Implementación del Protocolo de Tratamiento de la Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño en el Hospital Alemán Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Palabras clave:
Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño, Presión de las Vías Aéreas Positiva Contínua, Servicio de Fisioterapia en Hospital, Pacientes InternosResumen
La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) es un trastorno
respiratorio del sueño con una alta prevalencia asociada a
complicaciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas. La adherencia a
la terapia CPAP es fundamental para la eficacia del tratamiento y su
éxito. El diagnóstico suele ser en el período de hospitalización de los
pacientes, quienes no cuentan con un correcto apoyo u orientación
sobre los riesgos asociados a este trastorno y la importancia del
tratamiento. En este contexto, es muy relevante estandarizar un
protocolo de excelencia para el tratamiento de la AOS. El objetivo
principal de este estudio fue describir el protocolo implementado en
un hospital de atención terciaria. Por otro lado, el objetivo específico
fue identificar las características de los pacientes incluidos en
el protocolo. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo,
realizado mediante el análisis de las historias clínicas electrónicas
de los pacientes incluidos en el protocolo de tratamiento de la AOS,
el cual fue desarrollado por el grupo de fisioterapia del sueño para
aplicar a pacientes ingresados en un hospital de atención terciaria
en São Paulo durante cinco años. Durante el período de estudio se
analizaron 126 pacientes, de los cuales 108 recibieron seguimiento del
grupo de fisioterapia del sueño para delimitar su perfil. A partir de los
registros médicos analizados, la edad media de los pacientes fue de
73 años, con el 70% de hombres. La comorbilidad prevalente fue la
hipertensión arterial sistémica (80%), seguida de diabetes mellitus
(50%). En cuanto a CPAP, el 74% de ellos adhirió al tratamiento
durante la hospitalización.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Aline Nogueira Aielo, Darlene Yuri Yoshimori, Eliane Cristina Zacarias, Fernanda Evaristo Niyama, Elica Batista Alves, Silvia Fukuzaki
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
