Phenol as a neurolithic agent in the treatment of focal and multifocal spasticity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v26i1a163003Keywords:
Phenol, Muscle Spasticity, Nerve Block, TherapeuticsAbstract
The pyramidal syndrome occurs in central nervous system injuries that affect the corticospinal pathways and are defined by the triad of muscular weakness, increased myotatic reflexes and spasticity, which is defined by the involuntary increase in resistance to passive movement that varies in intensity according to the velocity of joint movement. When spasticity interferes with the patient's functioning, making it difficult to actively move, causing pain, or making it difficult to receive care from others, treatment must be stated. For the treatment of generalized spasticity or for large portions of the body, drug intervention may be used either orally or intrathecally, depending on available resources, but undesirable and variable intensity side effects may occur, especially impairment of attention or awareness, which further delays the rehabilitation process. Focal treatment of spasticity utilizes botulinum toxin or nerve blocks with phenol or alcohol. This article reviews the literature on the most suitable techniques for performing phenol neurolysis. Neuromuscular blockade with phenol is an effective treatment, with immediate action, low cost, prolonged duration and few adverse effects when the regular care of application is respected.
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