Sintomas depressivos na infância interferem na inteligência na idade adulta?

Janielle Ferreira de Brito Lima; Raina Jansen Cutrim Propp Lima; Mônica Araújo Batalha; Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva; Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro; Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004918

Authors

Janielle Ferreira de Brito Lima Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-2763
Raina Jansen Cutrim Propp Lima Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-5648
Mônica Araújo Batalha Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0961-5151
Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4968-5138
Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-4527
Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Departamento de Saúde Pública. São Luís, MA, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1529-0165

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004918

Keywords:

Child, Adult, Depression, Intelligence

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of depressive symptoms in childhood on the intellectual development of young adults. METHODS: Study conducted with a birth cohort of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, composed of 339 participants evaluated between 7 and 9 years and between 18 and 19 years. Structural equation modeling (young adult education, sex, race/color) and childhood variables (nutritional status, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, head of household’s and mother’s education, family income) were used. In addition, head of household’s occupation, mother’s age, and presence of partner were tested as determinants of adults’ intelligence quotient (IQ). RESULTS: Presence of depressive symptoms in childhood triggered a reduction of 0.342 in standard deviation (SD) and -3.83 points in the average IQ of adults (p-value < 0.001). Cognitive function in childhood had a total and direct positive effect (standardized coefficient [SC] = 0.701; p-value < 0.001) on IQ, increasing 7.84 points with each increase in level. A positive indirect effect of child nutritional status (SC = 0.194; p-value = 0.045), head of household’s (SC = 0.162; p-value = 0.036), and mother’s education was identified, the latter mediated by cognitive function in childhood (SC = 0.215; p-value = 0.012) on the IQ of young people. CONCLUSION: Presence of depressive symptoms in childhood triggered a long-term negative effect on intelligence, reducing the IQ score in adulthood.

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Do childhood depressive symptoms interfere with intelligence in adulthood?

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