Revista de História (RH) is an evaluation journal QUALIS A1 (History/Interdisciplinary) that publishes articles in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French - unpublished or translated originals - reviews, interviews with historians and critical editions of documentary sources. It also publishes texts from other areas of humanities. It therefore intends to contribute to the qualified debate in the historiographical scope directed to a wider public, in addition to serving as a means of disseminating Brazilian university production.
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos: Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (CC BY). Esta licença permite que outros distribuam, remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais, desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original. É a licença mais flexível de todas as licenças disponíveis. É recomendada para maximizar a disseminação e uso dos materiais licenciados. Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista. Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
Circuitos do impresso e disputas político-religiosas durante a Revolução Inglesa
Resenha do livro: LIMA, Verônica Calsoni. Revolução em papel e tinta: livros e panfletos radicais durante a Revolução Inglesa (1640-1660). Curitiba: Editora UFPR, 2024. 382p. A resenha apresenta e avalia Revolução em papel e tinta: livros e panfletos radicais durante a Revolução Inglesa (1640–1660), de Verônica Calsoni Lima (Editora UFPR, 2024). Amparado em ampla pesquisa em repositórios digitais e acervos britânicos, o volume reconstitui a trajetória da livraria Crown, em Londres, entre 1632 e 1665, mostrando como seu catálogo se reorientou em diferentes momentos do processo revolucionário e como seus administradores ajustaram estratégias e alianças diante das inflexões do período — da Guerra Civil à clandestinidade e à repressão na Restauração. Nesse percurso, a Crown aparece progressivamente alinhada a redes e projetos radicais, em especial ao pentamonarquismo, articulando a circulação de impressos a uma agenda republicana empenhada em disputar os rumos da Revolução Inglesa e intervir no debate público. A resenha sublinha a força metodológica do estudo ao realizar uma história social dos trabalhadores do impresso, reconstruir as redes de sociabilidade do circuito editorial (autores, tradutores, editores, impressores e livreiros) e analisar a materialidade e paratextos dos impressos, evidenciando como formato, autoria e anonimato, e as estratégias editoriais que os acompanhavam eram suficientemente capazes de dar credibilidade e exposição aos textos, mas também de alavancar os riscos de seus agentes serem ou não enquadrados como sediciosos. Em síntese, destaca-se a proposta central do livro: livros e panfletos radicais foram instrumentos ativos de disputa na Inglaterra revolucionária, cuja potência política dependia das condições materiais e institucionais de produção, controle e circulação.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mariana Stefanny Moisés Duzzi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Populism and trabalhismo in Brazilian historiography: a necessary reconciliation based on the speeches of Getúlio Vargas (1930-1954)
This article proposes a reinterpretation of Getúlio Vargas’s trabalhismo, mobilizing the analytical tools of the social sciences around populism. Populism is treated here as a discursive language of politics, defined by its strong Manichaean traits, thus incorporating ideological elements and worldviews capable of mobilizing individuals and influencing their electoral preferences. The analysis of 278 official statements by Vargas between 1930 and 1954 shows that labor movement coexisted with populism, with the former being more predominant, and their overlap almost nonexistent. When Vargas spoke to workers, the populist element always emerged as a minority. In summary, the article reveals the advantage of recovering the notion of populism for a better understanding of trabalhismo, rather than rejecting it as an analytical category.
Copyright (c) 2026 Paolo Ricci, Gustavo Venturelli, Jaqueline Porto Zulini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Neoliberalism and Bolsa Família: a theoretical approach
Neoliberalism remains a central yet contested and often contradictory political concept. While some scholars employ it as a framework to explain virtually all contemporary phenomena, others reject its analytical utility altogether. This article engages with this debate through an ideological analysis of Brazil’s Bolsa Família program (PBF), demonstrating how such an approach clarifies the real-world manifestations of neoliberalism while addressing conceptual ambiguities and misapplications. First, the study contends that an ideological approach transcends the examination of isolated ideas, by emphasizing the dynamic interplay and conceptual rearticulation between competing ideologies. Next, it analyses the PBF, situating the program within Brazil’s historical context, and the Workers’ Party (PT) and Lula’s political ideas and policies. The analysis reveals that while the PBF drew partial inspiration from neoliberal premises, its implementation was rooted in a distinct ideological foundation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lenon Campos Maschette https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Improvement clauses and property management: the emprazamento contracts of the urban properties of the Cathedral Chapter of Braga between 1465 and 1510
This article analyses the lease agreements for urban properties belonging to the Cathedral Chapter of Braga between 1465 and 1510, with particular emphasis on the improvement clauses included in the emphyteutic leases (emprazamentos). Based on a systematic analysis of the four Livros de Prazos das Propriedades do Cabido da Sé de Braga, preserved in the Braga District Archive, this study investigates how the chapter administered, valued and rationalised urban and peri-urban patrimony in the second half of the 15th century. The documentary corpus, composed mainly of houses and pardieiros (dilapidated buildings), reveals the contractual mechanisms for the management, conservation and profitability of the properties. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the study proposes an interpretative model capable of capturing the juridical and institutional dimension of these practices, emphasising the role of the Livros de Prazos as instruments for the maintenance, valorisation and management of capitular patrimony in the context of Portugal’s transition to late medieval modernity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thiago Tolfo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tropical Minamata: mercury, gold mining and ecology in the Brazilian Amazon (1985-2000)
From the 1980s onward, researchers from Rio de Janeiro traveled to Rondônia to investigate the impacts of mercury used in gold mining. The initial study gave rise to a long-term research program with international support, shaped by local socio-environmental demands. Concerns about mercury contamination evoked the Minamata case in Japan. Between 1980 and 2000, the region became central to understanding the role of mercury and other pollutants in global ecological transformations. The Amazonian specificity required methodological adaptations, leading to the formation of a diverse group of researchers. The entanglement of scientists, agencies, and miners revealed disputes that repositioned the environmental debate and connected the tropical to the planetary.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jorge Tibilletti de Lara, André Felipe Cândido da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Making them laugh in war: the humor os the fictitious advertisements in the trench newspaper The Wipers Times (1914-1918)
In this paper, I examine the humor of the fictitious advertisements published in The Wipers Times, a British trench newspaper that circulated in Ypres, on the Western Front, between February 1916 and December 1918, during the First World War. The research analyzed 157 advertisements published across the paper’s 23 issues, organized under two categories: Offers and Referents. This classification made it possible to understand how those fake – though not deceitful – ads mobilized the precariousness of trench life as central element of a humor that sought to turn the harsh reality of war into parody. By constructing absurd situations as a means of eliciting laughter—without denying or erasing the brutal and concrete experience of war—these texts can be interpreted considering incongruity theory, insofar as their comic effects emerge from the contrast between the language of advertising and the extreme realities of wartime life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bruno Leal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Status and Identity of the Egyptian Immigrants at Athens in the fifth and fourth Centuries BCE
Although Egyptian sources provide limited evidence of Egyptians’ activities overseas, particularly before the Hellenistic period, epigraphic evidence from Greek lands has produced a substantial amount of evidence which sheds light on their professions, destination, social status, and, in some cases, cities of origin. This evidence provides an opportunity to examine the motives underlying immigration from Egypt during the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, as well as the reasons why the city of Athens chose to receive them. Comparing the epigraphic evidence with ostraca and papyri from Egypt, together with accounts by classical authors, helps clarify these questions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hanan Ismail https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Vetores de memória: o ensino de história, os bandeirantes e o comércio monçoeiro eclipsado
O objetivo desta resenha é analisar o livro recém-publicado de Maria Aparecida de Menezes Borrego, Dimensões materiais e memoriais do passado colonial paulista (2025), lançado em formato digital pelo Museu Paulista/USP. A resenha analisa o conceito de “vetores de memória” e a exaltação do mito do bandeirante, em detrimento das ações dos comerciantes monçoeiros paulistas, durante os setecentos. De acordo com a autora, as principais mudanças materiais de São Paulo foram responsabilidade dos comerciantes, sendo que esse empreendimento foi eclipsado por um projeto republicano de valorização dos bandeirantes. A resenha percorre toda a obra e destaca as principais contribuições do estudo, uma vez em que a autora também demonstrou os meandros e as complexidades de variados agentes sociais do império português. A nossa análise ainda estabelece um diálogo com o ensino de História e com algumas questões do Brasil contemporâneo.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcus Vinícius de Morais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Uruguay's participation in the second International Conference of the Hague in 1907: between José Batlle y Ordóñez and Rui Barbosa
This article examines Uruguay’s participation in the Second Hague Peace Conference (1907), led by José Batlle y Ordóñez. It analyzes the role of the Uruguayan delegation within an international context marked by growing tensions that preceded the First World War. The study highlights Uruguay’s arbitration proposal as a contribution to the development of international law and the promotion of the peaceful settlement of disputes. It also explores the actions of the principal Uruguayan delegates and the process through which this initiative was developed, taking into account national, regional, and international factors. The article contributes to the literature on the Conference and on Uruguay’s tradition of promoting peace and international arbitration.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gerardo Caetano, Nastasia Barceló https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A posthuman Ireland? New Materialism and its applications in colonial history.
“Irish Materialisms: The Nonhuman and the Making of Colonial Ireland, 1690-1830”, written by Coleen Taylor, aims to apply the principles of New Materialism to history – specifically, Irish history during the long 18th century. Taylor weaves a narrative of the consolidation of the British colony in Ireland from the point of view of five non-human agents (or actants): metal, flax, spinning wheels, mud, and pigs. The author argues that, beyond their role in the colonial economy, these elements constituted affordances (according to James Gibson’s definition) which induced the formation of ideas, creative expressions and social relations in Ireland during the period. This review comments Taylor’s theoretical framework in light of historical epistemology and compare some of her conclusions with the historical context of pre-modern Ireland.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vinicius Marino Carvalho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Robert Darnton and the Anatomy of Literary Life in Enlightenment France
Review of: DARNTON, Robert. The Writer’s Lot: Culture and Revolution in Eighteenth-Century France. Cambridge, USA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2025, 240 pp.
Copyright (c) 2026 Carla Mary S. Oliveira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The military and politics in the 1964 coup: the construction of "Poder Moderador" theory at the Escola Superior de Guerra
The article discusses the ways in wich the interpretation of the Military as a Poder Moderador was organized at the Escola Superior de Guerra (ESG), becoming essential for the contribution that institution would make to the articulations for the 1964 Coup. Through the insertion of the ESG in a transnational history of the Cold War, it seeks to clarify the analytical references and political agenda that, in the late of 1950’s and early of 1960’s, marked the coup plot of Armed Forces: a plot that had, in the idea of military as Poder Moderador, central element.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thiago Amado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Hellenistic World through the lens of the Esagila priests: the evolution of geographical referents in Babylonian historical texts (4th–2nd centuries BCE)
This article investigates how the integration of Babylon into the Hellenistic world reshaped the worldview of the learned priests of the Esagila temple, the city’s principal institution. Drawing on a Global History perspective and the concept of globality consciousness, it examines how geographical knowledge was articulated in the writings of these temple scholars. Methodologically, the study identifies and categorizes toponyms attested in the historical-literary texts produced within this scholarly milieu. The article is structured into four sections. The first outlines the political context of Hellenistic Babylon. The second discusses the theoretical and methodological framework as well as the sources. The third classifies the toponyms and analyzes their dynamics, with particular attention to the enigmatic reference to the land of Ḫana. The final section reconstructs the main channels of information that enabled such dynamics. The central argument is that Babylon’s incorporation into the Hellenistic world brought about both an expansion and a clearer definition of the priests’ geographical horizons, while the millennia-old toponyms of the local scholarly tradition continued to shape their understanding of Hellenistic geopolitics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Santiago Colombo Reghin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Conquest, domination, and governance: The acquisition, exercise, and justification of political power in colonial Indigenous histories and cosmologies of the Central Andes
This article analyses colonial indigenous historical sources from the Central Andes to highlight, articulate, and interpret actions linked to the production, exercise, and justification of political power. Specifically, it analyses what are the pre-incaic and incaic actions related to conquering, dominating, and governing present in the writings of two indigenous people of the beginning of the beginning of the colonial period: Joan de Santa Cruz Pachacuti Yamqui Salcamaygua, author of the Relación de antigüedades deste reino del Pirú, and Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala, author of the Nueva corónica y buen gobierno. The analyses resulted in a set of actions-verbs that shows the repertoire that these texts present as closely linked to the production and exercise of political power. It is argued that a significant portion of these verb-actions is incompatible with the prevailing theoretical framework in studies of Inca and pre-Inca sociopolitical organizations, which has recently been termed the sacrificial sociocosmic regime. Conversely, this same set of action-verbs would be compatible with the theoretical framework that has been termed animistic or shamanic sociocosmic regime, employed in recent decades to analyse the sociopolitical organizations and thought of the indigenous peoples of the South American Lowlands.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eduardo Natalino dos Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The public dimension of reason of State. From Giovanni Botero to Paolo Sarpi and Ludovico Zuccolo (1589-1623)
This article will examine the connections that Paolo Sarpi and Ludovico Zuccolo established between reason of state and the public sphere through their writings produced over almost two decades. The public sphere will be examined from two distinct perspectives. Firstly, as a secular and autonomous institutional order, distinct from both ecclesiastical power and the private sphere or household administration. This entailed a critical reception and adaptation of Giovanni Botero’s Della Ragion di Stato (1589) to the legal and institutional reality of the Venetian Republic. Secondly, attention will be paid to the association between reason of state and arcana imperii, in relation to the need to disseminate news and government resolutions amidst the circulation of defamatory pamphlets that undermined the reputation of the Venetian republic in challenging international circumstances, such as the Interdict of 1606-7 and the Thirty Years’ War (1618-48). These circumstances prompt consideration of the potential advantages of mobilising wider sectors of the population excluded from the traditional mechanisms of political participation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Silvina Paula Vidal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Prelude of the Thornton Expedition to Brazil: the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the English Atlantic Experience (1574-1609)
This article seeks to elucidate the key elements that led to Robert Thornton’s expedition to Brazil. Organised by Robert Dudley, the expedition departed from the port of Livorno in 1608 and returned the following year, shortly after Grand Duke Ferdinando I de’ Medici’s (r. 1587–1609) death in February. It was the most significant colonial venture undertaken by the Tuscan state. The study aims to move beyond interpreting the expedition solely as a commercial or colonial endeavour of Ferdinando’s. Instead, it is contextualised within the broader political, social, and economic dynamics that had shaped Tuscany since the reign of his brother, Francesco I (r. 1574–1587). Furthermore, it singles out key diplomatic dimensions and the circulation of information, as well as the experiences of English individuals residing in the Grand Duchy – all of which are essential to understanding the expedition’s inception.
Copyright (c) 2025 João Gabriel Covolan Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Plural Modernities, Global Histories:: ARAÚJO, André de Melo LIMA, Luís Filipe Silvério, DORÉ, Andréa, RIBEIRO MACHEL, Marília de Azambuja, RODRIGUES, Rui Luis (org.). A Época Moderna. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2024.
This review critically examines the volume A Época Moderna, organized by André de Melo Araújo, Luís Filipe Silvério Lima, Andréa Doré, Marília de Azambuja Ribeiro Machel, and Rui Luis Rodrigues, published in 2024 by Editora Vozes. Resulting from the collective work of researchers affiliated with the Brazilian Network of Early Modern History Studies (h_moderna), the book offers a reinterpretation of the Early Modern Period (15th to 18th centuries) through a critical, global, and non-Eurocentric historiographical lens. Structured in four sections — structural aspects, global spaces and circulations, cultural transformations, and conflicts and revolutions — the collection connects classical historiographical themes with renewed approaches, incorporating historically marginalized subjects, transcontinental networks, and a plurality of historical experiences. The review highlights the book’s main strengths, especially its commitment to challenging teleological narratives and European centrality, as well as its emphasis on alternative practices and epistemologies. Particularly noteworthy are the chapters on Atlantic and Indian Ocean circulations, Islamic and Asian modernities, critiques of Renaissance humanism and the Enlightenment, and the Atlantic revolutions, all of which contribute significantly to renewing the field of Early Modern History in Brazil. Nonetheless, the review also points out relevant limitations, such as the recurring European focus in some sections, the lack of a more systematic intersectional approach, and uneven empirical and theoretical depth across chapters. Despite these issues, the collection proves to be a valuable resource for both higher education and teacher training, as it combines historiographical and methodological updates with pedagogical concerns. By challenging traditional foundations of modern historiography, A Época Moderna establishes itself as a key reference for rethinking the foundations and multiple expressions of modernity on a global scale.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fabiano Bracht https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
História dos conceitos e modernidade ibero-americana: mudanças, experiência e expectativas
Resenha do livro: FERNÁNDEZ SEBASTIÁN, Javier. História Conceitual no Atlântico Ibérico: linguagens, tempo e revoluções. Tradução Alessandra Gonzales de Carvalho Seixlack, Priscila Sobrinho de Oliveira. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. PUC- Rio; São Paulo: Editora Hucitec, 2023. O livro oferece uma síntese das principais problemáticas da história conceitual apresentando sua aplicação para o caso das sociedades ibero-americanas do final do século XVIII e início do XIX.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eduardo Teixeira de Carvalho Junior https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The memory of Crisis in the Middle Ages: an introduction
This introductory article to the dossier The Memory of Crises in the Middle Ages examines the concept of crisis, focusing on its historiographical and literary remembrance. It examines how crises, such as famines, epidemics and natural disasters, were recorded, interpreted and transmitted in medieval sources. The crisis is presented as an intellectual and historiographical construct, that evolved according to social and political contexts. The article also explores the memory of solutions to crises, and the role of visual and written sources in the shaping this memory. Finally, the article critiques the modern use of the concept of crisis in the analysis of medieval sources, emphasizing the need for an interdisciplinary approach.
Dossier: The memory of Crisis in the Middle Ages
Copyright (c) 2025 Marcelo Cândido, Alexis Wilkin, Pere Benito Monclús, Dominique Castex https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
How to name twenty-first century far right: historiography and politics of time
The electoral victories of Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro have sparked a broad debate on how to define the groups aligned with the right-wing spectrum in the 21st century. In this debate, the different concepts formulated to characterize the phenomenon are linked to a temporal dimension that marks the novelty or recurrence of right-wing behaviors and political positions. In this sense, based on a bibliographical analysis, this article aims to investigate how the concepts of populism, wannabe fascists, post-fascism, new right and extreme right 2.0, in understanding the right in the 21st century, produce certain politics of time. In doing so, we will demonstrate that, rather than delimiting an object, these debates also unfold in a definition of the limits of the present and the past.
Marcus Vinícius Furtado da Silva Oliveira
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcus Vinícius Furtado da Silva Oliveira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“Under the light of this flag, the building of our future”: the newspaper Paládio, politics and local elites of Itacoatiara – AM (1908 – 1911)
The context of journalism, both in the Amazon region and in the broader national scenario, at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, is one of unprecedented expansion in newspaper production, coinciding with a period of urbanization and economic growth in Brazil. The Amazon region, within this context, underwent a boom driven by rubber exploitation and population growth. This article aims to understand the activities of journalism in areas outside the Amazonian capital, Manaus, focusing on the periodicity of Paládio, a newspaper from the city of Itacoatiara. Thus, observing press activities in the interior allows for the perception of political movements and the articulations of literate groups in smaller urban spaces, which nevertheless developed their own dynamics and particular power and domination relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gabriel Cruz Carneiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Behind the scenes of a workers' newspaper: the challenges of production and circulation of the anarchist press in São Paulo (1901-1935)
This article aims to examine some of the key anarchist periodicals published in the city of São Paulo between 1901 and 1935. The analysis focuses on three main aspects: graphic design (layout), administration (funding and printing), and circulation (distribution networks). Additionally, it explores the role of their creators—referred to here as worker-journalists—in the production of these print materials, highlighting the contentious relationship between these publications and the commercial press. Ultimately, the study seeks to demonstrate that São Paulo’s anarchist press succeeded in developing a unique journalistic framework, whose common features reflect the mobilization of libertarian sympathizers to share experiences and ideals—all driven by the pursuit of a more just, borderless, and egalitarian world.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lucas Thiago Rodarte Alvarenga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Virtude e retórica: Quentin Skinner entre Maquiavel e Milton
Resenha do Livro: SKINNER, Quentin. Visões da Política, Virtudes da Renascença. São Paulo: Edusp, 2024. A resenha analisa o livro Visões da Política: Virtudes da Renascença, de Quentin Skinner (Edusp, 2024), como uma intervenção decisiva no estudo da história do pensamento político, especialmente no que diz respeito à tradição republicana do Renascimento. Partindo de sua metodologia contextualista, Skinner examina como autores como Maquiavel, Thomas More, John Milton e Ambrogio Lorenzetti articularam a liberdade política à virtude cívica, entendida não como valor moral abstrato, mas como prática pública e discursiva. A liberdade, em sua concepção, não é simplesmente ausência de interferência, mas ausência de dominação, exigindo ação constante e linguagem vigilante.
Copyright (c) 2026 Luiz Armando Bagolin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Friedrich Wilhelm Marcellino (c.1830-75), the enslaved Brazilian who promoted the definitive abolition of slavery in Prussia in 1857
Marcellino, an enslaved Brazilian, played a crucial role in the definitive abolition of slavery in Prussia in 1857. When he and his then master, the physician Luiz Ritter, arrived in Berlin from Rio de Janeiro in 1854, the law still allowed a foreigner to retain ownership of an enslaved person during a temporary stay in Prussia. As soon as he arrived in Berlin, Marcellino abandoned his master and fought for his formal liberation in the courtroom. He lost the case in three instances but maintained his freedom. His sensational lawsuit sparked a public debate that, in 1857, resulted in a law that irreversibly abolished all forms of slavery in Prussia. This article addresses Marcellino’s cause célèbre in the historical context of the presence of Africans and people of African descent in German-speaking territories from the 17th to the 19th centuries.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gerhard Seibert https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Settlers, contractors, and partners in coffee farming in southwest Minas Gerais: labor organization in Guaxupé, Muzambinho, and Guaranésia (1869-1930)
From the final decades of the 19th century onward, there was a significant expansion of coffee plantations in the southwestern region of Minas Gerais. Properties that had previously been integrated into internal supply networks, producing food and raising livestock, quickly transformed into important coffee-growing hubs. In this article, we examine the labor systems employed in the productive units of the region—specifically in the municipalities of Guaxupé, Guaranésia, and Muzambinho—between 1869 and 1930. In the first part of the study, using notarized deeds related to the establishment and management of coffee plantations, we identify the labor arrangements implemented. In the second part, we narrow the scale of observation and analyze labor relations, particularly sharecropping, on one of the region’s main estates—Fazenda Nova Floresta.
Copyright (c) 2025 João Lucas Rodrigues, Marcelo Magalhães Godoy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Between utopia and opposition to absolutism: Sparta’s presence on 17th century English and French literature and political thought
Sparta was a paradigm in both Antiquity and Modernity, exerting a powerful influence on Western thought and culture. In this article, we focus on the use, appropriation and instrumentalization that was made of ancient Sparta in literature and political thought in England and France in the 17th century, especially in England during the Republican period. We observe that, on the one hand, Sparta was invoked as a model and reference by opponents of monarchical absolutism; on the other hand, it served as inspiration for the construction of utopias, idyllic and timeless societies where equality and virtue prevailed among citizens.
Copyright (c) 2025 César Fornis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“The times of long ago, never to return”: the narrative of the history of Yao people by Yohanna Abdallah (1919)
This article aims to discuss the African priest Yohanna Abdallah (c.1870-1924) and his publication The Yaos: Chiikala cha Wayao (1919), which addresses the customs, traditions, and history of his own people, the Yao people. A new perspective of this text one that considers the author’s trajectory, and context can provide an interpretation of the construction of his proposed historical narrative. The elements chosen by him to describe the history of the Yao people, contribute to shaping a specific identity of his people. In this way, the objective of this study is to discuss Abdallah’s narrative about the “true Yao”, Examining how the author constructs an identity grounded in his own context during the imposition of colonialism rule in Mozambique at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century.
Transatlantic flows: the role of Brazilian sugar in shaping Hamburg’s Portuguese-Jewish community, seventeenth century
This article portrays the development of the Portuguese-Jewish community in Hamburg from its origins at the end of the sixteenth century to its decline a century later. It argues that its cultural and religious life was closely linked to the trading cycles of sugar produced in Brazil. To examine the concrete personal and economic connections that existed between the Hanseatic city and northeastern Brazil, it uses biographical, notarial and customs sources. In dialogue with some of the most recent historiographical productions, it defends the contingent character of the economic success of the Portuguese Jews in the Atlantic diaspora.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jorun Poettering https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The worlds of Amerindian slavery and the multidirectional gradient of labor modalities in the Americas in the Early Modern Period
The article discusses the variety of forms of enslavement of Amerindian peoples in the Modern Period, emphasizing the analytical potential of their study to complexify the concept of slavery itself. With this objective, the authors propose the allegory of a multidirectional gradient of forms of slavery, which, in turn, both fits into and unfolds within a broader multidirectional gradient of labor modalities. Two particular phenomena (“de condição” and “a la usanza” slavery) – geographically distant, but both part of the same historical context (mid-seventeenth century southern Chile and Portuguese Amazonia respectively) – serve as a testing ground and demonstration of the proposal.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gustavo Velloso, Carlos Alberto de Moura Ribeiro Zeron https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
1945 - 1964: Democracy under constant dispute
The article presents an analysis that diverges from the prevailing interpretation of the democracy that existed during the Republic of 1946. By investigating the disputes within civil society and considering the political activity of sectors underrepresented in governmental institutions, the study demonstrates that the period was not characterized by the consolidation of the democratic regime, but rather by a constant struggle over the definition of the scope of democracy that should prevail in Brazil. In addition to addressing the link between the turbulent democratization process and the conflict that occurred during the period between dictatorships, the study engages in the debate on the causes of the 1964 coup, offering new arguments to complement the thesis that the Civil-Military Coup aimed to prevent the transition to a democracy with broader participation.
Copyright (c) 2025 David Ricardo Sousa Ribeiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0