Towards a south american theory of nuclear development: Nuclear autonomy and regional security

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1676-6288.prolam.2025.227590

Keywords:

Autonomy, Nuclear Non-proliferation

Abstract

This article aims to discuss the development of nuclear technology in South America through theoretical lenses that more accurately reflect the observable experiences of the region. The nuclear programs of Brazil and Argentina are contextualized within a theory of ‘nuclear autonomy’, which is proposed here as an alternative to nuclear proliferation theories that are fundamentally focused on nuclear weapons and traditional international security approaches. It departs from a post-colonial and critical framework to challenge mainstream theories of nuclear proliferation and their applicability to the cases of Brazil and Argentina. The conclusions highlight the necessity of analyzing nuclear development in the region through lenses that prioritize discussions on economic development and autonomy rather than traditional security and proliferation of nuclear weapons. The widening of the concept of security as proposed by the School of Copenhagen and writings on autonomy by South American authors Helio Jaguaribe and Juan Carlos Puig serve as these lenses. Specialized literature on theories of nuclear proliferation, autonomy and the history of the nuclear programs of Brazil and Argentina was used to develop this work.

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Author Biographies

  • João Paulo Nicolini Gabriel, Federal University of Minas Gerais

    Ph.D. in Political Science at Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium). E-mail: joao.nicolini@uclouvain.be 

  • João Marcos Ferreira Pacheco, São Paulo State University

    PhD. Candidate in International Relations at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). E-mail: joao.m.pacheco@unesp.br 

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Published

2025-12-22

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Original Article

How to Cite

Gabriel, J. P. N., & Pacheco, J. M. F. (2025). Towards a south american theory of nuclear development: Nuclear autonomy and regional security. Brazilian Journal of Latin American Studies, 24(51), e-227590. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1676-6288.prolam.2025.227590