A Escala de Depressão Geriátrica pode ser utilizada para rastrear quedas em idosos comunitários?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v28i1a185247Palavras-chave:
Acidentes por Quedas, Depressão, Medo, IdosoResumo
Sintomas depressivos estão associados a ocorrência de quedas em idosos, portanto, torna-se importante definir pontos de corte diferenciados entre os sexos na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada (GDS-15) que discriminem maior propensão a quedas, para identificar e implementar estratégias de reabilitação preventivas precoces. Objetivo: Determinar a acurácia da GDS-15, com valores diferenciados entre os sexos, para rastrear quedas em idosos comunitários e verificar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e quedas utilizando-se os pontos de corte propostos. Método: Estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística, incluindo 308 idosos comunitários. Considerou-se o histórico de quedas nos últimos 12 meses, classificado de forma dicotômica (sim ou não) como variável dependente e a avaliação dos sintomas depressivos através da GDS-15 como variável independente. Utilizou-se a Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve para analisar a sensibilidade e especificidade da GDS-15, e a Regressão Logística Multivariável para verificar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e quedas. Resultados: Os pontos de corte que melhor discriminaram quedas na GDS foram ≥4 pontos para mulheres [AUC:0,61 (IC95%: 0,54;0,69)] e ≥3 pontos para homens [AUC:0,65 (IC95%: 0,57;0,74)]. Em ambos os sexos, os idosos com sintomas depressivos apresentaram maiores chances de sofrer quedas em comparação aos que não tiveram os sintomas, sendo 3,05 (IC95%: 1,16;8,05) vezes maior nos homens e 2,28 (IC95%: 1,21;4,31) vezes maior nas mulheres, mesmo após o ajuste para faixa etária, multimorbidade e nível de atividade física. Conclusão: A GDS-15 pode ser utilizada para o rastreio de quedas em idosos, sendo indicado utilizar valores discriminativos diferenciados entre os sexos.
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