Evaluación del Conocimiento Emocional en Niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Resumen
Los niños con trastorno del espectro autista enfrentan desafíos en el reconocimiento y la comprensión de emociones, lo que afecta sus interacciones sociales. Este estudio investigó cómo las dificultades en el conocimiento emocional influyen en el comportamiento de los niños autistas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 36 niños de 8 a 13 años con diagnóstico de autismo leve a moderado. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron el Test de Conocimiento Emocional, el Child Behavior Checklist, las Matrices Progresivas de Raven y cuestionarios sociodemográficos, aplicados en sesiones individuales de 40 a 50 minutos. El análisis estadístico incluyó la correlación de Spearman y la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Los resultados mostraron que los niños autistas tuvieron mayor dificultad en la identificación de expresiones emocionales y una correlación inversa entre conocimiento emocional y problemas sociales y agresividad. Se concluye que intervenciones centradas en el desarrollo del conocimiento emocional pueden favorecer la adaptación social y reducir comportamientos problemáticos en niños con autismo.
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