Innate immunity and HPV

friends or foes

Authors

  • Rafaella Almeida Lima Nunes Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo
  • Mirian Galliote Morale Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo
  • Gabriela Ávila Fernandes Silva Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo
  • Luisa Lina Villa Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo
  • Lara Termini Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e549s

Keywords:

Innate Immune System, Human Papillomavirus, Cervical Cancer

Abstract

Most human papillomavirus infections are readily cleared by the host immune response. However, in some individuals, human papillomavirus can establish a persistent infection. The persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection is the major risk factor for cervical cancer development. These viruses have developed mechanisms to evade the host immune system, which is an important step in persistence and, ultimately, in tumor development. Several cell types, receptors, transcription factors and inflammatory mediators involved in the antiviral immune response are viral targets and contribute to tumorigenesis. These targets include antigen-presenting cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, Toll-like receptors, nuclear factor kappa B and several cytokines and chemokines, such as interleukins, interferon and tumor necrosis factor. In the present review, we address both the main innate immune response mechanisms involved in HPV infection clearance and the viral strategies that promote viral persistence and may contribute to cancer development. Finally, we discuss the possibility of exploiting this knowledge to develop effective therapeutic strategies.

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Published

2019-02-15

Issue

Section

Review Articles

How to Cite

Nunes, R. A. L., Morale, M. G., Silva, G. Ávila F., Villa, L. L., & Termini, L. (2019). Innate immunity and HPV: friends or foes. Clinics, 73(Suppl. 1), e549s. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e549s