HPV infection as a risk factor of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma and it prognosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v100i2p144-151Keywords:
Prognosis, HPV infections, Human Papillomavirus infection, Esophagus cancer, Esophagus neoplasmAbstract
Esophageal cancer is the 8th most common cancer in the world, with a survival rate of around 20% in five years. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma, which presents geographical and ethnic variations. The risk factors for this pathology are not well defined. One of the main ones is infection by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), which presents frequent but transient conditions, which may regress spontaneously. The subtypes with the highest risk of malignancy are 16 and 18. Thus, a systematic review of the literature was performed based on the reference data, such as Medline, The Cochrane Library, Embase and Lilacs. Articles in languages other than English, Portuguese and Spanish; articles where the full recovery was not possible; those that had missing or insufficient data for evaluation the variables under study; those that focused on the pediatric population, animals and/or cell lines; presence of HPV in extra-esophageal locations; benign lesions or malignant neoplasms other than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); and case reports or case series were excluded. The study analyzed 64 abstracts of articles, 25 of which were included in this review and 39 excluded. The study demonstrated the presence of HPV in the esophageal SCC in 648 (24.4%) of the 2647 neoplastic tissue samples, detected by different techniques. We observed, however, that this great prevalence is very related to the geographic region studied. Finally, it was considered that in fact there is a relationship between HPV and esophageal SCC, as analyzed in the vast majority of studies, but it is not yet possible to reach an effective conclusion about its interference in the patient’s prognosis.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Ana Carolina Ferrari Nassar, Débora de Oliveira Garcia, Júlia Royd Costa Salvio, Nathalie Gabrielle Gomes Lessa Altieri, Letícia Pacolla Izique, Carolina Isper, Gilberto Mendes Menderico Junior
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