Revista da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo
Continues Revista da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo (1938-1971). Continued by Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science (1990-current)
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Capacity o f the gastric compartments of the Zebu cattle. II. Capacity of the rumen of the Zebu cattle females adults (over 49.9 months)
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> The capacity of the rumen (paunch) was determined in a group of 15 adult and female Zebu cattle (Nelore breed), by emptying this compartment of the stomach, then filling it with water. Measuring the water volume, thus contained, the authors found that the average capacity of the rumen in these animals was 100.62 ± 3.91 L. Further, a statistically significant correlation was found between rumen capacity and both carcass length and weight.
Contribution to the study of the intra and extra hepatic biliduct in ovine (ovisaries — Linnaeus, 1758). I. Behaviour of ductus choledocus. II. Systematization of ramus principalis dexter
Studying the behaviour of the ductus choledocus of the ductus cysticus and the systematization of the ramus principalis dexter, in 50 livers of adult male ovines of the Merino race, the A. arrived to the following conclusions: 1 — the ductus choledocus always free from tributaries, is shown in 48 parts, being 96% of them constituted by the union of the ramus principalis dexter, and ramus principalis sinister (4.0% ), in two cases by the triplice convergence of dorso medialis and ventrolteralis roots of ramus principalis dexter plus the ramus principalis sinister. 2 —the ductus cysticus, free in of its preparations (84.0%) is seen when receives tributaries which come from the lobus quadratus. The eight (16.0%) which are left integrate themselves in the system of ramus principalis dexter. 3 — the system of ramus principalis dexter is formed by ramus medialis lobi dexter, ramus dorsalis lobi dextri, ramus processi caudati, ramus lateralis lobi dextri, ductus cysticus, rami intermedii lobi dextri and innominate ducts from the lobus dexter (medial, dorsal and lateral territories ), the lobus caudatus (pars supraportalis, processus papillaris, pons and processus caudatus) and lobus quadratus.
Occurrence of Lagochilascaris in a domesticated cat (Felis catus domesticus L.) of São Paulo state, Brazil
Morphological studies of 35 specimens of ascaridids collected from a purulent fistulated abscess on the neck of a Felis catus domesticus allowed us to recognize them as L. major. The measures and the number of the pits on the eggs were similar to those reported for L. sprenti ( BOWMAN et alii, 2, 1983) and L. major (AMATO et alii, 1, 1982).
The effect of Levamisole on the immune of guinea pigs treated with an inactivated foot-and-mouth, disease vaccine (FMDV)
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> The protection titer of an inactivated tricalent “O", “A" and “C” Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD) vaccine was assayed in two groups of 96 guinea pigs, one of them received levamisole at an animal daily dose of 2,5 mg/kg during the three days starting the day of the FMD vaccination and the other one was used as control. The range of vaccine dilutions was 10-0, OOO, 10-602, 10-1, 204 e 10-1,806 and animals were challenged at 21 days after vaccination with 158 DG50 of FMD virus type “C” Waldmann. 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"In vitro" assays by means of OBA’s (1972) and Drummond’s (1973) of chlorpyrifos upon one allegedly resistant B. microplus strain from Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> To test the efficency of Chlorpyrifos agains one supposedly resistant strain of B. microplus from Taubaté, State of São Paulo, Brasil, the authors conducted “in vitro" assays, using criterian developed by Oba (1972) and by Drummond (1973). The results did not con firm the alleged drug resistance for that tick strain.
About the occurrence of the facial artery in the caprine
The AA. reported the occurrence of the right facial artery a half-face of caprine. According to literature, the facial artery is absent in the small ruminants. The traject, distribution and pattern of the facial artery has been related by the AA.
Distribution of Ascocotyle Loss, 1899 (Trematoda - Fascioloidea - Heterophydae - Ascocotylinae) in the intestinal tract of the dog
The A.A. studied the distribution of 1.478 specimens of Ascocotyle sp. along the gastrointestinal tubes of 45 street dogs from São Paulo City. The worms were collected by means of the technique described by MELLO and CAMPOS, and the final distribution was: 102 specimens (6,9%) in the duodenum; 1.332 in anterior jejunum (90,1 % and 44 in posterior jejunum (3,0%).
The effect of air temperature and relative humidity in climatic chamber, in Corriedale sheeps. I. The use of chromic oxide for determination of the dry matter digestibility
The present paper had the purpose of to study possible influence of the air temperature and relative humidity upon apparent digestibility of dry matter in Corriedale sheeps using the chromic oxide method. The authors concluded that the air constant temperature of 27"C did not change the digestibility level of dry matter and the behaviour of the conventional and chromic oxide methods showed to be not different.
Normal levels of the hepatic function tests in goats of the breeds Saanen, Parda Alpine and cross-bred animals of the State of São Paulo
Normal levels of Alkaline phosphatase, total, direct and indirect bilirubin, and transaminases (ALT and AST) were determined in ninety milk goats reared in the State of São Paulo .The animals aged between two months and six years. The breeds evaluated were: Saanen, Alpine and cross breed animals. Age and breed were taken into account when analyzing these parameters. There was no statistic difference for none of the tests attributable to age. Concerning breeds, Saanen showed higher serum levels of direct bilirubin when compared to Alpine and cross-bred animals; and Alpine showed higher AST serum levels than cross-breed animals. Serum levels of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, ALT and alkaline phosphatase show no statistical difference when the breed was concerned.
Contribution to the study of the origin and ramification of the cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries in Zebu foetuses
Reminding that the anatomical data in bovines usually regard european breeds (Bos taurus) we preposed to study now the pattern of the mesenteric arteries in zebu cattle (Bos indicus). Thus we have dissected 30 foetuses (15 males and 15 females) which were injected with Neoprene latex 450 and fixed in formol solution (10%). The results obtained permit the following conclusions: 1) the cranial mesenteric artery arises from the abdominal aorta artery just after the colic artery or in common trunk with this and give up the following branches: adrenal artery, diaphagmatic artery, artery to the adjacent connective tissue, pancreatic artery, caudal pancreatic duodenal artery, median colic artery, which anastomoses with the left colic artery, that derives from the caudal mesenteric artery; other branches are the jejunal arteries which form anastomotic arcades, the collateral branch, ileocecocolic artery which give up colic branches and ileal and cecal arteries and then it fmishs by anastomoses with these vessels and with the collateral branch and the jejunal arteries. The caudal mesenteric artery arises from the abdominal aorta artery near of its terminal branches; it gives up the left colic artery and following as cranial retal artery.
Observations on foot-and-mouth disease vaccine
Nine hundred cows between 7th and S'h month of pregnancy were vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease and kept in observation during 15 days. The vaccinal product consisted on the “O”, “A” and “C” foot-and-mouth disease virus, harvested on B.H.K . cells, inativated by A.E. I . and adsorved by Aluminium Hidroxid. No abortion was recorded in this period.
Histological and histochemical study of the lesions induced by Trichuris vulpis (Froelich, 1789) in the caecum of dogs
The macroscopic and microscopic lesions produced by Trichuris vulpis in the caecum of dogs were studied. The macroscopic alterations were described as large “thickening” of the caecum walls and the presence of petechiae and suffusion. In the caecal lumen, the number of parasites found was large as well as the encreased production of mucus. The histological examen in the infected caeca showed that the parasite do not produce deep alterations in the caecal wall. These alterations were characterized by edema in the submucosa and celular infiltrate linpho-plasmocitary prevalent. In the mucosa superfice the number of parasites was large as well as the quantity of muco present; the lymphoid folicules showed a marked hyperplasia. Using histochemical methods, it was verified the secreted muco presented the same characteristics as that produced by the caliciform normal cells.
Electrocardiographic changes in dogs after both parcial and total cirurgical removal of sinus node
The electrocardiographic patterns of dogs which had its sinus node both partially or totally removed by surgical methods were obtained. Electrocardiograms were taken before, during and after the surgery employing standard, unipolar, chest, epicardic atrial and intracavitary (atrial) unipolar leads. Twelve electrocardiographic changes were characterized and could be correlated with partial or total sinus node removal. These studies provide evidence for a hierarquic competence of this tissue, even though altered as compared, to other components involved in the conduction of the cardiac stimulus.
Contribution to the study of the pancreatic, duct system in horses
The study of the pancreas in 30 equities (15 males and 15 females) revealed that the Wirsung duct always proceeds from the union of two roots and they drain, separately, (93.3%) the right and the left lobes of the gland, seldom (6.7%) the collector of the right lobe also strains the posterior portion of the left lobe throughout its trajectory the Wirsung duel receives, as well as their roots, varied number of affluents. The Santorini duct, being present for the most part of the dissections (96.7%) reaches almost always (90.0%) the lesser duodenal papilla. Frequently (93.3%) connected with the Wirsung duct system, it opens itself, by its central, extremity directly in that duct (76.6%), in the duct of the left lobe (10.0%), in the border between them (3.3%;), or in the excretory canal of the right lobe (3.3%). The Santorini duct may appear free from tributaries (2) (26.7%) or to receive several afferents (70%).In a good deal of glands (5 6% ) we take notice of delicate anastomosis at the place of the bridge and they set up between both the collectors of the two lobes, right and left. It may appear, in other glandular regions, duct of appreciable caliber, communicating sometimes (6.7%) the distal portion of the mentioned collectors or even different sectors of the own drain duct of the right lobe.
Biliary ducts in Nelore cattle. I. Ductus choledocus, ductus hepaticus, ductus cysticus, vesica fellea and anastomosis
It was studied, by dissecation, the biliary ducts on 36 livers removed from adult Nelore cattle. The results obtained were: 1) The ductus choledocus is formed by the convergence of the ductus hepaticus and ductus cysticus (96.7%) or by the convergence of the ramus principalis dexter, ramus principalis sinister and ductus cysticus (3.3%); 2) The ductus hepaticus is caracterized in 96.7% of the cases and it receives tributaries (40.0%) from the lobus quadratus (3.3%), from the lobus dexter, lobus caudatus and lobus quadratus (13.3%), from the lobus dexter and lobus quadratus (6.7%) or from the lobus dexter (6.7%); 3) The ductus cysticus also receives tributaries (83.3%) from the lobus dexter and lobus quadratus (43.3%), from the lobus quadratus (20.0%), from the lobus dexter (16.7%) or from the lobus dexter, lobus caudatus and lobus quadratus (3.3%); 4) The vesica fellea is too big in these animals and it receives some hepatocystic ducts (53.3%) from the lobus dexter (30.0%), from the lobus quadratus (13.3%), from the lobus quadratus and lobus sinister (3.3%), lobus dexter, lobus quadratus and lobus sinister (3.3%) or from the lobus quadratus, lobus caudatus and lobus dexter (3.3%); 5) Some livers (73.3%) have showed anastomosis between the ramus principalis dexter or the ramus principalis sinister and the ductus cysticus or the vesica fellea. This anastomosis and the hepatocystic ducts form an important system of sustentation of the vesica fellea and maybe they could have a function of emptying and fulfilling of the vesica fellea.
Isolation of leptospires from the renal tissues of hamsters experimentally infected by Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. Use of the Pasteur pipette ... with 5-fluor-uracil or neomycin sulfate
In order to comparatively study the methods of “in vitro" isolation of leptospires, the Pasteur's pipette and the serial dilution techniques were performed on the renal tissue samples of 60 hamsters experimentally infected either by two strains of Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, using the Fletcher's medium added with 100 micrograms /mL of 5-fluor-uracil or 2.5 micrograms /mL of neomycin sulfate. The hamsters were divided into groups A and B, the 30 animals of group A were inoculated with a strain of Leptospira that was passed 39 times in hamsters, and the remaining 30 animals, inoculated with a field isolate of Leptospira with only 2 passages in hamsters. The hamsters died three to seven days after the inoculation, or sacrificed in agonic state, and the presence of leptospires in the renal tissue was confirmed by at least one of the three microscopic examination procedures: direct examination of the renal tissue suspension with dark field microscopy, Levaditi’s histologic staining and the direct fluorescent antibody technique. The specimens taken from the group A were found to be richer in the number of leptospires than the materials of group B. The results of "in vitro" cultivation of leptospires varied according to the strain of leptospires tested. For the group A, the serial dilution technique was the most sensitive, combined with the use of 5-fluor-uracil. For the group B, there was not found any statistical difference at the α = 0 ,0 5 among the isolation techniques, however, the medium added with 5-fluor-uracil showed better results (p < 0,001 and p = 0 ,0 24), respectively for the Pasteur's pippete and for the serial dilution technique.
Topografic situation of the parotid papilla in pure bred dogs
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> It was studied the topographic situation of the parotid papilla related to the upper premolar and molar teeth, in 230 dogs of different breeds grouped in the MEGNIN'S read types. Generally the parotid papilla is seem at the level of the space between the 4th pre molar and 1sl molar of the upper jaw but it also is seem related to other teeth or interdental spaces, according to the diverse head types, that are associated to the three skull types; i.e.: DoIicocephaIic , MesaticephaIic and Brachycefalic. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>PT-BR</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> 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Seasonal variation in eggs per gram of equine faecal count and its expression in eggs per gram of dried faecal matter
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> The variable EPG (eggs per gram of faeces) has been much used as a parameter to estimate animal worm burdens. This parameter, periodically determined, may indicate the most adequate moments for sample collections for that and for other objectives. The season of the year has a relevant effect on environmental factors, so the A.A. tried to assess their global interference upon EPG in twelve equidae kept in one pasture exclusively grassed with Pannicum maximum in the “CIZIP Experimental Station”, in Pirassununga, State of São Paulo. Four of these animals were Equus asinus and eight of them were E. caballus and of the last four belonged to a light breed, “Mangalarga”, and four to a heavy breed, “Postier-Breton”. They were grazed together during one year, and every month three samples of faeces, on three consecutive days, were collected from each of them. The egg counts were made through the Mc Master technique and were expressed both in terms of fresch and dried faeces, as determined by the AOAC method. The results are condensed in Tab. 1 to 3 and in Graph. 1 to 6, and they show higher EPG counts on the months with higher rainfall. This tendency was observed both for results expressed in terms of fresh and dried faeces, but the last ones seemed to offer a neater and more conspicuous expression of the influence of the season of the year on the evolution of EPG values. Such influence appeared consistently for the two species of equidae and for the two breeds of equinae.
Contribution to the study of the liver's excretor system in Zebu cattle, of ductus choledocus, ductus hepaticus, ductus cysticus and vesica fellea. Sistematization of the ramus principalis dexter
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> It was studied, by dissecation, the biliary ductus in 30 livers removed from adult zebu cattle (21 males and 09 females). The results obtained were: 1) The ductus choledocus is formed by the convergence of the ductus hepaticus and ductus cysticus (96.7%) or by the convergence of the ramus principalis dexter, ramus principalis sinister and ductus cysticus (3,3%); 2) The ductus hepaticus is caracterized in 96.7% of the cases and receives tributaries (46.7%) from lobus dexter, lobus caudatus and lobus quadratus; 3) The ductus cysticus also receives tributaries (86.7%) from lobus dexter, lobus caudatus and lobus quadratus; 4) Hepatocystic ducts has been evidenciated connected mainly to the vesica fellea (56,6%); 5) The system of the ramus principalis dexter is integrated, mainly, by the ramus dorsalis lobi dextri (100%), the ramus medialis lobi dextri (93.3%), the ramus processi caudati (86 .6 %), ramus lateralis lobi dextri (73.3%), the rami intermedii lobi dextri and the inominate little ducts from the lobus dexter, lobus caudatus and lobus quadratus; 6) In deal of glands (20.0%) it has been showed 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Field assay of the aearicide activity of Permethrin on Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> The acaricide efficiency of Permethrin was studied “in vivo” on a pure population of Dermanyssus gallinae in a poultry farm located at Mogi das Cruzes, State of São Paulo. The results showed that Permethrin in a concentration of 0,05% of the active base had an efficiency of 100%.
Effects of differents temperatures upon european steers. I. Respiratory frequency and rectal temperatures
Twelve crossbred Holstein castrated male steers, with 2 years old, were used in a factorial arrangement 2 x 2, in a change-over design, comparing 4 treatments: A) outdoors plus roughage feed; B) outdoors plus roughage feed plus concentrate meal; C) climatic chamber plus roughage feed; D) climatic chamber plus roughage feed plus concentrate meal. The steers in cand D stayed in the chamber 23h a day at 32°C and 86% relative-humidity. They presented higher rectal temperatures and higher respiratory frequencies than the outdoor-ones. Considering only C and D treatments, D caused higher rectal temperatures than C.
Correlations between progressive motility and acrosomal retention after thawing and after incubation at 38°C or 45° C of frozen bull semen
Correlation determinations for the relationship between progressive motility of sperm cells and acrosomal retention were calculated on 200 ampules of frozen bull semen after thawing and after incubation at 45°C for 1 hour or at 38°C for 5 hours (Quick and Slow Thermoresistance Tests). Evaluations of progressive motility were estimated at 200 magnifications in optics microscope and those of acrosomal retention under 1000X magnifications phase-contrast or 1250X magnifications differential interference contrast microscopies, both in oil immersion. Highly significant correlations(P <.01) were so observed for progressive motility and acrosomal retention: a) negative correlation between both characteristics after thawing; b) positive correlation between progressive motility after Quick Thermoresistance Test and acrosomal retention after thawing; c) negative correlation between both characteristics after Quick and Slow Thermoresistance Tests.
Weaning of Holtein male calves with different diets. I. Feeding an growing performance
Twenty-four Holstein mael calves were used in a randonmized block design evaluating 4 treatments ; A) without roughages; B) with alfalfa hay; C) with Rhode s grass hay and D) with corn silage. All the treatments had milk up to 7 weeks old and calf starter up to 2.5 kg per calf per day. The experimental period was from 2 to 12 weeks old. Average daily gains were: A: 0.356kg; B: 0.519kg; C) 0.404kg and a D: 0.548kg. Treatments B and D presented significantly higher weight gains than C and A (p≤ 0.01) Calves on D ingested more calf starter (77 .6 kg) than calves on C (57.4kg); the B (73.1kg) and D calves ingested more calf starter than ones on A (52.1kg). The conclusion is that calves had higher performances with good palatability roughages, and among the forrages alfalfa hay presented better results considering all periods of life.
Determination of the percentage of the 125 I-lythyronine retention in resin (T3 Test) and the total tyroxin (T4 Test) in mongrels equine
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> Thyroid function vas studied in mongrels equine y means of radioisotopic techniques "in vitro” 125 I-T3 and 125 I-T4 Tests. For this purpose 30 equine clinically healthful were selected and distributed in 3 groups of 10 animals. The first group was constituted my males, the 2nd by females and the last by geldings. Analyzing the results of T3 and T4 Tests we have not found statiscal significance for the 3 groups, although the averages were different between them. For the females the average of T3 Test we found 46.91% of marked hormone retention in resin and, for the T4 Test 1.95 mcg/100 ml of serum by the male, 42.50% for the T3 and 1.93 mcg/100 ml by the T4 Tests, finally by the geldings, the results obtained through T3 and T4 Tests, were, respectively, 40.43% and 1.89 mcg/100 ml. Having in mind the variance analysis results obtained in the 3 groups, we could collect data established for all animals, and then, we establish for the T3 Test the average 43.2% of marked hormone retention in resin, to a 95% coefficient between 41.32% and 45.24%. 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Synchronization of oestrus cycle in cattle with prostaglandin F2 alfa. III. Breeding at a predetermined time following PGF2 alfa in a Nelore herd
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> 60 Nelore cows, without previous control regarding oestrous cycle, were assigned randomly to two treatments. Treatment 1 (n =30) consisted in an injection of 4 mg PGF2 alfa in 2 ml o f Phosphate-Buffer into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum, followed by A.I. at 72 and 80 hs postPGF2 alfa. Treatment 2 (n = 30) serving as control was double A.I. also with an interval of 8 hs at standing estrus during a 60-day period. Conception rate, through rectal palpation was 20.0% (6 pregnant cows) in treatment I and 26.6% (8 pregnant cows) in treatment 2. These results, although too low, seems to indicate the similarity in fertility between control animals and those inseminated at a predetermined time, without estrus detection. The time taken for treatment of Nelore cows and of European crossed cows with zebu (in a previous paper) was recorded. Prostaglandin infusion including ovarian palpation took 7.5 Nelore cows per hour and 12 crossed cows per hour, respectively. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>PT-BR</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning /> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents /> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin 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Study of chemical process for determining the caloric value in pasture plants
The authors tried to study a rapid and precise chemical method for determining the caloric value in pasture plants this method showld be less onerous and substitute the traditional method (calorimetric pump) which takes too much time because in it is impossible to work many samples simultaneously. The alterations suggest are largely applied to determine the caloric value in forage plants and the reduction of volumes employed brings a low price of determination without prejudice in the exactness of the results.
Coprological observations in fowl (Gallus gallus L ., 1758) naturally infested, in the region of Campo FJorido, Minas Gerais, Brazil
A parasitological study at Campo FJorido in the State of Mitias Gerais using naturally infested chickens was performed. These were classified in three classes: cliiks, cockerels and adult chickens. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: — The adult birds showed 31.8% of negative fecal examinations fo r parasites while only 3.2% of the samples from chicks were negative for endoparasites. — The percentages of infestations by Syngamus, Spirurida and Ascaridia or Heterakis were larger in chicks than in adult chickens. On the other hand the percentage of parasitism by Capillaria, Strongyloides and Fimehand among chicks and adult chickens were almost uniform.
Variations tions in Iodine 131 uptake by some organs of white rats and its changes during the estrous cycle
It has been studied the Iodine131 uptake by some organs of Wistar white rats (12 males and 20 females), with average weight of 325 g and nearly 5 months old. Females were divided into groups according to the phase of estrous 9 cycle, which was detected by vaginal smears. Iodine131 was administered subcutaneously in a concentration ratio of 0.10 µ Ci by g/weight. The organs (thyroid, liver, kidney, spleen and pancreas) were withdrawn one hour later and Iodine131 uptake was detected by a Tobor Large Sample Couting Systems with Nal crystal. Absorption of Iodine131 was the largest by the thyroid, decreasing it in the estrous rats. There was no sexual difference, saved, the estrous cycle rats. It is discussed the 12 relationship between the thyroid gland and sexual hormones.
Systematization of the Wirsung duct and of the Santorini duct
The A. studies, by dissecation, the pancreatic duct system in 30 asinines adults (15 males and 15 females); the results obtained show that the Wirsung duct — the main one — results from the union of the collectors of the right and left lobes, and receives, as well (ts its roots, varied number of affluents. A secondary system is composed by the Santorini duct; this one opens, by its central extremity, directly in the Wirsung duct (53.3%), in the duct of the right lobe (23.3%) or in the duct of the left lobe (23.3%). Anastomosis were seen comunicanting, some times (16.7%), diverses collectors of the pancreatic duct system
The action of Hidroxocobalamina in acute Holocalix balansae, Mich, poisoning in rabbits
The authors poisoned experimentally 15 rabbits by an intravenous administration of an aqueous extract of Holocalix balansae, Mich. The animals were distributed in 3 groups, each one composed by 5 animals. Group A was considered as controll, and did not receive any protection by hidroxocobalamin. Group B received 10 mg/Kg of hidroxocobalamin intravenously, 5 minutes after as intravenous injection of an aqueous extract of Holocalix balansae, Mich. (3,0 g/Kg). Finally, group C received an intravenous dose of hidroxocobalamin (10 mg/Kg) 5 minutes before the intravenous administration of the aqueous extract of Holocalix balansae, Mich. (3,0 g/Kg). The vegetal extract was prepared accordingly with the procedure of SOUZA 11 (1967). The presence of cyanide was confirmed by the qualitative determination of FEIGL 4(1954). All animals of group A died 10 minutes after the injection of the aqueous extract preceded by marked respiratory alterations. No death was observed among the animals of groups B and C. Alterations of the respiratory frequency were observed in the animals of group B, during the 5 minutes before the administration of hidroxocobalamin. No alterations were observed in the animals of group C. Finally, the authors concluded that the hidroxocobalamin is an ideal substance for the prophylaxis and treatment of cyanidric poisoning by Holoaclix balansae, Mich, or any other cyanogenetic plant.