Surgical skills training for medical students – role of simulation

Abstract

The use of simulation for surgical technical skill training is receiving growing attention in both undergraduation and post graduation medical education. New developments in educational process and pedagogical platforms contribute to medical education, reducing the use of live animals and increasing the use of non biological material and electronic devices, constitutes of simulation laboratories. Simulation labs promote the use of these new technologies and educational concepts in benefit of surgical education increasing its scope to include knowledge assessment, decision making, processes, risk evaluation, team communication, cost analysis and managing. All these methodologies improve competence-based learning. Simulation models include simple plastic or rubber ones, till high fidelity manikins with electronic components; ambiance may offer simulation of operating rooms, ambulatories and infirmaries; and actors may play the role of patients, family members and team workers. Components and sophistication of these labs must consider educational objectives according of each institution and different curricula. Use of animal models should be considered in specific and more complex training situations, always considering the respect and ethics of animal use.