The impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the clinical outcomes of patients with Covid-19: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v100i3p269-278Keywords:
Key-words: Diabetes; Obesity; Covid-19; Pathophysiology; Prognosis.Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) is a disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2), which poses a challenge to global public health. There is scientific evidence to indicate that patients with COVID-19 and diabetes and / or obesity tend to have a worse prognosis. The aim of the study is to critically review the influence of DM and/or obesity on the the clinical outcome of patients with Covid-19. Methods: This article is an integrative review, articles were selected, published from 2019 to 2020, in Pubmed, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Scielo using the descriptors: “diabetes”, “obesity”, “Covid-19”, “pathophysiology”, “Prognosis”. The inclusion criteria were: studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, with randomized clinical trial, cohort study, meta-analyzes, systematic reviews and reports. Results: It was observed that DM and obesity are important risk factors for severe COVID-19, associated with a worse prognosis and, consequently, the need for intensive treatment. This fact is justified from the perspective of pathophysiological alterations related to both comorbidities (chronic inflammation characteristic of obese and diabetic patients, respiratory impairment, increased expression of viral capsule binding receptors), which together favor a worse clinical outcome. Additionally, it was observed that strict glycemic control in diabetic patients is an important protective factor for severe COVID-19, considering the fact that patients infected with the new coronavirus whose clinical outcome, death, presented higher blood glucose values in fast.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Ana Flávia Freire de Andrade, Anne Moura Korthals, Edna Messias de Freitas Santos, João Antonio Martins Gomes Gomes, Laura Medeiros Costa, Maria Gabriela Gonçalves Rezende de Souza, Mateus Gonçalves de Sena Barbosa, Thaynara Faria Gomes
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