Attitudinal barriers from the perspective of people with physical disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v28i1a184308Keywords:
Disabled Persons, Attitude, Barriers to Access of Health Services, Surveys and QuestionnairesAbstract
Objective: To quantify attitudes toward disabilities, perceived by persons with disabilities (PWDs) treated at a university hospital in Brazil, as well as to determine whether PWD-perceived attitudinal barriers correlate with various factors. Methods This was a cross-sectional, observational study of PWDs who completed the Attitudes to Disability Scale for persons with physical disabilities (ADS-D), which quantifies the perceived attitudinal barrier, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The data were correlated with sex, income, depression, FIM score, type of disability and time since the onset of disability. Results: We evaluated 68 patients - 50.0% with a spinal cord injury, 38.2% with one or more amputated limbs and 11.8% with hemiplegia - of whom 66.2% were male, with a mean age of 39.33 ± 12.89 years, a mean of 10.95 ± 4.25 years of schooling, a median time since the onset of disability of 20.5 months (range, 10.5–33.5 months) and a median FIM score of 110.5 (range, 94–116.5). Of the 68 patients, 55.9% perceived their income to be below the national average, and depression was observed in 11.76%. The mean ADS-D total score (61.29 ± 8.75) did not correlate with sex, functionality, type of disability or time since the onset of disability. The perceived magnitude of the attitudinal barrier correlated with income (β-coefficient: −3.91; p = 0.001) and depression (β = −1.74; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Attitudinal barriers are influenced by income as a facilitator of inclusion and by depression as a barrier to inclusion.
Downloads
References
Organização Mundial de Saúde. CIF: Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. São Paulo: EDUSP; 2003.
World Health Organization. World report on disability. Geneva; WHO; 2011.
Chade MLMN. Imperfeitos e esquecidos: os deficientes físicos, sua condição, barreiras e atitudes no município de São Paulo. [Dissertação]. São Paulo; Fundação Getúlio Vargas; 1988.
Ajzen I. Nature and operation of attitudes. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:27-58. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.27
Copestake P, Sheikh S, Johnston S, Bollen A. Removing barriers, raising disabled people's living standards. London: Ipsos MORI; 2014.
Pacheco KMB, Alves VLR. A história da deficiência, da marginalização a inclusão social: uma mudança de paradigma. Acta Fisiatr. 2007; 14(4): 242-248. Doi: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v14i4a102875
Fechio MB, Pacheco KMB, Kaihami HN, Alves VLR. A repercussão da lesão medular na identidade do sujeito. Acta Fisiatr. 2009; 16(1):38-42.
Power MJ, Green AM; WHOQOL-DIS Group. The Attitudes to Disability Scale (ADS): development and psychometric properties. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010;54(9):860-74. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01317.x
Zheng QL, Tian Q, Hao C, Gu J, Lucas-Carrasco R, Tao JT, et al. The role of quality of care and attitude towards disability in the relationship between severity of disability and quality of life: findings from a cross-sectional survey among people with physical disability in China. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014;12:25. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-12-25
Zheng Q, Tian Q, Hao C, Gu J, Tao J, Liang Z, et al. Comparison of attitudes toward disability and people with disability among caregivers, the public, and people with disability: findings from a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1024. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3670-0
Bredemeier J, Agranonik M, Perez TS and Fleck MPA. Evidence of Validity of the Brazilian Version of ADS: of Attitudes towards Disabilities. SM J Community Med. 2015;1(1):1002.
Bredemeier J, Agranonik M, Perez TS, Fleck MP. Brazilian version of the Quality of Care Scale: the perspective of people with disabilities. Rev Saude Publica. 2014;48(4):583-93. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2014048005056
Bredemeier J. Qualidade de vida, qualidade de cuidado e atitudes frente a incapacidade em pessoas com incapacidades físicas e intelectuais [Tese]. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2013.
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
Castro MM, Quarantini L, Batista-Neves S, Kraychete DC, Daltro C, Miranda-Scippa A. Validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with chronic pain. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2006;56(5):470-7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-70942006000500005
Marcolino JA, Mathias LA, Piccinini Filho L, Guaratini AA, Suzuki FM, Alli LA. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: a study on the validation of the criteria and reliability on preoperative patients. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2007;57(1):52-62. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-70942007000100006
Granger CV, Hamilton BB, Keith RA, Zielezny M, Sherwin FS. Advances in functional assessment for rehabilitation. Topics Geriatr Rehabil.1986;1(3):59-74.
Riberto M, Miyazaki MH, Jucá SSH, Sakamoto H, Pinto PPN, Battistella LR. Validação da Versão Brasileira da Medida de Independência Funcional. Acta Fisiatr. 2004;11(2):72-6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20040003
Gill F, Stenfert Kroese B, Rose J. General practitioners' attitudes to patients who have learning disabilities. Psychol Med. 2002;32(8):1445-55. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702006608
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Acta Fisiátrica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
