Distância ainda importa no setor bancário? Evidências dos mercados locais de crédito no Brasil

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575634tpr

Palavras-chave:

Distância funcional, Oferta de crédito, Estrutura bancária

Resumo

A distância entre bancos e tomadores de crédito pode influenciar a quantidade e a qualidade das informações utilizadas nas decisões de crédito. Este artigo examina como a distância entre a sede de um banco e seus locais de atuação afeta a oferta de crédito. Utilizando dados administrativos do Banco Central do Brasil, construímos um painel banco-município para o período de 2011 a 2022 e exploramos a variação intra-banco e intra-município nesse período. Encontramos uma relação negativa entre a distância e o crédito local: um aumento de 100 quilômetros na distância está associado a uma redução de aproximadamente 4% na oferta de crédito. Mostramos também que esse resultado é atenuado para bancos com maior tempo de presença local, particularmente entre os bancos privados, sugerindo que a experiência local acumulada mitiga as fricções informacionais associadas à distância.

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Publicado

29-09-2026

Como Citar

Rodrigues, T. P. (2026). Distância ainda importa no setor bancário? Evidências dos mercados locais de crédito no Brasil. Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo), 56(3), e53575634. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575634tpr