolloid trademarks
Objective: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of seven pouring times on dimensional stability of three brands of irreversible hydrocolloids: Jeltrate Plus (Dentsply Sirona, São Paulo, Brazil), Hydrogum 5 (Zhermack, Badia Polesine, Italy) and CavexColor Change (Cavex, Haarlem, The Netherlands). Material and methods: A standard acrylic model with a flat base and four straight pillars was made: A, B, C and D. In total, 105 impressions were made, 35 from each commercial brand, subdivided into seven groups according to the pouring times: immediately after alginate impression; 30 minutes; 2 hours; 24 hours; 48 hours; 120 hours and 216 hours after alginate impression. Then, the measurements of the distance between the points (measures AB, BC and CD) were performed. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test (α = 0.05) were used as statistical tests. Results: Dimensional stability was directly affected by the storage time and the alginate brand (p < 0.05). Jeltrate Plus showed increasing dimensional changes after 2 hours of storage. Hydrogum 5 and Cavex Color Change were stable for 120 and 48 hours, respectively. Conclusion: In suitable storage conditions, Hydrogum 5 and Cavex Color Change brands showed greater dimensional stability.
Copyright (c) 2021 Antônio Lopes Júnior, Caio Felipe de Almeida Nobre, Gabriel Ramos Rúbio, Mariana Itaborai Moreira Freitas, May Anny Alves Fraga, Nathalia Silveira Finck http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Effect of light curing unit and antiseptic mouthwashes on the physical properties of gingiva-colored composite resin
Objective: This study evaluated surface roughness (Ra) and color difference (ΔE00) of a gingiva-colored composite resin (NT Premium Gengiva, Coltene), light-activated with three light curing units (LCU) and immersed in different mouthwash solutions. Methods: 90 composite specimens (n=10) were divided according to the LCU: L1-Valo, L2-Bluephase and L3-Optilight Max; and solution: S1-alcohol-based antiseptic mouthwash (Listerine Cool Mint), S2-alcohol-free antiseptic mouthwash (Listerine Cool Mint Zero Alcohol) and S3-water (control). Immersions were performed for 30 s, 2x/day, for 21 days. Ra and coordinates of luminosity (L*) and color (a* and b*) were measured using a rugosimeter (SJ-201 P/M) and a spectrophotometer (SP62S), respectively, at: T0-start, T1-7 days, T2-14 days and T3-21 days. Results: L1 (1.3±0.9) presented higher Ra than L3 (0.7±0.6) and L2 (1.0±0.8); and Ra for S2 (0.9±0.1) was greater than S3 (-0.1±0.1), and S1 (0.1±0.1). Moreover, L1 (23.3±0.3) presented lower ΔE00 t han L 2 (24.7±0.3) a nd L 3 (25.1±0.3). Conclusion: Ra of the gingiva-colored composite resin tested increased when L1 and S2 were used, although L1-cured specimens also showed the lowest ΔE00.
Alma Blasida Concepcion Elizaur Benitez Catirse
Copyright (c) 2021 Tatiane Cristina Dotta, Leonardo de Pádua Andrade Almeida, Mayara Manfrin Arnez, Raisa Castelo, Andréa Cândido dos Reis, Alma Blasida Concepcion Elizaur Benitez Catirse http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0