Leaf metabolites and carbon sequestration: insights into spatial gradients in a mangrove ecosystem in Mumbai, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824074.25165Keywords:
Mangroves, Mangrove physiology, Chlorophyll, Biomass, Ecosystem carbon pools, Carbon stock, Urban landscapesAbstract
Mangrove physiological traits are strongly influenced by ecogeomorphic conditions and environmental stressors. These traits provide adaptive strategies that sustain growth and productivity in challenging coastal and marine environments. Plant biodiversity is a key determinant of habitat richness, ecosystem functioning, and broader ecological dynamics, being crucial in carbon sequestration. The urban mangrove cover at Carter Road, Mumbai, India, harbors key species such as Sonneratia alba Sm., Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham., Rhizophora mucronata Poir., and Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. These species were assessed for essential phytochemical parameters, including proline and chlorophyll, under ambient environmental conditions. Proline concentrations were highest in R. mucronata (22.42±0.40 µmol g-1) and lowest in S. apetala (18.93±0.14 µmol g-1). Chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), Chl a+b, and the Chl a/b ratio varied significantly between the two spatial extremes-landward and seaward-with considerably higher values at the landward edge. Chl a content (mg g-1) at the landward edge ranged from 1.60±0.03 to 1.31±0.12, markedly higher than values at the seaward fringe (0.71±0.06 to 0.58±0.02). Similar spatial increases were observed for Chl b and Chl a+b. The linear mixed-effects model indicated significant positional differences in soil carbon parameters, including soil organic carbon (SOC %), bulk density (BD), and soil organic carbon stock (SOCOrg). Surface soil (0-10 cm) exhibited the highest SOC (%) at both seaward (1.41±0.06) and landward (2.08±0.31) positions, with corresponding SOCOrg values (Mg C ha-1) of 18.05±1.711 and 22.367±2.35, respectively, indicating greater carbon accumulation at the landward site. Aboveground and belowground standing biomass carbon stocks were 357.00±33.09 Mg C ha-1 and 99.39±9.21 Mg C ha-1, respectively. This study provides insights into modulation of chlorophyll content and its implications for ecosystem productivity and carbon storage potential.
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