Evaluation of patients hospitalized by COVID – 19 with acute myocardial infarct in a tertiary hospital in the interior of São Paulo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v105i5e-213360Keywords:
COVID-19, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Myocardial Infarction, Troponin, Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeAbstract
The infection caused by the novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virustype 2 (SARS-Cov 2) is a highly contagious infectious disease with predominantly respiratory manifestations, present in numerous published studies since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic in 2020. Even though the literature lacks research about its aggravation to the cardiovascular system, a variety of studies demonstrate a correlation between the infection and the development of the acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, this study aimed to correlate the presence of risk factors and myocardial injury, assessed by the increase of troponin rates in peripheral blood in inpatients with the infection by the coronavirus and its lethality. Observational studies, retrospective cohort, reviewed 386 units of electronic medical records dated from June 2020 to March, 2021 of inpatients of intensive care unit with severe acute respiratory syndrome and with lab exam attesting the presence of SARS-Cov 2 infection. The lethality coefficient came out as 47.9%. The presence of troponin elevation increased the lethality rate to 74.3%, leading to 4.69-fold increase in the risk of death, confirmed by the calculation of the Odds Ratio (p < 0.01). Regarding the risk factors and hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcoholism and chronic kidney disease, results showed no difference in the lethality statistics. On the other hand, obesity was shown to be a protective factor with a decrease in mortality rates by the chi square test (p = 0.015). In conclusion, myocardial injury is an important marker of mortality during coronavirus infection, and further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of myocardial damage by viral infections of this kind and other classes of viruses.
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