Enhancement of osteogenic differentiation in umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells using a silver nanoparticle-embedded carboxymethyl cellulose nano scaffold
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7765-2026-0407Keywords:
Cell differentiation, Nanofibers, Stem cells, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, NanoparticlesAbstract
Introduction Some periodontal treatments seek to achieve complete and functional regeneration of periodontal tissues, but these interventions often have limited success. Hence, more predictable and effective alternatives are still being sought. The aim was to evaluate the potential for osteogenic differentiation and calcium deposition of umbilical cord stem cells on a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) based nanofiber with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Methodology Human umbilical cord mesenchymal cells (PCS-500-010) were cultured in the presence of a CMC nanofiber with Ag-NPs, and an analysis of calcium deposits with alizarin red staining and RT-qPCR for gene expression of the type I collagen, RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin was performed. Results The findings showed that membrane 2 (M2) promoted the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (R=2.214; P=0.0067), RUNX2 (R=2.041; P=0.004), and osteocalcin (R=1.315; P=0.039). Meanwhile, membrane 3 (M3) promoted the gene expression of type I collagen (R=2.169; P=0.042). The nanofibers induced the cells to form calcium deposits where the M3 showed the greatest amount (OD 450 nm=0.215). Conclusions The CMC–AgNP/PVA nanofiber induced higher levels of gene expression and mineral deposition. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the nanofiber supports osteogenic differentiation–associated responses in vitro. However, further in vivo studies are required to confirm its efficacy.
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