Incontinencia urinaria y calidad de vida en mujeres con obesidad mórbida: un estudio observacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Palabras clave:
Salud de la Mujer, Incontinencia Urinaria, Obesidad Mórbida, Calidad de VidaResumen
Este estudio tuvo el objetivo principal de determinar la
prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria (IU) en mujeres con obesidad
mórbida. Los objetivos secundarios incluyeron evaluar la calidad
de vida de mujeres obesas con IU, así como comparar los niveles
de fuerza muscular del suelo pélvico y la discapacidad lumbar
entre mujeres con y sin IU. Se realizó un estudio observacional
transversal en el que se evaluaron 56 mujeres con obesidad de
grado 3. Se utilizó el International Consultation of Incontinence
Questionnaire-Short Form para detectar la presencia de IU, y el
King’s Health Questionnaire para evaluar la calidad de vida de las
mujeres que se consideraron incontinentes. Para evaluar la fuerza
muscular del suelo pélvico, se utilizó la escala PERFECT y se verificó
la discapacidad lumbar mediante el Oswestry Disability Index. La IU
fue prevalente en la población estudiada en el 57,1% (n=32), y la
muestra reveló bajos niveles de calidad de vida en los dominios
de “percepción general de salud” 51,5 (±22,8) e “impacto de la
incontinencia” 51 (±36,8). No hubo diferencia estadísticamente
significativa en los resultados de niveles de fuerza muscular del
suelo pélvico y discapacidad lumbar entre los grupos con o sin
incontinencia. Sin embargo, hubo diferencia estadísticamente
significativa entre la incidencia de partos vaginales en el subgrupo
con incontinencia (el 62,5%) en comparación con el subgrupo sin
incontinencia urinaria (el 25%) (p=0,005). La IU fue prevalente
en la mayoría de la población estudiada y la muestra reveló bajos
niveles de calidad de vida. En este estudio, el parto vaginal influyó
la incidencia de IU.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Lizyana Vieira, Renato Almeida
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
