Epidemiological and hospital morbidity and mortality characteristics of bronchial asthma reported in the Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (SUS) from 2008 to 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v104i2e-232882Keywords:
Epidemiology, Asthma, Public healthAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood, characterized by airway inflammation and bronchial hyperreactivity. Despite its low mortality rate, it has a significant socioeconomic impact due to hospitalizations and complications. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological characteristics and hospital morbidity and mortality related to asthma reported in the SUS between 2008 and 2023. METHODS: A descriptive observational study using data from SINAN/DATASUS, including asthma notifications (ICD-10 J45), analyzing variables such as sex, age group, color/race, region, hospitalizations, and deaths. Statistical analysis was performed in Excel® and Python, with the Chi-Square test, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: A total of 1,716,766 hospitalizations were recorded during the period. The highest number occurred in 2009, with a progressive decline until 2020, which showed the highest mortality rate (0.69%). Children aged 1 to 9 years were the most hospitalized, while individuals over 70 years old had the highest mortality rate. Females had more hospitalizations and deaths. CONCLUSION: Asthma data in Brazil varied between 2008 and 2023, with a focus on the highest mortality rate in 2020. The analysis showed higher mortality in females and among people of mixed race. These findings highlight the need to improve data collection and continue implementing public health strategies for effective disease control and management.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Yara Rebeca Araújo dos Santos, Filipe Stenio Carvalho Pereira da Silva, Maíse Moreira da Silva, Marília Dias Bezerra Santos, Alyne Almeida de Lima
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