Estratégias comunicacionais em hesitação vacinal infantil: revisão de escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2026060007242Palabras clave:
Vacinação, Hesitação Vacinal, Comunicação em Saúde, Revisão de EscopoResumen
OBJETIVO: Analisar como as configurações comunicativas são abordadas nos estudos empíricos sobre a hesitação vacinal infantil, com ênfase nas estratégias e meios comunicacionais utilizados, bem como nas formas pelas quais esses elementos influenciam as decisões de pais e cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Revisão de escopo, conduzida em cinco bases de dados (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs), sobre hesitação vacinal infantil e estratégias comunicacionais, com artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2017, nos idiomas inglês, português, espanhol e francês. Foram incluídos estudos empíricos sobre vacinação infantil, com a idade das crianças determinada pelo próprio autor do estudo. Para a análise das informações extraídas por cinco pesquisadores de forma independente, foi realizada síntese temática, com base em uma matriz de codificação, que categorizou os achados em temas centrais. A análise foi orientada teoricamente com base no conceito de configurações comunicativas de Hepp e Hasebrink. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 22 estudos, os quais foram majoritariamente realizados nos Estados Unidos (n = 9), envolvendo principalmente pais/cuidadores e profissionais de saúde. As redes sociais destacaram-se como mídia central, com papel ambivalente: como meio de desinformação, mas também de mensagens pró-vacina. Estratégias com mensagens científicas claras, a ferramenta Motive e a análise de discursos antivacina mostraram-se promissoras para aumentar a intenção de vacinar. Relações de confiança entre médicos e famílias e a personalização das mensagens foram identificadas como fundamentais. CONCLUSÃO: A comunicação em saúde é fundamental no enfrentamento da hesitação vacinal infantil. Os estudos avaliados indicam que estratégias integradas, combinando políticas públicas baseadas em evidências com comunicação personalizada e culturalmente sensível são essenciais para promover adesão à vacinação e maior confiança nas vacinas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Elisangela Rodolfo Miras, Cristiane Spadacio, Bruna Aparecida Gonçalves, Elda de Oliveira, Paulo Henrique Nico Monteiro, Luan Nascimento Lázaro, Pamela Machado Polato, Júlia Zaparolli, Lorruan Alves dos Santos, Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim Matos, Carolina Luisa Alves Barbieri, Marcia Thereza Couto
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Números de la subvención 2023/17912-4 -
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Números de la subvención 420574/2023-9
