SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português)
SMAD, Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas is an electronic journal, open-access, peer-reviewed, which receives research manuscripts that address all aspects of mental health, alcohol, tobacco, and other psychotropic drugs under different approaches (psychosocial and neuroscience). Being an open-access journal means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. Contributions are accepted by researchers from various fields of knowledge whose research subjects are related to our content. Submission Languages Portuguese, English, or Spanish Mission To share experiences and knowledge produced by employees and researchers in the area of mental health, alcohol, and drugs. ISSN Online: 1806-6976
Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo
Neurobiological effects of alcohol and implications for cognitive processes: a literature review
Objective: to investigate, through the literature, whether alcohol consumption, especially among young people, induces neurobiological alterations in cognitive brain areas; whether the exposure pattern influences potential damage; and whether abstinence reverses or minimizes these effects. Methodology: the selection of the articles use occurred through searches on research platforms with the assistance of pre-established descriptors. Results: the analysis of the studies revealed evidence that the consumption of alcoholic beverages, especially excessive intake, causes damage in brain regions associated with learning and memory. Evidence was found that such consumption affects individuals of all age groups, however, adolescents proved more vulnerable. It was observed that abstinence may prove essential for improving the harmful effects attributed to alcohol use, especially neurocognitive ones. Conclusion: considering all the impairments caused by this substance, public initiatives aimed at discouraging its consumption is of great importance.
Copyright (c) 2026 SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The contribution of Community Singing in the assistance provided to patients at a Psychiatric Day Hospital
Objective: to verify the contribution of Community Singing in the assistance provided to patients at a Psychiatric Day Hospital. Methodology: a research study developed with twelve patients participating in Community Singing (a music choir) at the Day Hospital, who answered a questionnaire and a recorded interview. Field notes were taken. The data were analyzed in the light of Qualitative Analysis. Results: the number of positive feelings awakened during the meetings was approximately four and a half times higher than for the negative ones. All the patients asserted feeling pleasure when taking part in Community Singing. Half of them related music tunes to traumas and moments marked by difficulties and the other half only related them to pleasurable moments and used them to unload the pressure of negative emotions. As for personal and social interactions, the study showed that the participants exchanged experiences when sharing songs by means of the lyrics and through singing, strengthening interpersonal interactions both in and out of the Day Hospital. Conclusion: it was possible to verify that the patients presented improvements in relation to self-esteem and stability of their symptoms, as they asserted that singing helps them at difficult moments, assisting them during crises, modifying their mood, favoring socialization, bringing significant memories to the surface and contributing for them to be more aware of and engaged with their treatments.
Scientific production of the Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental, Álcool e Drogas (2005–2023): a bibliometric study
Objective: to describe the bibliometric characteristics of the scientific production of the Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental, Álcool e Drogas from 2005 to 2023. Methodology: a descriptive bibliometric study based on the keyword co-occurrence analysis technique using VOSviewer® software. The data source for this study were articles available on the website of the Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental, Álcool e Drogas from February 2005 to June 2023. Four hundred and eighty-five articles were selected, downloaded, concatenated in Zotero, and subsequently analyzed using VOSviewer® software. Results: the population consisted of 485 articles from 2005 to 2023, averaging 25.5 per year. The most frequently published topics were: mental health, substance use disorders, alcoholism, nursing, illicit drugs, adolescents, students, and mental disorders. Conclusion: the Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental, Álcool e Drogas is a source of information and a platform for the advancement of scientific knowledge in the area of mental health and substance use, contributing to the scientific community and clinical practice in Brazil.
Nicotine replacement therapies for smoking cessation in prisons: an integrative review
Objective: to synthesize and describe the available evidence on the use of nicotine replacement therapies for smoking cessation in people deprived of liberty, identifying intervention characteristics, outcomes, and gaps in the literature. Methodology: integrative literature review. A total of 154 articles were found in three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. After screening according to the PRISMA protocol, eight studies were included in the review. Results: the present review included eight articles that evaluated as outcome the efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy in people deprived of liberty. Of these, five indicated that the association of this treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in better smoking cessation rates. Another two studies indicated benefits with the exclusive use of the outcome analyzed, while one article did not identify significant positive effects. Conclusion: it was observed that nicotine replacement therapies are effective methods to promote smoking cessation, especially when combined with behavioral therapies.
Oral hygiene in people with mental disorders: perceptions of psychosocial care professionals
Objective: to understand the perceptions of professionals from Psychosocial Care Centers about oral hygiene behaviors and their associated factors in people with mental disorders. Methodology: a qualitative study with 20 mental health professionals from three Psychosocial Care Centers. The data were produced through semi-structured interviews and later analyzed based on hermeneutic-dialectic precepts. Results: professionals were aware of the difficult living conditions of most users, highlighting how such circumstances limited access to oral hygiene products and health/oral health services. Oral hygiene behaviors were evaluated unsatisfactorily, being hampered by factors such as the severity of the mental disorder, difficult living conditions, limited access to oral health services, and cultural issues. Conclusion: according to the professionals’ perceptions, inadequate oral hygiene behaviors followed the same pattern observed in the field of users’ general hygiene, making their existence even more difficult in a context of high vulnerability.
Experiences of Primary Care nurses regarding mental disorders
Objective: to reveal the experiences of Primary Care nurses with regard to mental disorders. Methodology: qualitative research based on the theory of social representations, conducted with Primary Health Care nurses through interviews. The data were processed on the Interface de R Pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software and analyzed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: the results emerged in three classes. The first provides information on the most prevalent mental disorders in the population assisted by nurses and their particularities; the second characterizes the barriers and facilitators for qualified care for those with mental disorders and suffering; and the third brings the questions that permeate the management of mental health cases by nurses. Conclusion: the experience of Primary Care nurses covers mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, the presence of difficulties and facilitators, as well as questions that permeate care provision.
Saúde Mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Copyright (c) 2025 SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Quality in diet worsens with alcohol consumption among women with binge eating disorder
Objective: to analyze alcohol consumption patterns in women with binge eating disorder and to verify its association with diet quality. Methodology: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. Women with binge eating disorder undergoing outpatient follow-up at four specialized eating disorder participated. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, alcohol consumption, binge eating symptoms, and food intake were collected. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively using SPSS version 21.0, and associations were assessed using Pearson’s Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact Test. Results: a total of 50 young adult women participated, predominantly single, employed, and with a high school education. Most (68%) were overweight, had elevated cardiovascular risk (62%), and presented some level of binge eating symptoms. It was found that 38% of the participants exhibited problematic alcohol consumption associated with poorer diet quality and lower vegetable intake compared to women who did not consume alcoholic beverages. Conclusion: problematic alcohol consumption in women with binge eating disorder was frequent and affects diet quality, potentially impairing nutritional status, pharmacological therapy, and compromising the prognosis of the eating disorder.
Bulimia Nervosa; Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar; Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas; Ingestão de Alimentos.
Prevalence and factors associated with alcoholconsumption among pregnant women
Objective: this study aimed to identify prevalence and examine factors related to the risk of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in a Brazilian municipality. Methodology: this is a quantitative cross-sectional study that assessed alcohol consumption among pregnant women. The sample comprised 161 pregnant women receiving follow up care in Primary Care settings. The instruments included a questionnaire for sociodemographic data and the AUDIT test to identify problems related to alcohol use. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and data collection took place individually in the Basic Health Units during antenatal consultations, administered by trained nurses or nursing technicians. Results: findings revealed a high risk of alcohol consumption in 39.1% of participants. Poisson multiple regression analysis confirmed increased risk among pregnant women who were adults (PR = 1.48), single, divorced or widowed (PR = 1.48), with an income exceeding three minimum wages (PR = 1.71) and were brown or black (PR = 1.54). Conclusion: the study revealed a high prevalence of alcohol consumption among pregnant women, with a higher risk among those aged over 24, single, with high income and brown or black skin color.
Drugs and pornography: a comparative analysis ofcompulsive consumption and substance use disorders
Objective: this article aims to analyze the symptoms and effects of compulsive pornography consumption through a systematic review, comparing them with other addictions, particularly alcohol and substance use disorders. Methodology: a systematic review was conducted using two health databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed individuals with alcohol or other drug use disorders and individuals with compulsive pornography consumption, with studies published in Portuguese or English. Results: of 632 articles identified, 14 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. Data were processed using textual analysis software, which classified the articles into nine distinct groups based on lexical similarity. Conclusion: the findings revealed a predominance of studies examining personality traits and behavioral patterns in individuals with addiction, with particular emphasis on diagnosis, behavioral effects, and neurological impacts of compulsive pornography consumption.
Ciências da saúde; saúde mental; saúde coletiva.
Psicologia Social; Saúde Mental; Saúde Coletiva
“QualityRights” toolkit in the evaluation of mental health services: scoping view
Objective: to map how research using the “QualityRights” toolkit to evaluate mental health services is conducted. Methodology: scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. With searches carried out in 22 databases, 27 results were selected and organized, based on the structure of the studies to present how to use the toolkit for evaluating health services proposed by the World Health Organization. Results: the search results express the multicentric perspective of the instrument, production is found in 45 countries, in Africa, Latin America, Asia and Europe. These are mostly local studies, which use the five themes and three proposed tools, predominantly carried out in asylum institutions. The recommendations are systematized in dialogue with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Conclusion: in order to have robust analyses, it is necessary to characterize the sociodemographic profile of the reference population and to analyze in an intersectional manner the inequalities, discrimination, violence and multiple and interdependent violations experienced by the population with mental health problems and resulting from drug use.
Electronic cigarettes use among medical students: relationship with depression and perceived stress
Objective: to identify the prevalence of e-cigarette use among medical students and its association with depressive symptoms and perceived stress levels. Methodology: a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 234 medical students. Data collection included sociodemographic information, lifestyle, e-cigarette use, and assessment of depressive symptoms and perceived stress using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Perceived Stress Scale-10, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, differences between means, and Spearman correlation were performed. Statistical significance was considered for values of p <0.05. Results: the prevalence of e-cigarette use was 65.4%. Students who used e-cigarettes had significantly higher levels of perceived stress (p < 0.001), although no significant difference was found in depressive symptoms (p = 0.296). Regression analysis showed that a one-point increase in perceived stress increased the odds of e-cigarette use by 1.12 times (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.12; 95%CI 1.07–1.18; p < 0.001). Conclusion: the high prevalence of e-cigarette use underscores the need to implement educational interventions and mental health support policies to mitigate e-cigarette use among medical students.
Academic life factors and suicidal behavior in university students at a federal institution
Objective: to understand the factors within academic life that cause psychological suffering and influence suicidal behavior among university students on the humanities campus of a federal institution. Methodology: qualitative research carried out with 67 university students enrolled in six humanities programs; data were collected using an online form, and data analysis was based on the Content Analysis framework. Results: issues related to adaptation, overwhelming demands, intense competition, interpersonal relationships with peers and professors, lack of representativeness, insufficient student retention policies and, difficulty accessing psychological support proved to be detrimental to mental health and contributed to the development of suicidal behavior. Reports included self-harm, suicidal ideation and attempts associated with the adversities within the academic environment. Conclusion: a connection was observed between factors and events in the academic environment and the presence of psychological suffering and suicidal behavior in the participants. However, as suicide is a multifactorial phenomenon, it is not possible to attribute responsibility to a single component, in this case, the academic environment.
Nurses’ perception and nursing care regarding the risk of depression during pregnancy amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: to analyze nurses’ perception and nursing care concerning the risk of depression during pregnancy amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: descriptive study with qualitative approach conducted with 21 nurses involved in prenatal care at Primary Health Care units and a routine-risk Prenatal Outpatient Clinic. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, both in-person and online. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, applying the theoretical framework related to care comprehensiveness. Results: two themes were identified following careful data analysis: (i) nurses’ knowledge about the risk of depression during pregnancy as a trigger for care; (ii) nursing care for pregnant women at risk of depression during pregnancy. Conclusion: nursing care regarding the risk of depression during pregnancy amid the COVID-19 pandemic was linked to nurses’ perception of the risk of disorder development, their knowledge about risk factors, and facilitators and barriers related to its onset.
Race/Skin color and psychological distress in Nursing teams during the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: to verify the relationship between mental distress and race/skin color of Nursing professionals working in the COVID-19 context. Methodology: a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational and quantitative study with a non-probability sampling approach, using the snowball technique with 1,737 Nursing professionals. Virtual collection with a personal/work characterization questionnaire and the Mental Symptoms Assessment Scale-40-R. The G*power software version 3.0 was used. Significance level of p<0.05. The post hoc power analysis was 100% with effect power of 0.50. Results: predominance of white-skinned nurses (51.2%) and black/brown-skinned nursing technicians (46.3%). Higher mean value in the Psychoticism domain among black/brown-skinned professionals (p=0.048), who earn lower salaries than their white-skinned peers (48.8%, p=0.001). The latter were dissatisfied with the spaces provided to relax between work and shift changes (55.3%, p=0.033), receive less psychological/emotional support from the institution where they work/study (graduate level) (19.5%, p=0.004), had more of deaths of family members, friends, neighbors and work/study peers due to COVID-19 (30.7%) than the white-skinned participants. White- and black-/brown-skinned professionals were satisfied with alcohol gel availability (p=0.001) and the conditions for washing their hands (p=0.001). Conclusion: these findings raise concerns about working conditions, neglect by health institutions and social inequality that affect the mental health of female black/brown-skinned professionals.
Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa Nóbrega
Teaching the Nursing Process in mental health fromthe perspective of the unconscious subject
Objective: to develop a methodological proposal for teaching nursing care in mental health based on the Nursing Process and through the therapeutic relationship, based on the perspective of the unconscious subject. Methodology: theoretical study that uses as a reference psychoanalytic concepts that operate in the field of language in which the function of speech under transfer puts into effect the reality of the unconscious expressed by the subject. Results: the study was divided into two topics: methodological proposal for teaching the Nursing Process through the transference relationship; and aligning important concepts for teaching the Nursing Process through the transference relationship. Conclusion: the teacher, acting in line with the biopsychosocial care model, mimics the pedagogical relationship for therapy, by occupying the place of semi-telling and positioning himself in relation to the student in order to supervise him through the work of the clinical case. The student assumes the position of therapeutic and innovative agent with unique know-how and care that respects the subject’s desire for the development of the Nursing Process.
Competencies in psychiatric emergencies: perceptions of medical course students
Objective: to investigate students’ perception of the medical course regarding the competencies in responding to psychiatric emergencies. Methodology: descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out through the application of questionnaires to students of the medical course, focusing on their experiences with psychiatric emergencies, knowledge, and ability to act in such situations. The data obtained was coded and inserted into Microsoft Excel software to perform descriptive statistical analysis using comparisons of percentages. Results: a total of 90.9% had contact with psychiatric emergencies, and 75% had already participated in classes on the subject. Feel secure or partially secure: 43.2% to carry out care, 52.3% to identify the condition, excluding its possible differential diagnoses, 31.8% with their knowledge of safety measures, 40.9% to carry out mechanical restraint, 61.4% to perform pharmacological containment and 54.5% felt satisfied or partially satisfied with their ability to perform the psychiatric examination. In addition, 27.2% of students considered their knowledge excellent or good, and 88.6% felt the need to participate in training courses. Conclusion: the findings suggest a need for more comprehensive discussion and training in this area in order to generate more qualified doctors.
Suicide ideation or attempt among children and adolescents: integrative review of nursing practice
Objective: to analyze the practice of nurses in the face of suicidal ideation and attempts by children and adolescents according to information available in the literature. Methodology: integrative review carried out in the Virtual Health Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science with a time frame from 2013 to 2023. Peer review and double-blind selection resulted in 11 publications. The analysis was thematic. Results: the studies point to nurses’ difficulties in taking an individualized and humanized approach, recording information in medical records and planning mental health care. Nurses’ lack of knowledge and training can lead to inadequate care. Five tools were found for identifying suicide risk that can be used with children and adolescents aged between 7 and 21 years. Conclusion: nurses’ lack of knowledge makes it difficult to identify suicide ideation and attempts in children and adolescents in a variety of contexts. There is a need for nurses to assess and identify suicidal ideation and risk behaviors during care. In this sense, it is necessary for existing instruments to be translated and validated in Brazil in order to optimize the early identification of suicidal ideation and attempts.
Juliana Rezende Montenegro Medeiros de Moraes
Nursing care for children with mental disorders: integrative literature review
Objective: to know what evidence is found in the literature on nursing care provided to children with mental disorders. Methodology: integrative review of the literature, whose search was carried out in the National Library of Medicine, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, SciVerse Scopus, Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science databases, through of the descriptors “pediatric nursing”, “psychiatric nursing” and “mental disorders”. Data analysis consisted of two phases: reading and evaluating the abstracts; and reading the full articles after selection in the previous phase. Results: 24 articles were selected and a low level of evidence was found regarding the care investigated, which is based on health care models, with an emphasis on the biomedical and biopsychosocial models. Conclusion: nursing care for children with mental disorders can advance in line with the biopsychosocial care model and psychiatric nursing through matrix support and the use of the Nursing Process. The nurse can provide care centered on children who live in a social environment, building partnerships with parents and family members and offering care based on theoretical references that support the relationship.
Mental health of healthcare workers in the hospital and ICU context during the COVID-19 pandemic: scoping review
Objective: to map the changes in healthcare workers’ mental health reported in the literature. Methodology: a scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual for Scoping Reviews. The sample included nursing, medical, and physiotherapy teams providing direct care to COVID-19 patients in hospital and intensive care unit settings. Information sources such as CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, BVS, Scopus, and the WHO’s gray literature were searched. Results: seventy-two studies were selected, focusing on anxiety, burnout, depression, and traumatic stress, with a predominance of Asian studies. The main findings indicate that being a female nurse between 30 and 50 years old is associated with mental health problems, while physiotherapists with children have a higher risk of depression and burnout. Physicians in teaching hospitals exhibit high levels of anxiety. Conclusion: the study concludes that being a woman in any professional group is strongly associated with mental health issues. This study highlights the importance of prevention strategies, public policies for worker health protection, crisis therapies, and improving working conditions to implement effective interventions.
Psychiatric urgency and emergency: nursing care and profile of patients treated at the Emergency Care Uni
Objective: to describe the perception and understanding of nursing professionals regarding emergency and psychiatric emergency care; and know the profile of patients treated in the Emergency Care Unit. Methodology: multi-method research, complementing qualitative and quantitative approaches. A search for data was carried out in the medical records of patients diagnosed with mental health problems and interviews were conducted with 16 nursing professionals. Quantitative data were analyzed by gross and relative frequency; qualitative data by Thematic Analysis. Results: the majority of patients with mental health problems were men between 25-29 years old (25.6%) and women between 14-19 years old (25%), without risk stratification (59.2%; 54.2%), remained in the unit between 1h-5h59m (43.3%;37.5%) in need of continued care. Regarding the reasons for seeking care, depressive crises and anxiety stood out among women; and substance abuse and psychomotor agitation among men. Three thematic categories emerged: Recognizing psychiatric urgency and emergency; (Lack of) care for patients with psychiatric disorders in emergency services; (Dis)continuity of care for individuals with psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: nursing professionals understand concepts of urgency and psychiatric emergencies; however, they feel insecure and require an adequate structure for care. Coordination with the psychosocial network could guarantee more effective care for this population.
Suffering and harm from work in Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Centers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: to assess the suffering and damage related to the work of CAPS AD in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Data collection took place from October 2020 to May 2022, with 79 workers from seven CAPS AD in Porto Alegre-RS. The collection instrument consisted of sociodemographic data, work, lifestyle habits and the Protocol for the Evaluation of Psychosocial Risks at Work (PROAT). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used using the SPSS program. Results: psychosocial risk was assessed as low by the Pathogenic Suffering Scale and the Work-Related Injury Scale. With regard to suffering, the indignity factor obtained the highest average (2.135) and My work is stressful (2.81), My work is tiring (2.75) and My work overloads me (2.50) presented medium risk. As for damage to health, the highest score was for the physical factor (2.246) and the items back pain (2.67) and headaches (2.53) were at medium risk. Conclusion: the psychosocial risks were assessed as low, but it should be noted that the suffering and damage caused by work, such as fatigue and overload, have been aggravated by the pandemic.
Therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: an integrative review
Objective: to investigate, in light of the scientific literature, the efficacy of the therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Methodology: this is an integrative literature review that gathered articles based on a systematized methodology. The search for studies was conducted through the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), SciVerse Scopus, and Web of Science, using Health Sciences Descriptors. Results: the sample included 16 scientific articles, all indicating a growing trend in exploring Cannabis sativa compounds for symptomatic treatment of the disease. Experimental laboratory studies stand out among the findings, as well as the analysis of the optimal non-toxic dose for treatment efficacy. Treatment efficacy is demonstrated by the delay and/or reduction of behavioral symptoms of the disease, resulting in improved quality of life for the involved family context. Conclusion: the use of Cannabis sativa compounds demonstrated efficacy in the symptomatic treatment of individuals with Alzheimer’s, revealing medical advancements and a paradigm shift regarding the plant. The presented evidence sheds light on specific nuances that may impact not only the life of the person with the disease but also the entire family dynamic.
Evaluation of factors related to patients’ medicationadherence at a Psychosocial Care Center
Objective: to evaluate factors related to medication adherence in patients with mental disorders at a Psychosocial Care Center. Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional cohort study, through analysis of medical records and semi-structured interviews. Results: of the 50 patients, the majority were female, single, black or brown, incomplete primary education, unemployed, aged 50 to 59 years. 58% of patients showed good adherence to medication; 50% forget to take their medication, 84% have clearer thoughts when medicated, and 90% said that their health depended on these medications, preventing the disease from worsening. Haloperidol was the most prescribed medication, at 58% of patients, and the main cause of adverse reactions and drug interactions, in 54% of prescriptions. Furthermore, 40% of patients had difficulty reading the medication packaging. Conclusion: the majority of participants regularly use medications and recognize their importance. They understand that interrupting treatment may worsen the clinical condition. A significant portion of patients did not have good adherence to pharmacotherapy, justified by adverse reactions and side effects, probably aggravated by drug interactions. Low education becomes an important factor in medication adherence.
The training of Primary Health Care nurses who care for psychoactive substances users
Objective: to characterize the training profile of Primary Health Care nurses who care for people who use psychoactive substances. Methodology: cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 15 Family Health Strategy nurses, using a semi-structured instrument. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: nurses took at least one undergraduate (80%) and postgraduate (23%) course that addressed the use of psychoactive substances, and received training/qualification (47%). In relation to the perception of knowing how to manage the situation when caring for these people, those who had contact with the subject, during their undergraduate studies knew how to manage the situation (45%), in postgraduate studies, they were indifferent (67%) and during training courses they didn't know how to handle it (42%). Those who had no contact with the topic during graduation (67%) and in training/qualification (63%), know how to manage the situation; in postgraduate studies, they don’t know (50%). Both those who have and those who have not had contact with the issue feel they need training to work with this demand. Conclusion: content on psychoactive substances was present at some point in nurses' professional training, but they recognize the need for continued training to care for people who use psychoactive substances.
Psychosocial factors associated with problematic alcohol use
Objective: to identify the psychosocial factors associated with different patterns of alcohol consumption in the Brazilian southeastern population. Methodology: a study was carried out in which data was collected using a digital form containing sociodemographic questions, psychometric tests and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis method was used to analyze the associations between the variables and 4 models were developed: control versus risky use, control versus harmful use, control versus possible dependence and control versus problematic use. Results: a sample of 774 people was obtained, of which 296 (38%) had problematic alcohol use. Additionally, a number of factors were found to be associated with different types of alcohol consumption, which included color/race, age, income, education, form of sewage disposal, experience with a romantic breakup, violence victimization and personality traits. Conclusion: several psychosocial factors associated with different types of alcohol consumption were identified, these being relevant social determinants of health. However, based on other research, it is necessary to observe how these factors interact with consumption and with each other, to obtain a better characterization of the population segments most susceptible to problematic patterns of alcohol use.
Factors related to psychological stress in postgraduate students: integrative review
Objective: to analyze scientific evidence on factors related to psychological stress among postgraduate students. Methodology: integrative review carried out in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Nursing Database, bibliographic index Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and Bibliographic Index Español en Ciencias de la Salud. The controlled descriptors Estudantes/Students, Estresse Psicológico/Stress, Psychological and Educação de Pós-Graduação/Education, Graduate were used. Results: the final sample consisted of 17 studies which showed that postgraduate students have high stress levels and that the related symptoms negatively affected the student’s relationship with the course. Difficulties in time management and the high demands of the programs were identified as main predictors of stress. Conclusion: the synthesis revealed that difficulties in reconciling time with leisure activities and the program’s demands, inattention to to personal life, curricular requirements, insecurity in relation to the professional future, financial problems linked to the costs of self-financing their research, imbalances in relationship with advisors and reduced time for family and friends are all factors related to psychological stress among postgraduate students.
Nicole Maria Brandim de Mesquita Alencar
Copyright (c) 2024 SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
State of humor of postgraduate students from Mato Grosso during the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: to investigate the mood of postgraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional and quantitative study. The population consisted of students from postgraduate courses in the field of health. Data were collected using two instruments, a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Brunel Mood Scale in digital form. Multivariate analysis of variance was used. Univariate differences between means were tested using Tukey's test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: female gender, age between 19 and 29 years, monthly income higher than four minimum wages and employment parallel to postgraduate studies predominated. Multivariate statistical significance was found for all variables (p<0.05). In the univariate analysis of the comparison of the means of the dependent variables by gender, there was only statistical significance between the means for the variable vigor (p=0.001). Conclusion: sociodemographic determinants may be risk factors for the development of mood disorders throughout life. Therefore, interventions to promote mental health among postgraduate health students are essential to maintain the quality of life and emotional well-being of this population, through psychosocial support to regulate mood and maintain a better quality of mental health.
Profile of licit and illicit drug use among health studentsat a public university: a cross-sectional study
Objective: to characterize the use of psychoactive substances among health students at a public university. Methodology: it was carried out using the online instrument The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test - ASSIST plus sociodemographic questions and habits after entering university, with a sample of 217 students from courses considered health area. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression, with significance at p<0.05. Results: a significant difference in frequency was found between cocaine use and female sex (APR: 0.24; p<0.05; 95%CI: 1.21-13.15) and age 22-36 years (APR: 8.46; p<0.05; 95%CI: 1.90-37.67), between hypnotics and age 22-36 years (APR: 2. 88; p<0.05; 95%CI: 1.23-6, 61), opioids and female sex (APR: 0.067; p<0.05; 95%CI: 0.008-0.56), and substance use and socializing with friends who use them (APR: 1.23, p<0.05; 95%CI: 1.01-1.49). Conclusions: it opens up possibilities for research and preventive measures against the use of psychoactive substances among academics.
Daily life and emotional states of stress and anxiety in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
Objective: to discuss the changes in the daily lives and emotional states of health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Methodology: focus groups were held weekly and synchronously for six weeks, lasting approximately 1.5 hours. The recordings were transcribed, analyzed, and categorized using the interpretative narrative phenomenological method. Results: the categories found were: changes in routine and daily life; precarious working conditions; changes in emotional states; and individual strategies aimed at mental health care. Conclusion: the pandemic has aggravated situations of psychological distress motivated by fear of contamination, overload, and precarious working conditions, as well as tensions arising from the Brazilian political scenario. The main strategies that professionals found to deal with this situation were to carry out meaningful activities and to search virtually for a loved one to talk to or carry out some activity adapted to the distance.
Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and other drugs: overview of implementation
Objective: to analyze the implementation of Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and other drugs in a region of the national territory. Methodology: this is a thematic section of a cross-sectional study on the implementation of the Psychosocial Care Network in the region, based on the organization and analysis of information collected from government databases and consultation with the National Mental Health Coordination. The 853 municipalities in the region were considered and, after organizing the data in a single database, indicators of implementation of the Psychosocial Care Network and the services that comprise it were produced. The indicator values were analyzed considering the coverage established by the Ministry of Health and the classification of the state’s health regions based on socioeconomic development, supply and complexity of services. Results: the region has good implementation of Psychosocial Care Centers, with 369 units and an implementation index of 1.41. Of these, those focused on alcohol and other drugs represent 58 units, and the implementation rate for this service is 0.30. Conclusion: the implementation of alcohol and drug services is at an initial stage in the region researched, characterized by regional heterogeneity, which should guide strategies for expanding and strengthening these services.