The effect of the competition of Chinese imports on the health of Brazilian workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/1980-5330/ea172603Keywords:
accidents and occupational diseases, chinese import competition, exogenous shock, instrumental variablesAbstract
This study sought to verify the effect of increased competition from Chinese imports on accidents and illnesses at work in Brazil from 2000 to 2016. For this purpose, the instrumental variable method was used, as well as a set of fixed effects and control variables to capture the effect of interest. The results showed that the increase in competition from Chinese imports positively affected accidents and illnesses at work in Brazil in the period from 2000 to 2016. In addition, sectors with fewer employees have a greater effect of competition from Chinese imports in accidents and diseases at work.
Downloads
References
Adda, J. & Fawaz, Y. (2020). The health toll of import competition. The Economic Journal, London, v. 130, p. 1501-1540.
Alcalá, F. (2016). Specialization across goods and export quality. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 98, p. 216-232.
Almeida, A. T. C. & Araújo Júnior, I. T. (2017). Diferenciais compensatórios de salário para trabalhadores compreferências heterogêneas: evidências para o caso brasileiro. In: XXII Encontro Regional de Economia. Fortaleza: ANPEC.
Angrist, J. D. & Pischke, J. S. (2008). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: an Empiricist’s Companion. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Antoniades, A. (2015). Heterogeneous firms, quality, and trade. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 95, p. 263-273.
Anwar, S. & Sun, S. (2018). Foreign direct investment and export quality upgrading in China’smanufacturing sector. International Review of Economics & Finance, Amsterdam, v. 54, p. 289-298.
Autor, D., Dorn, D. & Hanson, G. H. (2013). The China syndrome: local labor market effects of import competition in the United States. American Economic Review, Nashville, v. 103, p. 2121-68.
Bas, M. & Strauss-Kahn, V. (2015). Input-trade liberalization, export prices and quality upgrading. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 95, p. 250-262.
Bastos, P. & Silva, J. (2010). The quality of a firm’s exports: where you export to matters. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 82, p. 99-111.
Benguria, F. & Ederington, J. (2017). Decomposing the effect of trade on the gender wage gap. Rochester: SSRN. Disponível em: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2907094.
Bernard, A. B., Jensen, J. B. & Schott, P. K. (2006a). Survival of the best fit: exposure to low-wage countries and the (uneven) growth of US manufacturing plants. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 68, p. 219-237.
Bernard, A. B., Jensen, J. B. & Schott, P. K. (2006b). Trade costs, firms and productivity. Journal of Monetary Economics, Amsterdam, v. 53, p. 917-937.
Bloom, N., Draca, M. & Van Reenen, J. (2016). Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese imports on innovation, IT and productivity. The Review of Economic Studies, Oxford, v. 83, p. 87-117.
Brambilla, I. & Porto, G. G. (2016). High-income export destinations, quality and wages. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 98, p. 21-35.
Brown, D. K., Deardorff, A. V. & Stern, R. M. (1996). International Labor Standards and Trade: a Theoretical Analysis. Ann Arbor: Institute of Public Policy Studies, University of Michigan.
Bustos, P. (2011). Trade liberalization, exports, and technology upgrading: evidence on the impact of MERCOSUR on Argentinian firms. American Economic Review, Nashville, v. 101, p. 304-40.
Colantone, I., Crino, R. & Ogliari, L. (2019). Globalization and mental distress. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 119, p. 181-207.
Costa, F., Garred, J. & Pessoa, J. P. (2016). Winners and losers from a commodities-for-manufactures trade boom. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 102, p. 50-69.
DATAPREV (2019). Empresa de Tecnologia e Informações da Previdência Social. Brasília: Base de Dados Históricos de Acidentes do Trabalho. Disponível em: http://www3.dataprev.gov.br/aeat/. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019.
Dix-Carneiro, R. & Kovak, B. K. (2017). Trade liberalization and regional dynamics. American Economic Review, Nashville, v. 107, p. 2908-46.
Dix-Carneiro, R., Soares, R. R. & Ulyssea, G. (2018). Economic shocks and crime: evidence from the Brazilian trade liberalization. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, Nashville, v. 10, p. 158-95.
Esteves, L. A. (2008). Salários e risco de acidentes de trabalho: evidências de diferenciais compensatórios para a indústria manufatureira. Economia Aplicada, Ribeirão Preto, v. 12, p. 275-287.
Flach, L. (2016). Quality upgrading and price heterogeneity: evidence from Brazilian exporters. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 102, p. 282-290.
Gaddis, I. & Pieters, J. (2017). The gendered labor market impacts of trade liberalization evidence from Brazil. Journal of Human Resources, Madison, v. 52, p. 457-490.
Hallak, J. C. (2006). Product quality and the direction of trade. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 68, p. 238-265.
Hallak, J. C. & Schott, P. K. (2011). Estimating cross-country differences in product quality. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Cambridge, v. 126, p. 417-474.
Harkness, E. F., Macfarlane, G. J., Nahit, E., Silman, A. J. & McBeth, J. (2004). Mechanical injury and psychosocial factors in the work place predict the onset of widespread body pain: a two-year prospective study among cohorts of newly employed workers. Arthritis & Rheumatism, Atlanta, v. 50, p. 1655-1664.
Hummels, D. & Klenow, P. J. (2005). The variety and quality of a nation’s exports. American Economic Review, Nashville, v. 95, p. 704-723.
Hummels, D., Munch, J. & Xiang, C. (2015). No Pain, No Gain: the Effects of Exports on Job Injury and Sickness. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. (Working Paper n. 22365).
Kivimäki, M. & Kawachi, I. (2015). Work stress as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Current Cardiology Reports, London, v. 17, p. 1-9.
Kugler, M. & Verhoogen, E. (2012). Prices, plant size, and product quality. The Review of Economic Studies, Oxford, v. 79, p. 307-339.
McManus, T. C. & Schaur, G. (2016). The effects of import competition on worker health. Journal of International Economics, Amsterdam, v. 102, p. 160-172.
MDIC - Ministério da Indústria, Comércio Exterior e Serviços (2019). Base de dados do comércio exterior brasileiro. Brasília: MDIC. Disponível em: http://comexstat.mdic.gov.br/pt/home. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2019.
Melitz, M. J. (2003). The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity. Econometrica, New Haven, v. 71, p. 1695-1725.
O’Reilly, D. & Rosato, M. (2013). Worked to death? A census-based longitudinal study of the relationship between the numbers of hours spent working and mortality risk. International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford, v. 42, p. 1820-1830.
Pavcnik, N. (2002). Trade liberalization, exit, and productivity improvements: Evidence from Chilean plants. The Review of Economic Studies, Oxford, v. 69, p. 245-276.
Pierce, J. R. & Schott, P. K. (2016). The surprisingly swift decline of US manufacturing employment. American Economic Review, Nashville, v. 106, p. 1632-62.
Pinheiro, A. C., Markwald, R. & Pereira, L. V. (2002). O desafio das exportações. Rio de Janeiro: Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Disponível em: https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/bitstream/1408/2064/1/LivroAcesso em: 05 jul. 2020.
Verhoogen, E. A. (2008). Trade, quality upgrading, and wage inequality in the Mexican manufacturing sector. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Cambridge, v. 123, p. 489-530.
Virtanen, M., Heikkilä, K., Jokela, M., Ferrie, J. E., Batty, G. D., Vahtera, J. & Kivimäki, M. (2012). Long working hours and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford, v. 176, p. 586-596.
WITS - World Integrated Trade Solution (2019). Disponível em: https://wits.worldbank.org/WITS/WITS/Restricted/Login.aspx. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2019.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Economia Aplicada
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
