Influência do clima e da altitude nas características térmicas de lagartos do gênero Anolis (Squamata: Dactyloidae) do centro e do sul do México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v25i1p51-83Palavras-chave:
Ecofisiologia, Temperaturas corporais, Temperaturas críticas, Temperaturas selecionadas, Termorregulação, Variáveis climáticasResumo
A temperatura ambiental é um fator abiótico fundamental que influencia os padrões de distribuição Squamata. O gênero de lagartos Anolis é composto por aproximadamente 400 espécies, das quais 60 ocorrem no México e estão distribuídas em florestas tropicais, habitats de altas montanhas e regiões semiáridas. Neste estudo, documentamos as temperaturas corporais (Tb), temperaturas selecionadas (Tsel) e tolerâncias térmicas (CTmin e CTmax) de 17 espécies mexicanas de Anolis de diferentes tipos de habitat. Além disso, determinamos se existem diferenças nos padrões térmicos entre populações, espécies, tamanhos, sexos e estações do ano. Por fim, estimamos se Tb e Tsel podem ser explicadas por variáveis climáticas e altitude por meio de análises de regressão utilizando modelos lineares mistos generalizados (GLMM). Observamos diferenças em Tsel e CTmax no nível populacional, enquanto CTmin aparentemente é independente do habitat. Verificamos que a elevação, a precipitação e o tamanho corporal explicam a variação em Tb. A Tsel esteve associada à elevação, à temperatura mínima do mês mais frio e à precipitação; a CTmin à precipitação; e a CTmax à temperatura média anual, à temperatura mínima do mês mais frio e à temperatura máxima do mês mais quente. Nossos resultados destacam a importância de considerar tanto as adaptações específicas das espécies como a variação ambiental ao avaliar a ecologia térmica dos lagartos Anolis, especialmente diante das mudanças climáticas em curso.
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