Estrategias adoptadas para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la tuberculosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2025.214684Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Pulmonar, Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento, Cumplimiento de la MedicaciónResumen
OBJETIVO: Identificar en la literatura científica las estrategias adoptadas para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la tuberculosis (TB) pulmonar sensible al régimen farmacológico básico. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática de la literatura realizada según las recomendaciones y el protocolo PRISMA registrado en la plataforma PROSPERO con el registro CRD42022299152. Los artículos fueron extraídos de las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO y Web of Science utilizando la siguiente combinación de palabras clave: Tuberculosis AND ("Medication Adherence" OR "Treatment Adherence and Compliance"). La selección de artículos se realizó de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión utilizando el Software StArt 3.0.3 beta. Además, la calidad y el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios se evaluaron mediante las herramientas de evaluación crítica del Instituto Joanna Briggs. RESULTADOS: En esta revisión se incluyeron 11 artículos, observándose que 4 tienen una calidad alta, 6 moderada y 1 baja. Las intervenciones se agruparon en cuatro categorías: promoción, recordatorios, psicológicas e implementadas a través de dispositivos o sistemas. CONCLUSIÓN: Los estudios mostraron heterogeneidad en los resultados encontrados en relación a la efectividad de estas estrategias para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la TB, lo que posiblemente esté asociado a la alta eficacia del tratamiento directamente observado (DOT), utilizado como control de intervenciones, divergencias y fallas metodológicas en los estudios incluidos. Las limitaciones de esta revisión sistemática incluyen el uso de la misma estrategia de búsqueda en todas las bases de datos, la exclusión de otras bases de datos relevantes, la restricción de idioma y la exclusión de participantes con diagnóstico de TB extrapulmonar o resistente a los medicamentos.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Hugo Barcelos de Matos, Catherine Marques Barros, Erica Toledo de Mendonça, Deise Moura de Oliveira, Tiago Ricardo Moreira
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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