Impact of preferred music on angular kinematics during running in recreational runners: a functional analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.2026e40241914Keywords:
Three-dimensional analysis, Biomechanics, Aerobic exercise, Physical performance, Song, SoundAbstract
This study investigated the influence of music on the three-dimensional angular kinematics of the hip, knee, and ankle during treadmill running in recreational runners, using Functional Data Analysis. Sixteen recreational runners (eight men and eight women) completed two 30-minute treadmill running sessions at 10 km/h, with and without music, in a randomized order. Ten consecutive cycles per participant were analyzed for each condition from three-dimensional kinematic data (240 Hz) processed using B-spline functions. Functional t-tests (α = 0.05) were applied to compare curves between conditions. No significant differences were found between conditions for the hip and knee joints, or for the ankle in the sagittal and transverse planes. However, in the frontal plane, the music condition showed greater ankle eversion in specific portions of the gait cycle, particularly during the stance phase. These results indicate that music exerts a localized influence on running biomechanics, increasing ankle eversion in the frontal plane without altering the global kinematics of the lower limbs. Therefore, music may be used as a motivational resource by recreational runners without compromising running technique at moderate intensity, although caution is advised for individuals with a history of ankle instability.
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