Antenal hydronephrosis

Abstract

Genitourinary anomalies can be detected in the antenatal period with incidence of 0.5 a 1% in gestational population; 20 a 30% of these anomalies involve the urinary tract. Hydronephrosis is the most frequent urinary tract anomaly followed by cystic anomalies. Currently, technical advances of high-resolution ultrasound identify, in a non-invasive way, the gestational anatomy. The evaluation of the urinary tract, by means of complementary examinations: precocious abdominal and pelvic ultrasound (US), laboratory analysis, functional evaluation (DTPA99 -glomerular function; DMSA99 -tubular function and MAG99 -MAG-3), voiding cystourethrography and others if necessary. Conclusion - Every pregnant woman should undergo at least one morphological ultrasound examination carried out in satisfactory conditions and by qualified professional during the prenatal follow-up to identify possible malformations of the fetus. Following a pre-established roadmap of complementary examinations, it is possible to treat the pathology safely, allowing the newborn to receive hospital discharge in good condition, with a mandatory multidisciplinary outpatient follow-up with pediatric, nephrologist and pediatric urologist’s consultations.