Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism of 2.0 Ga-Old sapphirine‑bearing granulite from the Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá Block, Bahia, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9095.v17-287Keywords:
Sapphirine-bearing granulite, Geothermobarometry, Palaeoproterozoic, Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá block.Abstract
The study area is located in the São Francisco Craton, in the southern part of the State of Bahia, Brazil. In this region, the Palaeoproterozoic Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá Block (ISCB) comprises supracrustal rocks associated with tonalite/trondhjemite and monzonite orthogneisses together with subordinate metamafic rocks of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic ages. All exposed rocks are strongly deformed and were re-equilibrated under granulite facies conditions at 2.07-2.08 Ga. The supracrustal rocks include a sapphirine-bearing granulite that contains sapphirine, quartz, orthopyroxene, sillimanite, garnet, mesoperthite, plagioclase, biotite and cordierite. Based on microstructural relations, the metamorphic peak paragenesis of the sapphirine‑bearing granulite is Grt1 + Opx1 + Bt1 + Qtz + Sil1 + Spr1 + Mp. Mineral reaction microstructures, such as symplectitic coronas around porphyroblasts, helped to identify the following retrograde parageneses, interpreted as formed during the tectonic rise of these rocks: Grt1 ± Qtz = Opx2 + Sil2, Grt1 = Opx2 + Spr2 (+ Sil2), Opx1 + Sil1 + Qtz = Crd and Grt1 + Qtz = Opx3+ Crd. In turn, Bt2 + Qtz symplectites formed by the reaction Opx1-2 + Mp + H2O = Bt2 + Qtz record the retrograde cooling path. Thermobarometry calculations were performed by means of the multiequilibria method (e.g. THERMOCALC) and classic thermobarometeres, which indicated P = 7-11 kbar and T 900 °C for the sapphirine-bearing granulite. One of the mechanisms associated with the ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism is the addition of radioactive material and the presence of basaltic magmas during the formation of ISBC. Fractional crystallization of basaltic magma produced tonalite intrusions, dated approximately 2.15-2.13 Ga, close to the metamorphic peak at 2.07-2.08 Ga.
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