Plant growth regulators and 'Honey' orange fruit chemical thinning

Abstract

Alternate bearing is an important caracteristic of some mandarins that reduces fruit quality and yield in tangor Murcott, and to reduce this effect is necessary to perform fruit thinning to avoid high and low production year by year. To evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators on fruit thinning of the 'honey' orange, an auxin (NAA-naphthalene acetic acid) and ethephon (ethylene), were applied 40 days after full bloom in an experiment carried out at Pratania, S.P., Brazil. Five-year-old plants grafted on Rangpur lime were used, sprayed with NAA (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1 and ethephon (200, 300, 400 mg L-1), both in water solution, containing 0.05% of non ionic wetting agent. Fruit number was determined before treatment applications in two shoots per plant. NAA did not promote significant differences on fruit thinning (between 7 to 14 %), however, the application of ethephon, at all rates, increased fruit thinning by 41.6 to 66.6%, with concentrations of 200 to 400 mg L-1 respectively, without leaf drop. Application of NAA did not promote chemical fruit thinning whereas ethephon showed high percentage of fruit thinning after full bloom with increased concentrations.