Nutrition risk stratification and metabolic disorders in patients on parenteral nutrition

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between metabolic disorders and death in patients receiving Parenteral Nutrition (PN), according to a proposal for stratification into nutri­tional risk groups, using the Nutritional Risk Screening, 2002 (NRS-2002). Method: A cohort with 84 patients receiving PN, with an NRS-2002 score of ≥3, classified into two subgroups: moderate risk (NRS 3-4) and severe risk (NRS 5-7). Secondary data from medical and nutritional records were used. The outcome variable was “presence of metabolic disorders and death”; and exposures: moderate and severe nutritional risk. Descriptive, bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were performed. Results: No difference was observed between the groups in terms of death. The adjusted RR (95% CI) for sodium disorders was 4.88 (1.5–16.2) (p = 0.009), and for magnesium disorders, 7.58 (2.33–24.6) (p = 0.001), being higher in the severe risk group. Conclusion: The stratification of the nutritional risk range into moderate and severe risk was able to identify patients at higher risk of developing metabolic disorders, especially sodium and magnesium ones.