Zoneamento bioclimático para o Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2179-0892.geousp.2025.230159Keywords:
ERA5, Climate Change, BioclimatologyAbstract
The impact of weather conditions on human experience can be assessed through bioclimatic indices that measure thermal comfort. This study adopted the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) to analyze the distribution of thermal stress categories across the entire Brazilian territory. From 1979 to 2020, the results present a first climatological norm for thermal comfort in Brazil. Increasing values were observed for extremes of discomfort in both cold and hot situations. Furthermore, there was a decrease in cold-related stress categories, while heat discomfort classes showed an increase. The results revealed a connection with ENSO events, highlighting that El Niño contributes to increased thermal discomfort due to heat, whereas La Niña is associated with thermal discomfort due to cold.
Downloads
References
ALVARES, C. José L.; STAPE, Paulo C.; SENTEHLAS, José L. M.; GONÇALVES, José L. M.; SPAROVEK, Gerd. Köppen’s Climate Classification Map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Stuttgart, v. 22, n. 6, p. 711-728, jan. 2014. ISSN 0941-2948/2013/0507.
APARECIDO, L.; LORENÇONE, P.; MENESES, K.; MORAES, J. Climate changes and their influences in water balance of Pantanal biome. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, jan. 2021. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03445-4.
ARTAXO, P. Mudanças climáticas e o Brasil. Revista USP, v. 103, p. 8-12, 2014.
ASHRAE. 2009 ASHRAE handbook - fundamentals. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 2009.
BRÖDE, P.; JENDRITZKY, G.; FIALA, D.; HAVENITH, G. The Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI in operational use. In: Proceedings of Conference: Adapting to Change: New Thinking on Comfort, Cumberland Lodge, Windsor, UK, 9-11 April 2010. 2010.
BRÖDE, Eduardo; KRÜGER, Peter; EMMANUEL, R.; FIALA, Dusan. Predicting outdoor thermal sensation from two field studies in Curitiba, Brazil and Glasgow, UK using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). Conference: 7th Windsor Conference 2012: The Changing Context of Comfort in an Unpredictable World. Windsor, UK, 2012.
CHANGNON, Stanley A.; PIELKE Jr, Roger A.; CHANGNON, David; SYLVES, Richard T.; PULWARTY, Roger. Human Factors Explain The Increased Losses from Weather and Climate Extremes. Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society, v. 8, n. 3, p. 437-442, 2000.
COSTA, J., PEREIRA, G., SIQUEIRA, M. E., CARDOZO, F., & SILVA, V. V. da. (2021). VALIDAÇÃO DOS DADOS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO ESTIMADOS PELO CHIRPS PARA O BRASIL. Revista Brasileira De Climatologia, 24. https://doi.org/10.5380/abclima.v24i0.60237
- DI, Z.; WU, J.; MU, Y.; DENG, M.; WEI, Y.; SUN, W. Spatial-Temporal Pattern Changes of UTCI in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Recent 40 Years. Atmosphere, p. 1-17, 13 de ago. 2020.
FLOSS, M.; BARROS, E. F. Estresse por Calor na Atenção Primária à Saúde: Uma Revisão Clínica. Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade, v. 15, n. 42, 2020.
GE, Q.; KONG, Q.; XI, J.; ZHENG, J. Application of UTCI in China from Tourism Perspective. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2017, p. 551-561.
GEIRINHAS, João L.; TRIGO, Ricardo M.; LIBONATI, Renata; CASTRO, Lucas C.O.; SOUSA, Pedro M.; COELHO, Caio A.S.; MAGALHÃES, Leonardo F. Peres; MAGALHÃES, Mônica de Avelar F.M. Characterizing the atmospheric conditions during the 2010 heatwave in Rio de Janeiro marked by excessive mortality rates, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 650, Part 1, 2019.
GOBO, J. P. A.; GALVANI, E.; WOLLMANN, C. A. Estudo de Zoneamento do Conforto Térmico Humano para o Rio Grande do Sul: A Inserção de Anos-Padrão Como Proposta Metodológica. Ciência e Natura, v. 37, n. 4, p. 451-470, set. 2015. ISSN 0100-8307.
GOMEZ, J. M. R.; CARLESSO, F. L. E.; VIEIRA, L.; SILVA, L. A Irradiância Solar: Conceitos Básicos. Revista Brasileira de Ensino Físico, v. 40, n. 3, 2018.
GOLIN, V.; SCHWARZWÄLDER SPROVIERI, Sandra Regina; BEDRIKOW, Rubens; PEREIRA, Afonso Celso; RAMOS MELHADO, Vânia Elizabeth; SALLES, Mauro José Costa; AZEVEDO, Paulo Roberto Cavallaro. Hipotermia acidental em um país tropical. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, v. 49, n. 3, 2003.
GOLDEN, J. S.; HARTZ, D.; BRAZEL, A.; LUBER, G.; PHELAN, P. A biometeorology study of climate and heat-related morbidity in Phoenix from 2001 to 2006. International Journal of Biometeorology, n. 52, p. 471-480, 2008.
HAVERINEN-SHAUGHNESSY, Ulla; SHAUGHNESSY, Richard; COLE, Gene; TOYINBO, Oluyemi; MOSCHANDREAS, Demetrios. An assessment of indoor environmental quality in schools and its association with health and performance. Building and Environment, 2015.
HÖPPE, P.R. Heat balance modelling. Experientia, v. 49, p. 741–746, 1993.
IFTIKHAR, I. H.; BITTENCOURT, L.; YOUNGSTEDT, SD.; AYAS, N.; CISTULLI, P.; SCHWAB, R.; DURKIN, MW.; MAGALANG, UJ. Comparative efficacy of CPAP, MADs, exercise-training, and dietary weight loss for sleep apnea: a network meta analysis. Sleep Medicine, fev. 2017.
JACONDINO, W. D.; NASCIMENTO, A. L. D. S.; NUNES, A. B.; CONRADO, H. Análise sinótica do mês de abril de 2018 na região Sul do Brasil:Episódio de calor extremo. Revista Brasileira de Climatologia, v. 25, p. 182-203, 2019.
JANTSCH, M.; AQUINO, F. Ocorrência e Distribuição Espacial de Ciclones Extratropicais na Região Sul do Brasil em 2018. Revista Eletrônica do Programa de Pós Graduação em Geografia UFRGS, abril 2020.
JENDRITZKY, G.; DEAR, R.; HAVENITH, G. UTCI - Why Another Thermal Index? International Journal of Biometeorology, v. 56, n. 3, p. 421-428, 2012.
MARENGO, J. A. O futuro clima do Brasil. Revista USP, v. 103, p. 25-32, 2014.
MARENGO, J. A.; VALVERDE, M. C. Caracterização do Clima no Século XX e Cenário de Mudanças de Clima para o Brasil no Século XXI Usando os Modelos do IPCC AR4. Revista Multiciência, v. 8, p. 5-28, 2007.
- MARQUES, J.; ALVES, M.; SILVEIRA, C. Fires Dynamics in The Pantanal: Impacts of Anthropogenic Activities and Climate Change. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021.
MCGEEHIN, M. A.; MIRABELLI, M. The potential impacts of climate variability and change on temperature-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 109, Suppl 2, p. 185-189, maio 2001.
MENDELL, M. J.; HEATH, G. A. Do indoor pollutants and thermal conditions in schools influence student performance? A critical review of the literature. Indoor Air, v. 15, n. 1, p. 27-52, fev. 2005.
MITCHELL, D.; HEAVISIDE, Clare; VARDOULAKIS, Sotiris; MASATO, Giacomo; GUILLOD, Benoit P.; BOWERY, Andy; WALLOM, David; ALLEN, Myles. Attributing Human Mortality During Extreme Heat Waves to Anthropogenic Climate Change. Environmental Research Letters, v. 11, n. 7, p. 074006, 2016.
NASTOS, P.T.; MATZARAKIS, A. Weather impacts on respiratory infections in Athens, Greece. International Journal of Biometeorology, v. 50, p. 358–369, 2006.
NELSON, C.; SPOLLEN, W. Physiologia Plantarum, 1987.
NICK, M.; NEDEL, A. S. Análise do Conforto Térmico Humano ao Longo do Verão na Cidade de Pelotas/RS e a Relação com Condições Meteorológicas Extremas. Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, v. 41, p. 211-222, fev. 2018. ISSN 0101-9759
NIE, Ting et al. Discussion on inapplicability of Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) for outdoor thermal comfort in cold region. Urban Climate, v. 46, p. 101304, 2022.
OKE, T. R. Boundary Layer Climates. London: Methuem & Ltd. A.Halsted Press Book, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1978, 372p.
PARSONS, Ken. Human Thermal Environments: The Effects of Hot, Moderate, and Cold Environments on Human Health, Comfort, and Performance, Third Edition. 2014.
REBOITA, M. Ciclones Extratropicais sobre o Atlântico Sul: Simulação Climática e Experimentos de Sensibilidade. São Paulo: Tese apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas da Universidade de São Paulo para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Meteorologia, 2008.
SELTENRICH, N. Between Extremes: Health Effects of Heat and Cold. Environmental Health Perspectives, nov. 2015.
SILVA, G.; LOPES, W.; LOPES, J. Influência da Vegetação no Conforto Ambiental. Revista da ANPEGE, p. 67-84, ago./dez. 2012.
STAIGER, Henning et al. Selection of Appropriate Thermal Indices for Applications in Human Biometeorological Studies. Atmosphere, v. 10, p. 1-15, 2019.
URBAN, Aleš. et al. Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis-based Universal Thermal Climate Index on mortality data in Europe. Environmental Research, 2021.
VINOGRADOVA, V. Универсальный Индекс Теплового Комфорта На Территории России. Теория И Социальные Функции Географии, p. 3-19, 2019.
Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Beagley J, Belesova K, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Capstick S, Chambers J, Coleman S, Dalin C, Daly M, Dasandi N, Dasgupta S, Davies M, Di Napoli C, Dominguez Salas P, Drummond P, Dubrow R, Ebi KL, Eckelman M, Ekins P, Escobar LE, Georgeson L, Golder S, Grace D, Graham H, Haggar P, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Hess J, Hsu SC, Hughes N, Jankin Mikhaylov S, Jimenez MP, Kelman I, Kennard H, Kiesewetter G, Kinney PL, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lampard P, Lemke B, Liu Y, Liu Z, Lott M, Lowe R, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, McGushin A, McMichael C, Milner J, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Munzert S, Murray KA, Neville T, Nilsson M, Sewe MO, Oreszczyn T, Otto M, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Quinn R, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rocklöv J, Romanello M, Semenza JC, Sherman J, Shi L, Springmann M, Tabatabaei M, Taylor J, Triñanes J, Shumake-Guillemot J, Vu B, Wilkinson P, Winning M, Gong P, Montgomery H, Costello A. The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises. Lancet. 2021 Jan 9;397(10269):129-170. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32290-X. Epub 2020 Dec 2. Erratum in: Lancet. 2020 Dec 14; PMID: 33278353.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Pereira, João Batista Ferreira Neto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors maintain copyright and grant the magazine the right to first publication, with the work with a license to use the CC-BY attribution, which allows to distribute, remix, adapt and create based on your work, provided that the due copyright, in the manner specified by CS.
- Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any time before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes, as well as increase the impact and citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
