Geografía global de la transición energética y la extracción minera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2179-0892.geousp.2026.224757Palabras clave:
Energía renovable, Minería, Impactos, Sur GlobalResumen
Los desafíos ambientales y los compromisos internacionales refuerzan la necesidad de la transición hacia fuentes de energía renovable, impulsada por la creciente viabilidad económica de las tecnologías eólica y solar. No obstante, esta transición enfrenta obstáculos relevantes: la menor densidad energética de estas fuentes, en comparación con los combustibles fósiles, exige instalaciones de mayor porte para alcanzar una potencia equivalente; además, las infraestructuras eólica y solar presentan una vida útil inferior a la de las centrales basadas en combustibles fósiles, lo que requiere reposiciones más frecuentes. Sumadas a las limitaciones actuales de los procesos de reciclaje, dichas reposiciones amplían la demanda de minerales – a menudo extraídos en países del Sur Global – y tienden a intensificar problemáticas sociales, ambientales y económicas asociadas a la minería en esos territorios. Con base en la recopilación y el análisis de datos provenientes de informes, artículos e investigaciones a escala global, este estudio examina la relación entre la expansión de las energías renovables y el incremento de la actividad minera, destacando las implicaciones de este proceso.
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Referencias
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