Análise da prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e do nível de atividade física em crianças e adolescentes de uma cidade do sudoeste de São Paulo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.73455Palavras-chave:
prevalência, obesidade, sobrepeso, criança, adolescente, exercícioResumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência de sobrepeso, obesidade e o nível de atividade física segundo o sexo de crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas da cidade de Nantes, São Paulo, Brasil. A amostra foi composta de 170 crianças e 232 adolescentes com a idade média de 8,04±1,31 e 13,2±1,83 anos, respectivamente, de ambos os sexos e frequentadores de duas escolas. Foram coletadas as medidas antropométricas: Índice de massa corpórea pela idade (IMC/idade) e circunferência abdominal. O IMC/idade foi classificado de acordo com o Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) (2007) e um questionário modificado e adaptado sugerido por Silva (2009) foi utilizado para analisar o nível de atividade física. O teste t não pareado foi realizado e os valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significativos.
A prevalência de 30,59% dos indivíduos com sobrepeso ou obesidade, foi verificada sendo a maioria desta adolescente. Também foi encontrada maior média e com diferença significativa do valor da circunferência abdominal no sexo feminino no grupo das crianças. Foi observado que 62,68% da amostra são inativos ou inadequadamente ativos e que a maioria desses era do sexo feminino. Estes fatos demonstram considerável risco que estes indivíduos podem apresentar de complicações cardiovasculares e musculoesqueléticas no decorrer da vida. A importância da realização precoce de programas educacionais e nutricionais na escola deve ser enfatizada para prevenção e tratamento destes indivíduos com excesso de peso e baixo nível de atividade física.
Downloads
Referências
World Health Organization - WHO. Obesity and Overweight. [online] 2013. [cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentrefactsheets/fs311/en/.
Wang G, Dietz WH. Economic burden of obesity in youths aged 6 to 17 years: 1979-1999. Pediatrics. 2002;109: 81-1.
Lambert M, Delvin EE, Levy E, O’Loughlin J, Paradis G, Barnett T, et al. Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors by weight status in a population-based sample of Quebec children and adolescents. Can J Cardiol. 2008; 24, 575-83.
Needham B, Crosnoe R. Overweight and depression during adolescence. J Adolesc Health. 2004;36:48–55.
Schwimmer JB, Burwinkle TM, Varni JW. Healthrelated quality of life in severely obese children and adolescents. JAMA. 2003; 289:1813–9.
French SA, Story M, Perry CL. Self esteem and obesity in children and adolescents: A literature review. Obes Res. 1995;3:479–90.
Chen LJ, Fox KR, Haase A, Wang JM. Obesity, fitness and health in Taiwanese children and adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006; 60:1367–75.
Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM . Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999-2010. JAMA. 2012; 307(5):483–90.
Farrant B, Utter J, Ameratunga S, Clark T, Fleming T, Simon D. Prevalence of severe obesity among New Zealand adolescents and associations with health risk behaviors and emotional well-Being. J Pediatr. 2013; 25: 1–7.
Friedrich RR, Schuch I, Wagner MB. Effect of interventions on the body mass index of school-age students. Rev Saúde Pública. 2012; 46(3): 551–60.
Klein-Platat C, Oujaa M, Wagner A, Haan MC, Arveiler D, Schlienger JL, et al. Physical activity is inversely related to waist circumference in 12-y-old French adolescents. Int J Obes. 2005; 29: 9–14.
Sichieri R, Souza RA. Strategies for obesity prevention in children and adolescents. Cad Saude Publica. 2008; 24: 209–23.
Feferbaun R, Leoni C, Nogueira RC, Cavalcanti PN, Cardoso EB, Serra M. A 10-month anthropometric and bioimpedance evaluation of a nutritional education program for 7 - to 14-year-old students. J Hum Growth Dev. 2012; 22(3):283–290.
Moser DC, Milano GE, Brito LMS, Titski ACK, Leite N. Pressão arterial elevada, excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal em crianças e adolescentes. Rev Educ Física/UEM. 2011; 22(4): 591–600.
Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Curvas de Crescimento da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). [online] 2007. [cited 2013 Apr 8]. Available from: http://nutricao.saude.gov.br/sisvan.php?conteudo=curvas_cresc_oms.
Silva BO. Questionários de Avaliação da Atividade Física e do Sedentarismo em Crianças e Adolescentes. Rev Derc. 2009;15(45):14–18.
Aaron DJ , Kriska AM , Dearwater SR, Anderson RL , Olsen TL , Cauley JA, et al. The epidemiology of leisure physical activity in an adolescent population. Med Sci Sports Exer. 1993; 25: 847-53.
Booth ML, Okely AD, Chey T, Bauman A. The reliability and validity of the physical activity questions in the WHO health behaviour in schoolchildren (HBSC) survey: a population study. Br J Sports Med. 2001; 35: 263-7.
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Codebook for data release (2001-2002). Physical activity section of the SP and MEC CAPI questionnaires (PAQ-B). [cited 2013 May 4]. Available from: http://www.pop.psu.edu/data-archive/codebooks/ nhanes/01_02/quest/paq_b_cbk.pdf.
Chen YC, Chen PC, Hsieh WS, Portnov BA, Chen YA, Lee YL. Environmental factors associated with overweight and obesity in taiwanese children. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012; 26(6): 561–71.
Bac A, Wozniacka R, Matusik S, Golec J, Golec E. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-13 years- alarming increase in obesity in Cracow, Poland. Eur J Pediatr. 2012;171:245–251.
Leão LSCS, Araújo LMB, Moraes LTLP, Assis AM. Prevalência de obesidade em escolares de Salvador, Bahia. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 47(2):151–7.
Ronque ERV, Cyrino ES, Dorea VR, Junior HS, Galdi EHG, Arruda M. Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de alto nível socioeconômico em Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Rev Nutr. 2005; 18(6): 709–17.
Balaban G, Silva GAP. Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes de uma escola da rede privada de Recife. J Pediatr. 2001; 77(2): 96–100.
Lee S, Bacha F, Arslanian SA. Waist circumference, blood pressure, and lipid components of the metabolic syndrome. J Pediatr. 2006; 149: 809–16.
McCarthy HD, Ellis SM, Cole TJ. Dramatic increases in central overweight and obesity in British children aged 11–16 year: crosssectional surveys of waist circumference. Br Med J. 2003; 326: 624–7.
Gonçalves S, Silva D, Antunes H. Psychosocial correlates of overweight and obesity in infancy. J Hum Growth Dev. 2012; 22(1):179-186.
Hallal PC, Bertoldi AD, Gonçalves H, Victora CG. Prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and associated factors in adolescents 10 to 12 years of age. Cad Saude Publica. 2006; 22:1277-87.
Baruki SB, Rosa do LE, Rosado GP, Ribeiro RC. Association between nutritional status and physical activity in Municipal Schools in Corumbá – MS. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2006;12:90-4.
Shokrvash B, Majlessi F, Montazeri A, Nedjat S, Rahimi A, Djazayeri A, Shojaeezadeh D. Correlates of physical activity in adolescence: a study from a developing country. Glob Health Action. 2013;6:203-27.
Mascarenhas LPG, Smolarek AC, Bozza R, Boguszewski MCS, Prati FS, Stabelini Neto A, et al. Cutoff for body mass index in adolescents: comparison with national and international reference standards. J Hum Growth Dev. 2011; 21(3): 798–807.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
CODE OF CONDUCT FOR JOURNAL PUBLISHERS
Publishers who are Committee on Publication Ethics members and who support COPE membership for journal editors should:
- Follow this code, and encourage the editors they work with to follow the COPE Code of Conduct for Journal Edi- tors (http://publicationethics.org/files/u2/New_Code.pdf)
- Ensure the editors and journals they work with are aware of what their membership of COPE provides and en- tails
- Provide reasonable practical support to editors so that they can follow the COPE Code of Conduct for Journal Editors (http://publicationethics.org/files/u2/New_Code.pdf_)
Publishers should:
- Define the relationship between publisher, editor and other parties in a contract
- Respect privacy (for example, for research participants, for authors, for peer reviewers)
- Protect intellectual property and copyright
- Foster editorial independence
Publishers should work with journal editors to:
- Set journal policies appropriately and aim to meet those policies, particularly with respect to:
– Editorial independence
– Research ethics, including confidentiality, consent, and the special requirements for human and animal research
– Authorship
– Transparency and integrity (for example, conflicts of interest, research funding, reporting standards
– Peer review and the role of the editorial team beyond that of the journal editor
– Appeals and complaints
- Communicate journal policies (for example, to authors, readers, peer reviewers)
- Review journal policies periodically, particularly with respect to new recommendations from the COPE
- Code of Conduct for Editors and the COPE Best Practice Guidelines
- Maintain the integrity of the academic record
- Assist the parties (for example, institutions, grant funders, governing bodies) responsible for the investigation of suspected research and publication misconduct and, where possible, facilitate in the resolution of these cases
- Publish corrections, clarifications, and retractions
- Publish content on a timely basis
