Perfil de lesiones en los practicantes de CrossFit: revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/17014825022018Palabras clave:
Ejercicio, Entrenamiento de Intervalos de Alta Intensidad, Heridas y Lesiones, Revisión.Resumen
CrossFit es un nuevo método de entrenamiento físico y ha ganado popularidad desde su creación. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el perfil de lesiones en practicantes de CrossFit a través de una revisión sistemática. La Declaración PRISMA fue utilizada para la preparación de esta revisión. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: CINAHL, SciELO, Science Direct, SCOPUS, LILACS, PEDro, PubMed, SPORTDiscus y Web of Science. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de los estudios, entre los cuales diez estudios fueron considerados elegibles. La prevalencia de lesiones en los practicantes de CrossFit tuvo una variación del 5 al 73,5%, y la tasa de lesiones de 1,94 a 3,1 lesiones a cada 1000 horas de entrenamiento. La región corporal más lesionada fueran los hombros, seguido por las espaldas y rodillas. En relación a los factores asociados a las lesiones, se destacan el tipo de ejercicio fue realizado y el tiempo de práctica del CrossFit. En relación al género, los hombres presentaron más lesiones. La edad no estuvo asociada a las lesiones. Se concluye que la región corporal más comúnmente acometida entre los practicantes de CrossFit fueron los hombros, en individuos masculinos y con lesiones previas, muchas veces obtenidas en otras modalidades. Además, el CrossFit puede ser practicado con seguridad por individuos de 18 a 69 años.Descargas
Referencias
Gillen JB, Gibala MJ. Is high-intensity interval training a
time-efficient exercise strategy to improve health and
fitness? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2013;39(3):409-12. doi:
1139/apnm-2013-0187
Skelly LE, Andrews PC, Gillen JB, Martin BJ, Percival ME,
Gibala MJ. High-intensity interval exercise induces 24-h
energy expenditure similar to traditional endurance exercise
despite reduced time commitment. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab.
;39(7):845-8. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0562.
Moran S, Booker H, Staines J, Williams S. Rates and risk
factors of injury in CrossFit: a prospective cohort study. J
Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(9):1147-53. doi: 10.23736/
S0022-4707.16.06827-4
Lichtenstein MB, Jensen TT. Exercise addiction in CrossFit:
Prevalence and psychometric properties of the Exercise
Addiction Inventory. Addict Behav Rep. 2016;3:33-7. doi:
1016/j.abrep.2016.02.002
Tibana RA, de Farias DL, Nascimento D, Da SilvaGrigoletto ME, Prestes J. Relação da força muscular com o
desempenho no levantamento olímpico em praticantes de
CrossFit®. Rev Andal Med Deporte 2018;11:84-8. doi: 10.1016/j.
ramd.2015.11.005
Sprey JW, Ferreira T, Lima MV, Duarte Jr A, Jorge PB,
Santili C. An epidemiological profile of CrossFit athletes in
Brazil. Orthop J Sports Med. 2016;4(8):2325967116663706.
doi: 10.1177/2325967116663706
Heinrich KM, Patel PM, O’Neal JL, Heinrich BS. Highintensity compared to moderate-intensity training for
exercise initiation, enjoyment, adherence, and intentions: an
intervention study. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):789. doi:
1186/1471-2458-14-789
Fisher J, Sales A, Carlson L, Steele J. A comparison of the
motivational factors between CrossFit participants and other
resistance exercise modalities: a pilot study. J Sports Med
Phys Fitness. 2016. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06434-3
Sibley BA, Bergman SM. What keeps athletes in the gym?
Goals, psychological needs, and motivation of CrossFit™
participants. Int J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2017:1-20. doi:
1080/1612197X.2017.1280835
Bergeron MF, Nindl BC, Deuster PA, Baumgartner N, Kane
SF, Kraemer WJ, et al. Consortium for Health and Military
Performance and American College of Sports Medicine
consensus paper on extreme conditioning programs in
military personnel. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2011;10(6):383-9.
doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e318237bf8a
Eather N, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR. Improving health-related
fitness in adolescents: the CrossFit teens™ randomised
controlled trial. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(3):209-23. doi:
1080/02640414.2015.1045925
Klimek C, Ashbeck C, Brook AJ, Durall C. Are injuries
more common with CrossFit training than other forms of
exercise? J Sport Rehabil. 2017;1-17. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2016-0040
Meyer J, Morrison J, Zuniga J. The benefits and risks of
CrossFit: a systematic review. Workplace Health Saf. 2017;
(12):612-618. doi: 10.1177/2165079916685568
Crivellaro J, Almeida RMVRD, Wenke R, Neves EB. Perfil
de lesões em pilotos de parapente no Brasil e seus fatores
de risco. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2017;23(4):270-3. doi:
1590/1517-869220172304172430
Hammami N, Hattabi S, Salhi A, Rezgui T, Oueslati M,
Bouassida A. Combat sport injuries profile: a review. Sci
Sports. 2017;33(2):73-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scispo.2017.04.014
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew
M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review
and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement.
Systematic Rev. 2015;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG, Gotzsche PC,
Mulrow CD, Pocock, SJ, et al. Strengthening the reporting
of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE):
explanation and elaboration. Epidemiology. 2007;18(6):805-
doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181577511
Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC,
Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The strengthening the reporting
of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE)
statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int
J Surgery, 12(12):1495-9. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39335.541782.AD
Mataratzis PSR, Accioly E, Padilha PC. Deficiências
de micronutrientes em crianças e adolescentes com
anemia falciforme: uma revisão sistemática. Rev Bras
Hematol Hemoter. 2010;32(3):247-256. doi: 10.1590/
S1516-84842010005000078
Grier T, Canham-Chervak M, McNulty V, Jones BH. Extreme
conditioning programs and injury risk in a US Army Brigade
Combat Team. US Army Med Dep J. 2013:36-47.
Hak PT, Hodzovic E, Hickey B. The nature and prevalence of
injury during CrossFit training. J Strength Cond Res. 2013.
doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000318
Weisenthal BM, Beck CA, Maloney MD, DeHaven KE,
Giordano BD. Injury rate and patterns among CrossFit
athletes. Orthop J Sports Med. 2014;2(4):2325967114531177.
doi: 10.1177/2325967114531177
Chachula LA, Cameron KL, Svoboda SJ. Association of
prior injury with the report of new injuries sustained during
CrossFit training. Athletic Training Sports Health Care.
;8(1):28-34. doi:10.3928/19425864-20151119-02
Huynh A, Leong KE, Jones N, Crump N, Russell D, Anderson M,
et al. Outcomes of exertional rhabdomyolysis following highintensity resistance training. Int Med J 2016;46(5):602-8. doi:
1111/imj.13055
Summitt RJ, Cotton RA, Kays AC, Slaven EJ. Shoulder injuries
in individuals who participate in CrossFit training. Sports
Health. 2016;8(6):541-6. doi: 10.1177/1941738116666073
Aune KT, Powers JM. Injuries in an extreme conditioning
program. Sports Health. 2017;9(1):52-8. doi:
1177/1941738116674895
Montalvo AM, Shaefer H, Rodriguez B, Li T, Epnere K, Myer
GD. Retrospective injury epidemiology and risk factors for
injury in CrossFit. J Sports Sci Med. 2017;16(1):53.
Korkia P, Tunstall-Pedoe D, Maffulli N. An epidemiological
investigation of training and injury patterns in British
triathletes. Br J Sports Med. 1994;28(3):191-6.
Seil R, Rupp S, Tempelhof S, Kohn D. Sports injuries in team
handball A one-year prospective study of sixteen men’s
senior teams of a superior nonprofessional level. Am J Sports
Med. 1998;26(5):681-7. doi: 10.1177/03635465980260051401
Kolt GS, Kirkby RJ. Epidemiology of injury in elite and
subelite female gymnasts: a comparison of retrospective and
prospective findings. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33(5):312-8
van Beijsterveldt AM, van de Port IG, Krist MR, Schmikli SL,
Stubbe JH, Frederiks JE, et al. Effectiveness of an injury
prevention programme for adult male amateur soccer
players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports
Med. 2012:1-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091277
Freitag A, Kirkwood G, Scharer S, Ofori-Asenso R, Pollock
AM. Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and
adolescents under 21 years. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49(8):511-
doi: /10.1136/bjsports-2014-093684
Videbaek S, Bueno AM, Nielsen RO, Rasmussen S. Incidence of
running-related injuries per 1000 h of running in different types
of runners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports
Med. 2015;45(7):1017-26. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0333-8
Woods C, Hawkins R, Hulse M, Hodson A. The Football
Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of
injuries in professional football: an analysis of ankle sprains.
Br J Sports Med. 2003;37(3):233-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.37.3.233
Kofotolis ND, Kellis E, Vlachopoulos SP. Ankle sprain
injuries and risk factors in amateur soccer players during a
-year period. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(3):458-66. doi:
1177/0363546506294857
Bahr R, Karlsen R, Lian O, Ovrebo RV. Incidence and
mechanisms of acute ankle inversion injuries in volleyball: a
retrospective cohort study. Am J Sports Med 1994;22(5):595-
doi: 10.1177/036354659402200505
Almeida Neto AFD, Tonin JP, Navega MT. Characterization of
sport injuries in the basketball. Fisioter Mov. 2013;26(2):361-8.
doi: 10.1590/S0103-51502013000200013
Hino AAF, Reis RS, Rodriguez-Añez CR, Fermino RC.
Prevalência de lesões em corredores de rua e fatores
associados. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2009;15(1):36-9. doi:
1590/S1517-86922009000100008
Manzato ALG, Camargo HP, Graças D, Martinez PF,
Oliveira Júnior SA. Lesões musculoesqueléticas em
praticantes de judô. Fisioter Pesqui. 24(2):127-34.
doi:10.1590/1809-2950/16325024022017.
Wang H, Cochrane T. Mobility impairment, muscle imbalance,
muscle weakness, scapular asymmetry and shoulder injury
in elite volleyball athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness.
;41(3):403.
Kibler BW, McMullen J. Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to
shoulder pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2003;11(2):142-51.
Kibler WB, Ludewig PM, McClure PW, Michener LA, Bak K,
Sciascia AD, et al. Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis
in shoulder injury: the 2013 consensus statement from the
‘Scapular Summit’. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47:877-885. doi:
1136/bjsports-2013-092425
Burkhart SS, Morgan CD, Kibler WB. The disabled throwing
shoulder: spectrum of pathology part II: evaluation and
treatment of SLAP lesions in throwers. Arthroscopy.
;19(5):531-9. doi: 10.1053/jars.2003.50139
Ludewig PM, Phadke V, Braman JP, Hassett DR, Cieminski
CJ, LaPrade RF. Motion of the shoulder complex during
multiplanar humeral elevation. J Bone Joint Surg.
;91(2):378-89. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.G.01483.
Gross ML, Brenner SL, Esformes I, Sonzogni JJ. Anterior
shoulder instability in weight lifters. Am J Sports Med.
;21(4):599-603. doi: 10.1177/036354659302100419
Rawson ES, Clarkson PM, Tarnopolsky MA. Perspectives
on Exertional Rhabdomyolysis. Sports Med. 2017:1-17. doi:
1007/s40279-017-0689-z.
Drew MK, Finch CF. The relationship between training load
and injury, illness and soreness: a systematic and literature
review. Sports Med. 2016;46(6):861-83. doi: 10.1007/
s40279-015-0459-8.
Halson SL. Monitoring training load to understand fatigue
in athletes. Sports Med. 2014;44(2):139-47. doi: 10.1007/
s40279-014-0253-z
Butragueño J, Benito PJ, Maffulli N. Injuries in strength
training: review and practical application. Eur J Sport Sci.
;32:29-47.
Bolt D, Giger R, Wirth S, Swanenburg J. Step Down TestAssessment of postural stability in patients with chronic
ankle instability. J Sport Rehabil. 2017;1-13. doi: 10.1123/
jsr.2017-0074
Coughlan G, Fullam K., Delahunt E, Gissane C, Caulfield B. A
comparison between performance on selected directions of
the star excursion balance test and the y balance test. J Athl
Train. 2012;366-71. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.4.0
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2018 Fisioterapia e Pesquisa
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
