No lastro da imagem: o cinema e a construção do espaço público na Cidade do Cabo, África do Sul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-303X.i43pe206247Palavras-chave:
cinema, mar, segregação racial, remoções forçadas, centro cívicoResumo
O planejamento urbano da Cidade do Cabo, na África do Sul, bem como as políticas de segregação racial que o nortearam, informaram a construção de cinemas do distrito central e a zona informalmente conhecida como “Cinelândia”, onde se concentraram cineteatros racialmente restritos e elitizados. Este artigo aborda a segregação do lazer através da construção e demolição, em 1972, do Cinema Alhambra, também conhecido como “Mother Theatre”, como uma lente para as transformações do centro da cidade e para compreender a relação da cidade com o litoral e o acesso ao mar. O artigo identifica três momentos-chave que influenciaram essas múltiplas configurações entre públicos de cinema, o mar e a cidade, e como essas foram fundamentais na articulação de projetos estéticos concorrentes na reformulação do espaço publico urbano. O artigo sugere que o cinema oferece uma lente importante para reconhecer as conexões marítimas da cidade, com a construção do litoral e do píer no início do século XX, por meio da importação de filmes europeus e da identificação do cinema com seus laços comerciais imperiais. Num segundo momento, a partir da década de 1930, a cidade passa por transformações nas suas “paisagens cinemáticas”, que renuncia o mar e se volta para o interior, rompendo laços simbólicos metropolitanos e justificando remoções violentas de bairros negros do centro com a inauguração de um “centro cívico” nacionalista Africâner. Por fim, a demolição do Alhambra e construção de um cineteatro nacional demonstra como os cinemas participaram na imaginação de um público nacional e uma topografia racial que até hoje informam a nostalgia pelo cinema.
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