Evaluation of the reduction of the visible plaque index and of the gum bleeding index in a program of oral health promotion for children

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the reduction of the VPI (visible plaque index) and of the GBI (gum bleeding index) in children seen at a unit of SUS, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A comparative and statistical procedure (t-test, by means of the GMC program) was employed in order to assess the variation between initial and final mean VPI and GBI values. Initial values were registered in the beginning of the assistance program, and final values were registered after the children had participated in health promotion activities, which included weekly supervised brushing sessions, individual dietary guidance, collective instructive activities in which parents were present, adjusting of the oral environment, as well as restorative and surgical dental care, during an average period of six months. The studied sample comprised fourty-two children, with an average age of nine years, who presented an average of four teeth affected by caries. The technique of indirect documentation, by means of documental research, was employed. The following results were obtained: initial VPI = 29%; final VPI = 11%; initial GBI = 13% and final GBI = 5%. The observed variations were statistically significant at the level of 1%, which was revealed by the applied statistical test. The program proved efficient as to plaque control, reducing VPI to a more acceptable level. Although GBI presented considerable reduction, the presence of bleeding at the end of the program calls for a better approach in motivating patients as to regular oral hygiene.