Family and Fraternal Relationships: Conceptions of Mothers, Siblings and Adolescents with Autism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Keywords:
autistim spectrum disorder, family relationships, siblings, motherhood, adolescents, adolescentesAbstract
This descriptive and exploratory study aimed to analyze the conceptions of mothers, siblings and adolescents with autism based on the family aspect, the maternal experience and the fraternal relationships. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 mothers (between 33 and 50 years old), 15 siblings with typical development (between four and 16 years old) and two adolescents with autism (aged 11 and 13 years old). The results were analyzed using content analysis, and the conceptions of process, person, context and time of the bioecological model were considered. The participants showed similar family conceptions. The mothers expressed the need to distinguish between typical and atypical motherhood. The siblings characterized their relationship experience as good, although those with autism prefer to play alone. It is expected to contribute to the implementation of interventions and public policies that consider the entire family and not just the person with autism.
Downloads
References
Agripino-Ramos, C. S., Lemos, E. L. M. D., & Salomão, N. M. R. (2019). School experiences and autism spectrum disorder: What do children say? Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial, 25(3), 453-468. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-65382519000300007
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., Text revision).
Bardin, L. (2016). Análise de conteúdo [Content analysis]. Edições 70.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723-742. https://rinaldipsych.synthasite.com/resources/Bronfenbrenner.pdf
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1996). A ecologia do desenvolvimento humano: Experimentos naturais e planejados [The ecology of human development: Natural and designed experiments]. Artes Médicas.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9(1), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00114
Cardoso, A. S., Leandro, M., Silva, M. L. B., Moré, C. L. O. O., & Bousfield, A. B. S. (2020). Representações sociais da família na contemporaneidade: Uma revisão integrativa [Social representations of the family in contemporary times: An integrative review]. Pensando Famílias, 24(1), 29-44. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/penf/v24n1/v24n1a04.pdf
Costa, T. M., & Pereira, A. P. S. (2019). The child with autism spectrum disorder: The perceptions of siblings. Support for Learning, 34(2), 193-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9604.12248
Dessen, M. A., & Ramos, P. C. C. (2010). Crianças pré-escolares e suas concepções de família [Preschool children and their conceptions of family]. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 20(47), 345-357. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-863X2010000300007
Faro, K. C. A., Santos, R. B., Bosa, C. A., Wagner, A., & Silva, S. S. C. (2019). Autismo e mães com e sem estresse: Análise da sobrecarga materna e do suporte familiar [Autism and mothers with and without stress: Analysis of maternal burden and familiar support]. Psico (Porto Alegre), 50(2), e30080. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2019.2.30080
Goldsmid, R., & Féres-Carneiro, T. (2011). Sibling relationships: Subjects’ constitution, and the establishment of social ties. Psicologia USP, 22(4), 771-788. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65642011005000031
Landim, I., Banaco, R. A., & Borsa, J. C. (2020). O que é família para você? Opinião de crianças sobre o conceito de família [What does family mean to you? Children’s view on the concept of the family]. Avances en Psicología Latino-americana, 38(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.7178
Lei No. 13.861. (2019, 18 de julho). Altera a Lei No. 7.853, de 24 de outubro de 1989, para incluir as especificidades inerentes ao transtorno do espectro autista nos censos demográficos [Amends Law No. 7,853, of October 24, 1989, to include the specificities inherent to autism spectrum disorder in demographic censuses]. https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2019/lei/l13861.htm
Lemos, E. L. M. D., & Salomão, N. M. R. (2022). Jovens com transtorno autista, suas mães e irmãos: Vivências familiares e modelo bioecológico [Young people with autistic disorder, their mothers and siblings: Family experiences and bioecological model]. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 38, e38312. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e38312.pt
Loureto, G. D. L., & Moreno S. I. R. (2016). As relações fraternas no contexto do Autismo: Um estudo descritivo [Fraternal relations in autistic context: A descriptive study]. Revista Psicopedagogia, 33(102), 307-318. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/psicoped/v33n102/09.pdf
Maenner, M. J., Shaw, K. A., Bakian, A. V., Bilder, D. A., Durkin, M. S., Esler, A., Furnier, S. M., Hallas, L., Hall-Lande, J., Hudson, A., Hughes, M. M., Patrick, M., Pierce, K., Poynter, J. N., Salinas, A., Shenouda, J., Vehorn, A., Warren, Z., Constantino, J. N., … Cogswell, M. E. et al. (2021). Prevalence and characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder among children aged 8 years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 sites, United States, 2018. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70(11), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7011a1
Melo, S. C., Lima, C. B., Barboza Netto, N., & Fernandes, J. C. M. (2023). The bioecology of autism: An analysis of reports on social issues that affect the development. Educação em Revista, 39, e39887. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-469839887
Moss, P., Eirinaki, V., Savage, S., & Howlin, P. (2019). Growing older with autism – the experiences of adult siblings of individuals with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63, 42-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.005
Petalas, M. A., Hastings, R. P., Nash, S., Hall, L. M., Joannidi, H., & Dowey, A. (2012). Psychological adjustment and sibling relationships in siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders: Environmental stressors and the broad autism phenotype. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 546-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.07.015
Portes, J. R. M., & Vieira, M. L. (2020). Coparenting in the family context of children with autism spectrum disorder. Psicologia Em Estudo, 25, e44897. https://doi.org/10.4025/psicolestud.v25i0.44897
Ribeiro, F. S., & Cruz, F. M. L. (2016). Crianças, contextos de escolas e suas representações sociais de família [Children, school contexts, and their social representations of Family]. Psicologia da Educação, 43, 81-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2175-3520.20160008
Riccioppo, M. R. P. L., Hueb, M. F. D., & Bellini, M. (2021). Meu filho é autista: Percepções e sentimentos maternos [My son is autistic: Maternal perceptions and feelings]. Revista da SPAGESP, 22(2), 132-146. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/rspagesp/v22n2/v22n2a11.pdf
Rum, Y., Zachor, D. A., Armony, Y., Daniel, E., & Dromi, E. (2024). Sibling relationships in families of autistic and typical children: Similarities and differences in the perspectives of siblings and mothers. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06222-0
Semensato, M. R., & Bosa, C. A. (2017). Crenças indicativas de resiliência parental no contexto do Autismo [Beliefs indicating parental resilience in the context of Autism]. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 33, e33416, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e33416
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Regarding the availability of contents, Paideia adopts the Creative Commons License, CC-BY. With this licence anyone is allowed to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as to remix, transform, and create from the material for any purpose, even commercial, giving the proper copyright credits to the journal, providing a link to the licence and indicating if changes have been made.
Partial reproduction of other publications
Quotations of more than 500 words, reproductions of one or more figures, tables or other illustrations must have written permission from the copyright holder of the original work for the reproduction specified in the Paidéia journal. Permission should be addressed to the author of the submitted manuscript. Secondarily obtained rights will not be transferred under any circumstance.