No lastro da imagem: o cinema e a construção do espaço público na Cidade do Cabo, África do Sul

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-303X.i43pe206247

Palavras-chave:

cinema, mar, segregação racial, remoções forçadas, centro cívico

Resumo

O planejamento urbano da Cidade do Cabo, na África do Sul, bem como as políticas de segregação racial que o nortearam, informaram a construção de cinemas do distrito central e a zona informalmente conhecida como “Cinelândia”, onde se concentraram cineteatros racialmente restritos e elitizados. Este artigo aborda a segregação do lazer através da construção e demolição, em 1972, do Cinema Alhambra, também conhecido como “Mother Theatre”, como uma lente para as transformações do centro da cidade e para compreender a relação da cidade com o litoral e o acesso ao mar. O artigo identifica três momentos-chave que influenciaram essas múltiplas configurações entre públicos de cinema, o mar e a cidade, e como essas foram fundamentais na articulação de projetos estéticos concorrentes na reformulação do espaço publico urbano. O artigo sugere que o cinema oferece uma lente importante para reconhecer as conexões marítimas da cidade, com a construção do litoral e do píer no início do século XX, por meio da importação de filmes europeus e da identificação do cinema com seus laços comerciais imperiais. Num segundo momento, a partir da década de 1930, a cidade passa por transformações nas suas “paisagens cinemáticas”, que renuncia o mar e se volta para o interior, rompendo laços simbólicos metropolitanos e justificando remoções violentas de bairros negros do centro com a inauguração de um “centro cívico” nacionalista Africâner. Por fim, a demolição do Alhambra e construção de um cineteatro nacional demonstra como os cinemas participaram na imaginação de um público nacional e uma topografia racial que até hoje informam a nostalgia pelo cinema.

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Biografia do Autor

  • Fernanda Pinto de Almeida, Universidade do Cabo Ocidental

    Fernanda Pinto de Almeida is a Next Generation Researcher at the CHR. Her doctoral dissertation, completed in 2020, offered an analysis of the history of the space, infrastructure and public formation of cinema houses, or “bioscopes,” in twentieth-century Cape Town. Her research has been published in Critical Arts, JSAS, History in Africa, Social Dynamics, Transformation and a forthcoming chapter on colonial cinemas and child audiences in a volume on children and leisure. Her interests are the historical sociology of media, including cinema and photography, and the formation of a public sphere.

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Publicado

2022-12-22

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No lastro da imagem: o cinema e a construção do espaço público na Cidade do Cabo, África do Sul. África, [S. l.], n. 43, p. e206247, 2022. DOI: 10.11606/issn.2526-303X.i43pe206247. Disponível em: https://revistas.usp.br/africa/article/view/206247.. Acesso em: 28 abr. 2024.