Sexual Diversity

Resumen

The changes in the field of sexuality during the 20th century are characterized by the influence of technology, progress in the area of Sociology, Teaching and the creation of psychoanalysis. Researches on sexual behavior represented a rupture with clinical sexology studies. The words sex and gender have been and still are used as synonyms, even though belonging to a certain sex means being a man or a woman biologically, whereas gender defines male and female from a behavioral and psychological point of view. On the other hand, gender behavior assumes different meanings in accordance with the culture in which it is inserted. The expression of sexuality, more than being expressed by means of a different biological heritage also constitutes a form of confirmation of social rules, which gives it an ideological character. Brain image techniques extended the knowledge about the male and female brains. Studies show that differences associated with sex happen at different levels of the nervous system, from genetics to behavior, resulting in different male and female brain organization dissociated from stereotypes. The legacy of such changes is unprecedented for the Western civilization. Perplexity, stigmatization, brain mapping and diagnosis classifications are still the most frequent answers to this whirlwind of sexual orientations, identities and preferences. This article proposes to debate the topic of sexual diversity, provoking a reflection on the sociocultural components against the evidences of biotechnology