Invisible beings: an overview of people with disabilities' circumstances in Japan

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/

Palavras-chave:

Disability, Japan, Human rights, Minorities, Paralympics

Resumo

Despite Japan ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2014 and the fact that Tokyo will be the first city in the world to host the Paralympic Games more than once, people with disabilities are usually segregated from society and regarded as invisible. This segregation process starts at childhood and lingers throughout these individuals’ lives. This work aims to outline an overview of their living conditions, as well as the Japanese legislation and recent events in the country’s history.

Downloads

Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.

Referências

ADAMS, Rachel. Why has Japan’s massacre of disabled people gone unnoticed? The Independent, 2016. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/japan-disability-rights-massacre-tsukui-yamayuriena-gone-unnoticed-a7217661.html Accessed 2 Sep. 2018.

ASAHI SHIMBUN. Defend eugenics program with the Constitution, court tells state. Tokyo, 2018a. Available at: http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201806140059.html Accessed 8 Oct. 2018.

ASAHI SHIMBUN. Ministries may have skirted disability hiring for many years. Tokyo, 2018b. Available at: http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201808180031.html Accessed 19 Mar. 2019.

BLAUWET, Cheri. Promoting the Health and Human Rights of Individuals with a Disability through the Paralympic Movement. Bonn: International Paralympic Committee, 2005. Available at: https://www.sportanddev.org/sites/default/files/downloads/62__the_paralympics___promoting_health_and_human_rights_through_sport.pdf Accessed 13 Aug. 2020.

BRASOR, Philip. Accommodating disabilities, but only within reason. Tokyo: Japan Times, 2016. Available at: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/04/16/national/media-national/accommodating-disabilities-within-reason/ Accessed 4 Sep. 2018.

CABINET OFFICE. Annual Report on Government Measures for Persons with Disabilities (Summary). 2015. Available at: https://www8.cao.go.jp/shougai/english/annualreport/2015/index-pdf.html Accessed 11 Aug. 2020.

CABINET OFFICE. The Basic Law for Persons with Disabilities. 2011. Available at: https://www8.cao.go.jp/shougai/english/law/no84.html Accessed 11 Aug. 2020.

CARVALHO, Lucio; ALMEIDA, Patricia. Direitos Humanos e Pessoas com Deficiência: da exclusão à inclusão. Da proteção à promoção. Revista Internacional de Direito e Cidadania, n.12, 2012. Available at: https://www.inclusive.org.br/arquivos/30688 Accessed 22 Aug. 2020.

CRAVEN, Philip. The Paralympic Games and the Promotion of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. UN Chronicle, v.LIII, n.2, 2016. Available at: https://unchronicle.un.org/article/paralympic-games-and-promotion-rights-persons-disabilities Accessed 12 Aug. 2020.

DISABLED WORLD. Disability in Japan. 2010. Available at: https://www.disabled-world.com/news/asia/japan.php Accessed 18 Oct. 2018.

FRENCH, Sally. Disability, impairment, or something in between?. In: SWAIN, John; FINKELSTEIN, Vic; FRENCH, Sally; OLIVER, Mike (eds). Disabling Barriers – Enabling Environments. Londres: Sage, 1993, p.17-25.

HA, Kwiyeon; SIEG, Linda. Japan confronts disability stigma after silence over murder victims' names. Reuters, 2016. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-disabled-idUSKCN11M0AM Accessed 15 Oct. 2018.

HASEGAWA, Tamako. Reasonable Accommodation for Persons with Disabilities in Japan. Japan Labor Review, v12, n.1, 2015.

HERNON, Matthew. Why is Japan still biased against people with disabilities. Tokyo Weekender, 2017. Available at: https://www.tokyoweekender.com/2017/02/why-is-japan-still-biased-against-people-with-disabilities/ Accessed 22 Sept. 2018.

HEYER, Katharina. Between equality and difference: the politics of disability in Japan. Contemporary Japan, v.1, p.105-133, 2000.

HEYER, Katharina. From special needs to equal rights: Japanese disability law. Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal, 2000. Available at: http://blog.hawaii.edu/aplpj/files/2011/11/APLPJ_01.1_heyer.pdf Accessed 16 June 2020.

HURST, Daniel. 'They stole my life away': women forcibly sterilised by Japan speak out. The Guardian, 2018. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/04/they-stole-my-life-away-women-forcibly-sterilised-by-japan-speak-out Accessed 27 Feb. 2020.

INAGAKI, Kana. Japan companies in ‘hiring war’ to hit disability targets. Financial Times, 2018. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/44cac7dc-3be5-11e8-bcc8-cebcb81f1f90 Accessed 19 Jan. 2020.

ITAYAMA, Kenji. Outlook on Changes in the Social Welfare System in Japan: Key Points of Its Basic Structural Reform. Asia and Pacific Journal on Disability, v.2, 1999. Available at: https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/asia/resource/z00ap/004/z00ap00411.html Accessed 15 Mar. 2020.

KATSUI, Hisayo. Mainstreaming Disability Issues in Japanese and Finnish Development Policies and Practices. Helsinki University: Institute of Development Studies, 2008. Available at: https://www.sylff.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/mainstreaming_katsui_hisayo.pdf Accessed 21 Apr. 2020.

KRISTOF, Nicholas. Outcast Status Worsens Pain of Japan's Disabled. The New York Times, 1996. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/07/world/outcast-status-worsens-pain-of-japan-s-disabled.html Accessed 14 Aug. 2020.

KRUG, Etienne. International paralympic symposium on disability rights. World Health Organization, 17 September 2004. Available at: https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/media/17_09_2004_speech/en/ Accessed 22 Aug. 2020.

KUDO, Tokai. Japan’s Employment Rate of Persons with Disabilities and Outcome of Employment Quota System. Japan Labor Review, v.7, n.2, 2010. Available at: https://www.jil.go.jp/english/JLR/documents/2010/JLR26_kudo.pdf Accessed 14 Aug. 2020.

LEE, Jennifer; WHITE, Shirley. Economic Sufficiency of Women with Disability. Asia and Pacific Journal on Disability, v.3, 1998. Available at: https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/asia/resource/z00ap/003/z00ap00305.html Accessed 20 Jul. 2020.

LO, Vai Io. Promotion of the employment of persons with disabilities in Japan, the United States, and China: carrot, stick or both? Arizona Journal of International & Comparative Law, v.29, n.3, p.557-602, 2012.

MACKAY, Duncan. Major initiative launched to help Japanese athletes prepare for Tokyo 2020 Paralympics. Inside the games, 2015. Available at: https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1028374/major-initiative-launched-to-help-japanese-athletes-prepare-for-tokyo-2020-paralympics Accessed 15 Aug. 2020.

MAIOR, Izabel. História, conceitos e tipos de deficiência. Gov. SP, 2016. Available at:http://violenciaedeficiencia.sedpcd.sp.gov.br/pdf/textosApoio/Texto1.pdf Accessed 10 Feb. 2020.

MATSUI, Akihiko. Disability and Economy in Japan. University of Tokyo, 2009. Available at: http://www.rease.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/read/en/archive/dp/f09/f0911.pdf Accessed 17 May 2020.

McCURRY, Justin. Japanese woman sues government over forced sterilisation. The Guardian, 2018. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/30/japanese-woman-sues-government-forced-sterilisation Accessed 22 Jun. 2020.

MITHOUT, Anne-Lise. Children with disabilities in the Japanese school system: a path toward social integration? Contemporary Japan, v.28, p.165-184, 2016.

MORI, Yuko; SAKAMOTO, Norihito. Economic consequences of employment quota system for disabled people: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design in Japan. Journal of The Japanese and International Economies, v.28, 2018. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889158317300035 Accessed 11 Aug. 2020.

NAGASE, Osamu. Challenges of the Harmonization and Ratification of Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by Japan. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, v.10, n2, p.93-95, 2013.

NAKAGAWA, Jun; BLANCK, Peter. Future of Disability Law in Japan: Employment and Accommodation. Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2010. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1662&context=ilr Accessed 14 Apr. 2020.

OI, Tatsuo. Statistics on disabled People in Japan. Aino Journal, v.8, p.3-10, 2009.

OKUNO, Eiko. Disability Statistics in Japan. Asia and Pacific Journal on Disability, v.3, 1998. Available at: https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/asia/resource/z00ap/003/z00ap00309.html Accessed 16 June 2020.

O’REILLY, Sean. “Disarmed”: Disability, Trauma, and Emasculation in Contemporary Japanese Cinema. Arts, v.7, art.10, 2018.

OTAKE, Tomoko. Is ‘disability’ still a dirty word in Japan? Japan Times, The. 2006. Available at: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2006/08/27/to-be-sorted/is-disability-still-a-dirty-word-in-japan/#.UyFLy-eSyzc Accessed 10 Nov. 2019.

PECKITT, Michael. Disability in Japan – A year in review: 2016. Accessible Japan, 2016. Available at: https://www.accessible-japan.com/disability-japan-year-in-review-2016/ Accessed 14 Apr. 2020.

PENKETH, Anne; CONNOLLY, Kate; KIRCHGAESSNER, Stephanie, McDONALD, Henry; McCURRY, Justin; CROUCH, David; WALKER, Shaun; SMITH, David; O’HARA, Mary e BAWDEN, Anna. Which are the best countries in the world to live in if you are unemployed or disabled? The Guardian, 2015. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/apr/15/which-best-countries-live-unemployed-disabled-benefits Accessed 21 Apr. 2020.

RAJNES, David. Permanent Disability Social Insurance Programs in Japan. Social Security Bulletin, v.70, n.1, 2010.

SHIRASAWA, Mayumi. The Long Road to Disability Rights in Japan. Nippon.com, 2014. Available at: https://www.nippon.com/en/currents/d00133/the-long-road-to-disability-rights-in-japan.html Accessed 10 Mar. 2020.

SIM, Walter. Inflated number of staff with disabilities at Japan ministries. The Straits Times, 2018. Available at: https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/inflated-number-of-staff-with-disabilities-at-japan-ministries Accessed 19 May 2020.

SIRIPALA, Thinsaka. Japan’s Government Investigated for Cheating Disability Hiring Quotas. The Diplomat, 2018. Available at: https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/japans-government-investigated-for-cheating-disability-hiring-quotas/ Accessed 17 Jul. 2020.

STIBBE, Arran. Attitudes to Women with Disabilities in Japan: The Influence of Television Drama. Asia and Pacific Journal on Disability, v.5, 2002. Available at: https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/asia/resource/z00ap/vol5no2/attitudes.html Accessed 9 Mar. 2019.

STIBBE, Arran. Disability, gender and power in Japanese television drama. Japan Forum, v.16, p.21-36. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0955580032000189311 Accessed 20 Mar. 2020.

SUGIMOTO, Kiyoe. Byūtifuru raifu wa bariafurī de. Sanseiken Forum 49, 2001. Available at: www.sanseiken.com/forum/40/49-otoko.html Accessed 3 Mar. 2000.

SUZUKI, Tsunehiko. Disability Evaluation in Japan. The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences, v. 24, p. 227-231, 2009.

TACHIBANA, Toshiaki; WATANABE, Kanji. Attitudes of Japanese Adults toward Persons with Intellectual Disability: Relationship between Attitudes and Demographic Variables. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, v.39, p.109-126, 2004.

TAGAKI, Masakuni. Narratives of Ambivalent Meanings of Acquired Physical Disability in Japan. SAGE Open, 2016. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244016666310 Accessed 24 June 2020.

TAKAHASHI, Koji. The Future of the Japanese-style Employment System: Continued Long-term Employment and the Challenges It Faces. Japan Labor Issues. 4-5. v.2, n.6, 2018.

VAN DER VEERE, Anoma. The Tokyo Paralympic Superhero: Manga and Narratives of Disability in Japan. The Asia-Pacific Journal, v.18, n.5, 2020. Available at: https://apjjf.org/-Anoma-van-der-Veere/5373/article.pdf Accessed 16 Aug. 2020.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. World Report on Disability: Summary. Geneva, p.8-10, 2011. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44575 Accessed 14 Mar. 2020.

Downloads

Publicado

2022-12-22

Edição

Seção

Tradução

Como Citar

Lopes, B. K. M. ., & Uehara, A. R. . (2022). Invisible beings: an overview of people with disabilities’ circumstances in Japan. Estudos Japoneses, 48, 171-183. https://doi.org/10.11606/