Demographic characteristics and clinical-radiological correlation in patients with indications for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to correlate clinical symptoms and functionality, using the KOOS (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) and KSS (Knee Society Score System) scores, with the radiographic changes, using the Kellgren-Lawrence classification, in patients with knee osteoarthritis and indications for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: 120 patients (189 knees) with gonarthrosis and indications for TKA were included in the study. Demographic questionnaires were applied, and clinical and functional assessment was carried out using the KOOS and KSS scores. Knee radiographs were taken and graded according to Kellgren-Lawrence. The clinical scores were compared with the radiographic classification to establish a correlation between these two measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using the τ-Kendall correlation test. Results: Weak and inversely proportional correlations were found between the clinical scores and the radiographic classification. Among clinical scores evaluated, KSS showed the highest correlation with Kellgren-Lawrence classification (τ = -0.356; p < 0.001), followed by KOOS-quality of life (τ = -0.176; p = 0.004), KOOS-total score (τ = -0.166; p = 0.004), KOOS-function in daily living (τ = -0.160; p = 0.005) and KOOS-symptoms (τ = -0.159; p = 0.006). KOOS-pain (τ = -0.149; p = 0.01) and KOOS-sport and recreation function (τ = -0.142; p = 0.025) scores had the weakest correlations. Conclusion: There is a weak correlation between the clinical-functional scores of TKA candidates and their radiographic classification by Kellgren-Lawrence. Among clinical scores evaluated, KSS had the strongest negative correlation with the radiographic classification.