Myiasis infestation in advanced lip squamous cell carcinoma due to COVID-19 pandemic-related treatment delays

Abstract

Myiasis, a condition stemming from the parasitic infestation of Diptera fly larvae, constitutes a complication for cancer patients, particularly those with malignant skin wounds. The factors that contribute to myiasis include old age, inadequate hygiene, poor living conditions, vascular disease, and diabetes. Cases of myiasis in neoplastic wounds in the head and neck region are rare and guidelines or recommendations regarding the best treatment approach remain lacking. Herein, we describe a case of myiasis that developed into an extensive squamous cell carcinoma of the lip in an older male adult due to the delay in oncological treatment stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, especially those residing in rural areas, face a notable risk of developing oral myiasis. Therefore, it is imperative that patients and caregivers adopt strict preventive measures to avoid fly infestations in wounds. Maintaining optimal hygiene (including meticulous cleaning with antiseptic solutions before daily dressing changes) is essential to prevent myiasis. Adequate wound coverage is crucial, especially during warmer seasons.