A Revista de Estudos Culturais é uma publicação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Culturais da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo (EACH/USP). A revista incentiva a submissão de artigos originais e resenhas em todas as vertentes dos Estudos Culturais.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciência e Humanidades
Aging and care management for the aged during Covid-19 pandemic
For a long time, the social, financial and health needs of the aged were considered to be a private and family responsibility, but in the mid-twentieth century this became a social issue and some responsibility was transferred to the public and economic sectors. Recently, however, this trend has undergone a process of re-privatization, whereby responsibility for the old age is placed again on the individual and the family. With regard to carefor the aged, these processes put pressure on the government, but also on other institutions and civil society organizations, such as communities and families, especially in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Estudos Culturais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Reação e resiliência – o campo da História na Pandemia
When it comes to learning, wishing is not enough
Present-time emotional and motivational reactions to news about the pandemic in freshman college students
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced significant changes in different areas of study. Verbal reports on scales of present moods have been shown to be effective as access to subjective states, and their emotional, motivational and behavioral components. The use of Engelmann's Present Mood States List (PMSL) allowed the description of profiles of present mood states of freshman college students, faced with newsabout the current Covid-19 worldwide pandemic. The mood states’ profiles indicated by these verbal reports also show dispositions linked to the professionalizing expectations of psychology students, expanding the understanding of the impact of a pandemic on the motivations and emotions of young people involved in the environment of calamity.
Jouissance, violence and the abjection of trans bodies in Brazil
The study investigates the intersection between hypersexualization and human rights violations experienced by trans people in Brazil. It analyzes the possible correlation between the consumption of adult content involving trans bodies and the murder rates of this population, based on a 2023 report that ranked the country as the global leader in hate crimes for the fifteenth consecutive year. Methodologically, the research combines document analysis, interpretation of primary statistical sources, and investigative bibliographic review, employing a qualitative and argumentative approach. It is grounded in the Epistemologies of the South and uses intersectionality as an interpretative tool. The findings contribute to understanding how the objectification of trans identitiesis linked to their social vulnerability and point to directions for further research on this relationship.
violence against transgender individuals
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Estudos Culturais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
In search of an object: ceramics,women, work and education
This study presents a systematic mapping for understanding what has been produced regarding what we refer to as the triad of work-art-education, in the context of this text, in handmade pottery by women. This mapping is part of research conducted in a postgraduate degree program in Education. By outlining the object, we aim to understand what has been researched on this topic in the last ten years, in order to refine and enhance the paths of the research project.The search was conducted using the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations as locus, and its results shows 11 theses and dissertations briefly analyzed in this article.
The “strong femalecharacter”: representationand stereotype of femininity in brazilian police series
In this text, we examine the representation of female police officers in Brazilian TV series in dialogue with the so-called “strong female character” stereotype – a portrayal that attributes to women codes traditionally associated with “hegemonic masculinity.” The theoretical framework draws on studies of social representation, media circulation and the concept of “gender performance”. As case studies, we analyze the series A Justiceira (TV Globo, 1997), Rotas do Ódio (Universal TV, 2018), and Bom Dia, Verônica (Netflix,2020), identifying in the protagonists their visual representations, behaviors, and motivations. Among the findings, we note the predominance of white female leads, the frequent use of dark/neutral-toned clothing, and, notably, the presence of narratives that contrast reason and emotion – associated with the distinction between masculinity and femininity.
Gender and genre representations in the films Jurassic Parkand ammonite
This paper analyzes representations of genders and genres in contemporary films featuring characters of paleontologists: the American movie Jurassic Park (1993) and the British one Ammonite (2020). Both have in common a critical stance towards the male gender and certain aspects of film genres. However, while Jurassic Park confronts the roles given to genders without showing the class relations implied – a liberal feminist position –, Ammonite focuses on the oppression of women and shows that it is linked to the difference in social class – a Marxist feminist position. The analysis is based on the theoretical framework of materialist discourse analysis, on feminist-Marxist studies by Silvia Federici and on Bordwell and Thompson's observations on film genre.
Situated knowledge of women in situations of violence: an intersectional analysis of the Maria da Penha Law
The work is based on a segment of doctoral research, aiming to discuss the need for an intersectional approach to violence against women, particularly through the actions enabled by the Maria da Penha Law. A bibliographic method will be used, in addition to field research conducted in a Domestic Violence Court, from which two protective order cases were selected for analysis. For interpreting the narratives, theoretical contributions that address a black and South American genealogy were employed, broadening the understanding of intersectionality. As a result, I conclude that policies addressing gender based violence must consider the social categories of oppression and privilege in which they are embedded, examining the issue alongside other simultaneous forces.
Children's literature and childhood education at the center of the anti-gender crusade
This article addresses the issue of conservative anti-gender offensives in children's education, based on controversial episodes involving the attempt to censor children's literature books in the context of schools in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. The cases analyzed represent the social, political and cultural scenario that we have experienced in recent years, revealing the striking and incisive presence of religious activism that finds in "gender ideology" an artifact of persuasion. Its theoretical reference is research on children's literature and gender diversity, which points to the gender stereotypes present in these cultural artifacts produced for children and problematizes messages focused on gender norms. Reflections on such threats and denunciations reveal a possibility of removing this problem from invisibility.
Entrevista com Maria Amélia de Almeida Teles
Casmurro’s echoes in Chico Buarque’s Budapest
Machado de Assis’s work appear in many momentsof Chico Buarque’s fiction, also becoming a reference when the subject is the literature itself, as would be the case in Budapest. In this novel, one can figure an unreliable and paranoid narrator, narcissist and competitive, but at the same time insecure. The discussion of its conquests and failures and his search for a respectable position among his public, in a story of revenge, seems to echo Dom Casmurro’s autobiographical narrative.
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Estudos Culturais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Pokemon and the boundaries of identity on different media platforms
Pokémon is a Japanese media franchise that comprehends a vast array of products, being characterized for its transmedia inclination. The narratives that permeate the franchise revolve around fictional creatures distinctive for their designs and patterns of behavior, named pokémon. In this investigation, we aim to observe how identities are formulated in the dialogue between the graphic aspects used in the construction of characters in Pokémon and matters of gender, performance and sexualities. To this end, we will analyze diferente Pokémon Productions responsible for materializing narratives that, due to their imagery and plot dynamics, reflect on the representations and performances of their characters in relation to genders and sexualities.
Stereotypes and fetishization of Japanese-Brazilian characters in national soap operas
This article explores the representation of Japanese-Brazilian women in Brazilian television soap operas and conceptualizes the terms stereotype, fetish, and representation. Based on the analysis of the plots of Bang Bang (2005), Morde e Assopra (2011), Sol Nascente (2016), Malhação Viva a Diferença (2017) and contextualization of the public's reception and controversies, this article examines how these representations influence the perception of the Japanese and their descendants, especially the women portrayed in Brazil. The article includes a table summarizing the main points, an analysis of the data, and a reflection on the representation of Japanese-Brazilian women in soap operas and its implications for the debate on media representation and its impact on minority communities.
Being a mother in the first half of the 20th Century: natural attribution, scientific learning and civic duty
This article analyzes the discourses on motherhood directed at women in the first half of the 20th century in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, seeking to highlight their ambiguous nature. On the one hand, it was stated that being a mother was the biological destiny of women, who were naturally endowed with a maternal instinct. On the other hand, it was argued that it was necessary to teach women how to perform the maternal role well. The analysis focuses on the journal Educação e Pediatria, published from 1913 to 1915, in Rio de Janeiro, and on materials used in the training of students at the Puericulture Center of the Escola Normal da Praça da República de São Paulo. The analysis is based on the perspective of discourse analysis, by Michel Foucault (2004).
The article historically addresses the place of women in Brazilian political thought, drawing on Anne Verjus's thesis (2002), which argues that the disconnection of women from their social enclaves accompanied the individualization of voting practice. It demonstrates that the topic – women and the vote – only began to be a matter of debate with the advent of the Republic, a moment when women’s absence from the act of voting started to be justified by sexist arguments questioning the electoral capacity of the female sex. Previously, women’s political capacity was implicitly included in the census calculation, assessed based on the contributions of family members, whether men or women. With the abolition of voting right based on family wealth, suffrage became an individual male practice, marking the beginning of sexism as a foundation for the political exclusion of women. The article suggests that this exclusion, based on sexist criteria, paved the way for the possibility of imagining female suffrage, achieved in 1932.
civic citizenship versus civil citizenship
“L'ouvrière, mot impie, sordide.”...o discurso da economia política francesa sobre as operárias (1840-1960)
L'ouvrière, mot impie, sordide”... O discurso da economia política francesa sobre as operárias (1840-1960) é uma tradução inédita no Brasil, e publicada pela primeira vez em língua portuguesa, de um ensaio escrito pela historiadora Joan Scott, atualmente professora do Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (EUA). O texto foi originalmente publicado em inglês como sétimo capítulo do famoso livro Gender and the politics of history em 1988. Em 1990, foi traduzido e publicado em francês na Revue Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales por Pierre Bourdieu. A expressão “L’ouvrière mot impie, sordide” do título foi mantida em francês também na versão em inglês. O ensaio aborda o discurso da economia política francesa sobre as operárias, a partir do século XIX - período marcado por uma intensa aceleração da industrialização – , discutindo a posição de homens públicos e economistas políticos em relação ao crescimento do trabalho feminino, visto com preocupação e pessimismo.
Rose Marie Muraro: catholicism, feminism, publishing and censorship
This article focuses on the censorship, by the Ministry of Justice, of Rose Marie's Muraro's books Women in the Construction of the Future World (first edition 1966) and Automation and the Future of Man (1968). We seek to understand the censorship vetoes in 1975, that is, many years after their release and when these works had already had wide discussion among the public. The censorship of these books, in our view, has to be analyzed as an attempt to coercion and demonstration of power by the dictatorial government that was feeling the pressure from the growing mobilizations both for democracy and by the feminists. This article is divided into two parts: 1) General overview of Rose Marie Muraro’s activities, with emphasis on her work at Vozes Publisher; 2) Approach of the themes of the two works, and contextualized analysis of the censorship veto order.
O sexo do cérebro: entre ciência e ideologia
Apesar dos avanços no conhecimento em neurociências, percebemos que os preconceitos e estereótipos sobre as diferenças de atitudes e comportamentos entre os sexos estão ainda presentes no espaço público. A mídia e a internet nos inundam de velhos clichês que consideram as mulheres naturalmente dotadas para a empatia, mas incapazes de ler um mapa rodoviário, enquanto os homens seriam essencialmente bons em matemática e competitivos. Estes discursos fazem crer que nossas aptidões e personalidades são programadas em nossos cérebros e imutáveis. As pesquisas recentes mostram o contrário. Graças a suas formidáveis propriedades de “plasticidade”, o cérebro fabrica constantemente novos circuitos neurais, dependendo das aprendizagens e experiências de vida. O conceito de plasticidade cerebral é primordial para abordar a questão da origem das diferenças e semelhanças entre ossexos. Ele traz uma explicação neurobiológica fundamental para entender os mecanismos que participam da construção das nossas identidades de mulheres e homens, reforçando e enriquecendo as pesquisas em ciências humanas sobre o gênero.
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Estudos Culturais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
SLEEP PARALYSIS IN BRAZILIAN FOLKLORE AND OTHER CULTURES
Sleep paralysis (SP) is a dissociative state that occurs mainly during awakening. SP is characterized by altered motor, perceptual, emotional and cognitive functions, such as inability to perform voluntary movements, visual hallucinations, feelings of chest pressure, delusions about a frightening presence and, in some cases, fear of impending death. Most people experience SP rarely, but typically when sleeping in supine position; however, SP is considered a disease (parasomnia) when recurrent and/or associated to emotional burden. Interestingly, throughout human history, different peoples interpreted SP under a supernatural view. For example, Canadian Eskimos attribute SP to spells of shamans, who hinder the ability to move, and provoke hallucinations of a shapeless presence. In the Japanese tradition, SP is due to a vengeful spirit who suffocates his enemies while sleeping. In Nigerian culture, a female demon attacks during dreaming and provokes paralysis. A modern manifestation of SP is the report of “alien abductions”, experienced as inability to move during awakening associated with visual hallucinations of aliens. In all, SP is a significant example of how a specific biological phenomenon can be interpreted and shaped by different cultural contexts. In order to further explore the ethnopsychology of SP, in this review we present the “Pisadeira”, a character of Brazilian folklore originated in the country’s Southeast, but also found in other regions with variant names. Pisadeira is described as a crone with long fingernails who lurks on roofs at night and tramples on the chest of those who sleep on a full stomach with the belly up. This legend is mentioned in many anthropological accounts; however, we found no comprehensive reference on the Pisadeira from the perspective of sleep science. Here, we aim to fill this gap. We first review the neuropsychological aspects of SP, and then present the folk tale of the Pisadeira. Finally, we summarize the many historical and artistic manifestations of SP in different cultures, emphasizing the similarities and differences with the Pisadeira.
Qual o lugar das neurociências na educação?
Nas últimas décadas surgiram inúmeras iniciativas com o objetivo de estabelecer uma ponte entre neurociências e educação. Algumas destas iniciativas tentaram precipitar o surgimento de novas disciplinas, como por exemplo a neuroeducação, criando a ideia de que neurociência poderia ser prescritiva para a educação. Neste artigo, discordamos dessa ideia e apresentamos quais as contribuições que a neurociência pode trazer para a educação diante dos desafios de se aproximar áreas de conhecimento tão distintas.
Scientific communication of Nerdologia's channel on YouTube
This research analyses different enunciation strategies and the regimes of meaning and interaction of Nerdologia’s videos. The object of study consists in Nerdologia channel on YouTube. The analysis of the enunciation of the syncretic text follows the theoretical current of sociosemiotics, based on Greimas (ano). Regarding scientific communication definition, Bueno (ano), Vogt (ano) and Lewestein (ano). In meaning and interaction regimes Landowski (ano), it is possible to see how destinators use strategic narratives to impel the construction of meaning along the destinee in order to accentuate the taste for science as an object of value.
O viés de gênero na neurociência comportamental
Biological sciences as a whole, and neurosciences in particular, are used endorse social gender roles assuming the existence of male and female brains, which would account for natural male and female behaviors. Studies that confirm this assumption are not free from researchers’ cultural biases, even when performed on laboratory animals. Here we discuss the influence of these biases in the results and interpretations of biomedical research, and how the research can work as gender technology. Specifically, we argue that sexism has shaped behavioral neuroscience. The scientific approach from a feminist perspective is essential to transform science about women into science for women.
Tempos Fantásticos e Onde Habitam: O Oxímoro do Efêmero Eterno
Discutimos algumas formas de interpretação do tempo no campo das Ciências da Natureza e Cultura, um assunto que estudamos e sobre o qual escrevemos um ensaio com o título “Questões de Tempo para Gurus, Cientistas, Filósofos e Terapeutas”. Neste trabalho revisitamos o capítulo II desse ensaio, no qual citamos o escritor da literatura fantástica Jorge Luis Borges, que discute a evolução dos estudos do tempo na metafísica, que se fixa no conceito de Eternidade. A seguir adicionamos uma interpretação do conceito de Efêmero nas obras do pintor do Rococó francês Jean Simeon Chardin. Adicionamos também aspectos físicos dos relógios mais precisos da atualidade, associando a medida mais precisa do tempo com conceito de Instantâneo.
Third world cinema and political hegemony: the social role of cinema
Cinema is one more of the various modes of cultural expression of contemporary industrial and technological society. From its earliest days, film producers and directors considered it a powerful tool for human instruction, education and reflection. The efforttoimpresstheaudience canevenbeunderstood as an operation of ideological nature. We highlight in the commentary how much cinema can be and is political through the analysis of three moments in cinematographic production: the ideological propaganda made by the media having ideological orientation, both Nazi, of the Nazi Party of 1934, in Nurenberg, and Russian Socialist of 1929; the massively produced Hollywood films; the clash between two research Brazilian institutes, CPC andIPES, on the eve of the 1964 military coup in Brazil.
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Estudos Culturais https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Fragmentação e colapso de públicos em rede
The public sphere, especially in peripheral countries, was formed selectively, marginalizing various alternative audiences also known as counterpublics. We argue that social media have contradictory effects on the formation of counterpublics and on their relationship with hegemonic publics. On the one hand, social media promotes the fragmentation of publics and the meeting of people with common interests and characteristics, facilitating the formation and expansion of counterpublics. On the other hand, they offer a hybrid space between the public and the private, in which different contexts are collapsed, causing constant clashes between conflicting publics.