Prevalência de transtornos do humor e ansiedade em pessoas com epilepsia: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v103i4e-226358Palavras-chave:
Transtornos da Ansiedade, Prevalência, Epilepsia, Transtornos do HumorResumo
Introdução: A epilepsia é reconhecida como um grupo de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que têm em comum crises epilépticas recorrentes e está associada a maior predisposição a comorbidades psiquiátricas. Embora os transtornos de humor e de ansiedade ocorram frequentemente em pessoas com epilepsia e prejudiquem a qualidade de vida e os resultados do tratamento, os estudos atuais para investigar essas comorbidades permanecem com resultados insatisfatórios para a população com epilepsia nos países em desenvolvimento. Objetivos: Descrever a frequência dos transtornos de humor e ansiedade e as características clínicas e sociodemográficas de pessoas com epilepsia que apresentam esses transtornos. Métodos: Revisão de literatura nas bases de dados EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Pubmed e Scielo. Foram incluídos estudos transversais publicados nos últimos 5 anos, nos idiomas português e inglês, que avaliaram comorbidades em indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais com diagnóstico de epilepsia atendendo aos critérios da Liga Internacional Contra a Epilepsia. Resultados: Nossa busca rastreou 3.054 artigos, dos quais 3.047 foram excluídos por publicação duplicada e por serem incompatíveis com o tema devido a critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados encontrados para diagnósticos psiquiátricos variaram de 18% a 52,6% para prevalência de transtornos de humor e de 6,5% a 33,4% para transtornos de ansiedade. Conclusão: Esta revisão encontrou maior prevalência de transtornos de humor e ansiedade em pessoas com epilepsia. Dessa forma, os médicos responsáveis pelo tratamento de pessoas com epilepsia devem estar atentos ao aumento das chances de transtornos de humor e ansiedade nesta população, a fim de realizar uma abordagem adequada a estes pacientes.
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