Clinical management and quality of life in pediatric patients with celiac disease: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v104i5e-230900Keywords:
Quality of life, Gluten, Celiac disease, Clinical managementAbstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley and rye, affecting individuals with a genetic predisposition. With a prevalence of approximately 1% of the global population, it is the most common autoimmune gastrointestinal disorder. Diagnosis is made by serological testing for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (atTG), in addition to performing intestinal biopsy, a test recommended by the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Early diagnosis and effective management of the disease are important to avoid long-term complications, such as infertility and increased risk of intestinal lymphoma. This research focuses on evaluating the clinical management of pediatric patients with CD and assessing quality of life and health-related factors that affect their well-being. The study is based on a systematic review of the literature from the last five years, obtained from the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. The findings suggest that although adhering to a strict gluten-free diet presents challenges, starting the diet early significantly improves symptoms and positively impacts quality of life. Conversely, late diagnosis increases the risk of related comorbidities and decreases adherence to necessary dietary restrictions.
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