Nutritional status of elderly residents in the municipalities of the Regional Healthcare Administration of Uberaba
a cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v98i5p290-297Keywords:
Nutritional status, Aged, Health services for the aged, Health of the elderlyAbstract
Objective: to evaluate the nutritional status of elderly residents in the municipalities of the Regional Healthcare Administration of Uberaba. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted with individuals with ≥ 60 years of age, residing in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The distributions were calculated relative and absolute frequencies of the variables studied. The differences found between the prevalence of nutritional status and components of MNA according to sex were tested using the Chi-square statistic. Results: It is analyzed 3,101 elderly. The prevalence of malnutrition among seniors was 1.7% and 27.8% risk of malnutrition. Observed statistically significant differences in nutritional status between the sexes, particularly in relation to the risk of malnutrition, being 24.4% in men and 29.9% in women. In the diagnosis of nutritional status among the elderly, malnourished and those at risk of malnutrition, reducing the calf girth, weight loss, decreased food intake and the consumption of fruit and vegetables not presented higher percentages. The elderly, malnourished, in both sexes, showed worse health, anthropometric parameters and self-evaluation in the perception of health and nutritional status when compared with elderly people at risk of malnutrition. Conclusion: The high deficit of nutritional status, malnutrition and risk of malnutrition observed in elderly residents in the community of the municipalities evaluated, demonstrates a public health problem. It is hoped that the findings of this study will draw the attention of sectors that work with the integral health of the elderly.
Downloads
References
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Help Age International. Ageing in the twenty-first century: a celebration and a challenge. New York; 2012 [cited 2015 July 04]. Available from: http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Ageing%20report.pdf/Acesso: 04 Jul. 2015.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Censo demográfico (2010). IBGE; 2010 [citado nov. 2012]. Disponível em: http://www.censo2010.ibge.gov.br/sinopse/webservice/.
Rolls BJ. Do chemosensory changes influence food intake in the elderly? Physiol Behav 1999; 66(2):193–7.
Freitas AF, Prado MA, Cação JC, Beretta D. Sarcopenia e estado nutricional de idosos: uma revisão da literatura. Arq Ciên Saúde. 2015;22(1):9-13. doi: 10.17696/2318-3691.22.1.2015.19.
Campos ACV, Ferreira EF, Vargas AMD, Albala C. Aging, Gender and Quality of Life (AGEQOL) study: factors associated with good quality of life. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014;12(166):1-11. doi: 10.1186/s12955-014-0166-4.
Palgi Y, Shrira A, Zaslavsky O. Quality of life attenuates age-related decline in functional status of older adults. Qual Life Res. 2015;24:1835-43. doi 10.1007/s11136-015-0918-6.
Aliabadi M, Kimiagar M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, et al. Prevalence of malnutrition in free living elderly people in Iran: a cross-sectional study. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):285-9. Available from: http://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/17/2/285.pdf.
Boulos C, Salameh P, Barberger-Gateau P. Factors associated with poor nutritional status among community dwelling Lebanese elderly subjects living in rural areas: results of the AMEL study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(5):487-94. doi: 10.1007/s12603-013-0436-6.
Ferreira LS, Amaral TF, Marucci, MFN, Nascimento LFC, Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO. Undernutrition as a major risk factor for death among older Brazilian adults in the community-dwelling setting: SABE survey. Nutrition. 2011;27(10):1017-22. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.11.008.
Boulos C, Salameh P, Barberger-Gateau P. The AMEL study, a cross sectional population-based survey on aging and malnutrition in 1200 elderly Lebanese living in rural settings: protocol and sample characteristic. BMC Public Health. 2013;573:2-13. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-573.
Guigoz Y, Lauque S, Vellas BJ. Identifying the elderly at risk for malnutrition the mini nutritional assessment. Clin Geriatr Med. 2002;18(4):737-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0690(02)00059-9.
Barone L, Milosavljevic M, Gazibarich B. Assessing the older person: Is the MNA a more appropriate nutritional assessment tool than the SGA? J Nutr Health Aging. 2003;7(1):13-7.
Folstein MF, Folstein SE, Mchugh, PR. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
Bertolucci PHF, Brucki SMD, Campacci SR, et al. O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental em uma população geral: impacto da escolaridade. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr. 1994;52(1):1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001.
Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics Books; 1988.
Mini Nutritional Assessment [cited 201 July]. Available from: http://www.mna-elderly.com/forms/MNA_portuguese.pdf.
Cuervo M, Ansorena D, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, García A, Astiasarán I, Martínez JA. Impact of global and subjective mini nutritional assessment (MNA) questions on the evaluation of the nutritional status: the role of gender and age. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;49(1):69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2008.05.003.
Visvanathan R. Anorexia of aging. Clin Geriatr Med. 2015;31(3):417-27. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2015.04.012.
Landi F, Liperoti R, Russo A, Giovannini S, Tosato M, Barillaro C, et al. Association of anorexia with sarcopenia in a community-dwelling elderly population: results from the ilSIRENTE study. Eur J Nutr. 2013;52(3):1261-8. doi: 10.1007/s00394-012-0437-y.
Hays NP, Robersts SB. The anorexia of aging in humans. Physiol Behav. 2006;88(3):257-66. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.029.
Morley J, Anker SD, Evans WJ. Cachexia and aging: an update based on the Fourth International Cachexia Meeting. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009;13(1):47-55.
Soenen S, Chapman IM. Body weight, anorexia, and undernutrition in older people. JAMDA. 2013;14(9):642-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.02.004.
Donini LM, Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M, Savina C, Castellaneta E, Cucinotta D, et al. Senile anorexia in different geriatric settings in Italy. JNHA. 2011;15(9):775-81.
Dean M, Raats MM, Grunert KG, Lumbers M. The food in later life team. Factors influencing eating a varied diet in old age. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(12):2421-7. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009005448.
World Health Organization (WHO). Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Geneva; 1995. Available from: https://www.who.int/childgrowth/publications/physical_status/en/.
Kawakami R, Murakami H, Sanada K, Tanaka N, Sawada SS, Tabata I, et al. Calf circumference as a surrogate marker of muscle mass for diagnosing sarcopenia in Japanese men and women. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2015;15(8):969-76. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12377.
Waters DL, Baumgartner RN. Sarcopenia and Obesity. Clin Geriatr Med. 2011;27(3):401-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2011.03.007.
Paddon-Jones D, Short KR, Campbell WW, Volpi E, Wolfe RR. Role of dietary protein in the sarcopenia of aging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(Suppl):1562S-6S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1562S.
Houston DK, Nicklas BJ, Ding J, Harris TB, Tylavsky AF, Newman AB, et al. Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community-dwelling adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(1):150-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.1.150.
Beasley JM, LaCroix AZ, Neuhouser ML, Huang Y, Tinker L, Woods N, Michael Y, Curb JD, Prentice RL. Protein intake and incident frailty in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010;58(6):1063-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02866.x.
Rondanelli M, Klersy C, Terracol G, Talluri J, Maugeri R, Guido D, et al. Whey protein, amino acids, and vitamin D supplementation with physical activity increases fat-free mass and strength, functionality, and quality of life and decreases inflammation in sarcopenic elderly. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(3):830-40. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.113357.
Rizzoli R, Stevenson JC, Bauer JM, van Loon LJC, Walrand S, Kanis JA, et al.The role of dietary protein and vitamin D in maintaining musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women: A consensus statement from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO). Maturitas. 2014;79(1):122-32. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.07.005 0378-5122.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Landi F, Schneider SM, Zúñiga C, Arai H, Boirie Y, et al. Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing. 2014;43(6):748-59. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afu115.
Nishiguchi S, Yamada M, Shirooka H, Nozaki Y, Fukutani N, Tashiro Y, et al. Sarcopenia as a risk Factor for cognitive deterioration in community-dwelling older adults: a 1-Year Prospective Study. JAMDA. 2016;17(4):372.e5-372.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.096.
Deutz NE, Bauer JM, Barazzoni R, Biolo G, Boirie Y, Bosy-Westphal A, et al. Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group. Clin Nutr. 2014;33(6):929-36. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.007.
