Repensando a Romanização: a expansão romana na Itália a partir das fontes historiográficas

Autores

  • Rafael Scopacasa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9141.rh.2015.98758

Palavras-chave:

Romanização, historiografia romana, Itália republicana

Resumo

Entre os séculos IV e II a. C., Roma derrotou diversas comunidades na península italiana e confiscou suas terras, nas quais fundou um grande número de colônias. As fontes escritas nos informam sobre as guerras e batalhas travadas nesse período, mas dizem muito pouco sobre os acertos políticos, administrativos e socioeconômicos entre Roma e as comunidades italianas. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os tipos de contato e interações sociais que se estruturaram na Itália em decorrência da hegemonia romana, entre os séculos IV e II a. C., identificando os principais agentes históricos envolvidos nesse processo e os termos em que sua interação se deu. Serão feitas considerações sobre como um melhor conhecimento dessas interações sociais pode nos ajudar a compreender o impacto da expansão romana na Itália durante esse período, contribuíndo para um novo modelo interpretativo que ultrapassa o conceito tradicional de “romanização”.

Downloads

Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.

Referências

Fontes primárias

Apiano. Appian’s Roman history. Londres: Heinemann, 1912-1913.

CIL = Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum.

Diodoro Sículo. Diodorus of Sicily. Londres: Heinemann, 1933-1967.

Festus. Sexti Pompei Festi de verborum significatu quae supersunt. Hildesheim: Olms, 1965.

Florus. Epitome of Roman history. Londres: Heinemann, 1984.

Lívio. Livy ab urbe condita. Livros 1–10. Londres: Heinemann, 1919-1929.

Lívio. Livy ab urbe condita. Livros 23-30. Londres: Heinemann, 1940-1949.

Lívio. Livy ab urbe condita. Livros 31-39. Londres: Heinemann, 1935-1936.

Lívio. Livy ab urbe condita. Livros 40-45: summaries, fragments and obsequens. Londres: Heinemann, 1938-1959.

Políbio. [Polybius] Histories. Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010.

Estrabão. The geography of Strabo. Londres: Heinemann, 1917-1949.

Dionísio de Halicarnasso. The Roman antiquities of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Londres: Heineman, 1937-1950.

Veleio Patérculo. [Velleius Paterculus]. Compendium of Roman history. Londres: Heinemann, 1924.

Bibliografia

AFZELIUS, A. Die römische Eroberung Italiens (340-264 v. Chr.). Acta Jutlandica. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, vol. 14, 1942.

BADIAN, E. The early historians. In: DOREY, T. A. (org.). Latin historians. Londres: Routledge, 1966, p. 1-38.

BISPHAM, E. Coloniam deducere. How Roman was Roman colonization during the middle Republic? In: BRADLEY, G. J. & WILSON J.-P. (org.). Greek and Roman colonization. Origins, ideologies and interactions. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, 2006, p. 73-160.

BRADLEY, G. J. Ancient Umbria. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

BRADLEY, G. J. Colonization and identity in Republican Italy. In: BRADLEY, G. J. & WILSON J.-P. (org.). Greek and Roman colonization. Origins, ideologies and interactions. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, 2006, p. 161-87.

BRADLEY, G. J. & WILSON J.-P. (org.). Greek and Roman colonization. Origins, ideologies and interactions. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, 2006.

BROADHEAD, W. Migration and hegemony: fixity and mobility across the 2nd century. In: DE LIGT, L. & NORTHWOOD, S. (org.). People, land, and politics. Demographic developments and the transformation of Roman Italy, 300 BC-AD 14. Leiden: Brill, 2008, p. 451-70.

BRUNT, P. A. The enfranchisement of the sabines. In: BIBAUW, J. (org.). Hommages a M. Renard II. Bruxelas: Latomus, 1969, p. 121-9.

BUCHER, G. S. The origins, program and composition of Appian’s Roman history. Transactions of the American Philological Association. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, vol. 130, 2000, p. 411-58.

BURKE, P. History as social memory. In: BUTLER, T. (org.). Memory, history, culture and the mind. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989, p. 97-113.

BURTON, P. Friendship and empire. Roman diplomacy and imperialism in the middle Republic (353-146 BC). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

CANTARELLI, F. Cattura di un “fantasma topografico”: identificazione storico topografica della colonia romana di diritto latino in Thurinum agrum (Liv. XXXIV 53, 1-2; XXXV 9, 7-8). In: PERRONE, V. & CANTARELLI, F. (org.). Evoluzione del sistema viario antico tra il Pollino e la piana di Castrovillari. Castrovillari: Edizioni Il Coscile, 1996, p. 89-102.

CHAPLIN, J. D. Livy’s exemplary history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

COLES, A. J. Not effigies parvae populi romani. Gods, agency and landscape in mid-republican colonization. Tese de doutorado, University of Pennsylvania, 2009.

COLONNA, G. Un aspetto oscuro del Lazio antico. Le tombe del VI-V sec. a. C. La Parola del Passato. Nápoles: Gaetano Macchiaroli Editore, vol. 32, 1977, p. 131-65.

CORNELL, T. J. The beginnings of Rome. Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic wars (c.1000-264 BC). Londres: Routledge, 1995.

CORNELL, T. J. The city of Rome in the middle Republic (400-100 BC). In: COULTSON, J. & DODGE, H. (org.). Ancient Rome. The archaeology of the eternal city. Oxford: Oxford University School of Archaeology, 2000, p. 42-60.

DODGE, H. Deconstructing the Samnite wars: an essay in historiograph. In: JONES, H. (org.). Samnium: settlement and cultural change. Providence RI: Centre for Old World Archaeology and Art, Brown University, 2004, p. 115-131.

CRAWFORD, M. H. Coinage and money under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean economy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.

DENCH, E. From Barbarians to new men. Greek, Roman and modern perceptions of the Central Appenines. Oxford: Clarendon, 1995.

DRUMMOND, A. Rome in the fifth century I: the social and economic framework. In: WALBANK, F. W.; ASTIN, A. E.; FREDERIKSEN, M. W.; OGILVIE, R. M. (org.). The Cambridge ancient history, vol. VII. Part 2: the Rise of Rome to 200 BC. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 113-171.

ECKSTEIN, A. Mediterranean anarchy, interstate war and the rise of Rome. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.

FARNEY, G. Ethnic identity and aristocratic competition in republican Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

FELDHERR, A. Spectacle and society in Livy’s history. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.

FLEMING, M. I. A. (org.). I Simpósio do Laboratório de Arqueologia Romana Provincial: Representações da romanização no mundo provincial romano. Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia. Suplemento n. 18. São Paulo: Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 2013.

FORSYTHE, G. A critical history of early Rome. From Prehistory to the first Punic war. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.

FREDERIKSEN, M. Campania. Roma: The British School at Rome, 1984.

FRONDA, M. Between Rome and Carthage. Southern Italy during the second Punic war. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

GEARY, P. J. Phantoms of remembrance: memory and oblivion at the end of the first millennium. Princeton: Princenton University Press, 1994.

GOWING, A. Empire and memory: the representation of the Roman republic in imperial culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

GRUEN, E. The Hellenistic world and the coming of Rome. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.

HODOS, T. Local and global perspectives in the study of social and cultural identities. In: HODOS, T. & HALES, S. (org.). Material culture and social identities in the ancient world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 3-31.

HOPKINS, K. Conquerors and slaves. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.

HORDEN, P. & PURCELL, N. The corrupting sea. A study of Mediterranean history. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.

HUMBERT, M. Municipium et civitas sine suffragio: l’organisation de la conquête jusqu’à la guerre sociale. Roma: École Française de Rome, 1978.

ISAYEV, E. Inside ancient Lucania. Dialogues in History and Archaeology. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies. Supplement 90. Londres: Institute of Classical Studies, 2007.

ISAYEV, E. Pausing motion. Human mobility and place, relational paradigms from Ancient Italy (em preparação).

JONES, S. The archaeology of ethnicity: constructing identities in the past and present. Londres: Routledge, 1997.

KEPPIE, L. The making of the Roman army, from Republic to Empire. Londres: B. T. Batsford, 1984.

KRAUS, C. S. & WOODMAN, A. J. Latin historians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

LEVENE, D. S. Livy on the Hannibalic war. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

LLOYD, J. A. Pentri, Frentani and the beginnings of urbanisation (500-80 BC). In: BARKER, G. (org.). A Mediterranean valley: landscape archaeology and Annalles history in the Biferno valley. Leicester: Leicester University press, 1995, p. 181-212.

MATTINGLY, D. J. Being Roman: expressing identity in a provincial setting. Journal of Roman Archaeology. Portsmouth RI: The Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2004, vol. 17, p. 5–25.

MATTINGLY, D. J. Imperialism, power and identity. Experiencing the Roman empire. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011.

MOURITSEN, H. The civitas sine suffragio: ancient concepts and modern ideology. Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. Wiesbaden: F. Steiner Verlag, 2007, vol. 56, fasc. 2, p. 141-58.

OAKLEY, S. P. A commentary on Livy. Livros VI–X (4 vols.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997-2005.

PATTERSON, J. R. Colonization and historiography: the Roman Republic. In: BRADLEY, G. J. & WILSON J.-P. (org.). Greek and Roman colonization. Origins, ideologies and interactions. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, 2006, p. 189-218.

PELGROM, J. Settlement organization and land distribution in Latin colonies before the second Punic war. In: DE LIGT, L. & NORTHWOOD, S. (org.). People, land, and politics. Demographic developments and the transformation of Roman Italy, 300 BC-AD 14. Leiden: Brill, 2008, p. 333-72.

PELGROM, J. Colonial landscapes. Demography, settlement organization and impact of colonies founded by Rome (4th-2nd centuries BC). Tese de doutorado, University of Leiden, 2012.

PITTS, M. E. J. Globalising the local in Roman Britain: an anthropological approach to social change. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. Elsevier, 2008, vol. 27, fasc.4, p. 493-506.

PITTS, M. E. J. & VERSLUYS, M. J. (org.). Globalisation and the Roman world: world history, connectivity, and material culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

RIDLEY, R. T. Falsi triumphi, plures consulatus. Hermes 42, 1983, p. 372–82.

ROSELAAR, S. T. Public land in the Roman republic. A social and economic history of ager publicus in Italy, 396-89 BC. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

ROSELAAR, S. T. Colonies and processes of integration in the Roman republic. Mélanges de l’École Française de Rome – Antiquité. Roma: École Française de Rome, 2011, vol. 123, p. 527-55.

ROSELAAR, S. T. (org.). Processes of integration and identity formation in the Roman Republic. Leiden: Brill, 2012.

SALMON, E. T. Roman colonization under the Republic. Londres: Thames and Hudson, 1969.

SCOPACASA, R. Essere Samnita. Rappesentazioni di uno popolo Italico nelle fonti letterarie e storiografiche antiche. Campobasso: Istituto Regionale per gli Studi Storici del Molise, 2007.

SHERWIN-WHITE, A. N. The Roman citizenship. Oxford: Clarendon, 1973.

SPADEA, R. Tra Jonio e Tirreno: Terina, Crotone, Petelia. Convegno di studi sulla Magna Grecia. Taranto: Istituto per la storia e l’archeologia della Magna Grecia, 2004, vol. 44, p. 505-543.

TAYLOR, L. R. The voting districts of the Roman republic: the thirty-five urban and rural tribes. Roma: American Academy in Rome, 1960.

TERRENATO, N. Tam firmum municipium: The Romanization of Volaterrae and its cultural implications. Journal of Roman Studies. Londres: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, 1998, vol. 88, p. 94–114.

TERRENATO, N. A tale of three cities. In: KEAY, S. & TERRENATO, N. (org.). Italy and the West. Comparative issues in romanization. Oxford: Oxbow, 2001, p. 54-67.

TERRENATO, N. The clans and the peasants. Reflections on social structure and change in Hellenistic central Italy. In: VAN DOMMELEN, P. & TERRENATO, N. (org.). Articulating local cultures. Power and identity under the expanding Roman Republic. Portsmouth RI: The Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2007, p. 13-22.

TORELLI, M. Tota Italia. Essays in the cultural formation of Roman Italy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

TOYNBEE, A. J. Hannibal’s legacy. The Hannibalic war’s effects on Roman life. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965.

WALLACE-HADRILL, A. Rome’s cultural revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

WISEMAN, T. P. Clio’s cosmetics: three studies in Greco-Roman literature. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1979.

WOOLF, G. Becoming Roman. The origins of provincial civilization in Gaul. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

WOOLF, G. Tales of the Barbarians. Ethnography and Empire in the Roman West. Malden MA: Blackwell, 2011.

Downloads

Publicado

2015-06-30

Edição

Seção

Artigos

Como Citar

SCOPACASA, Rafael. Repensando a Romanização: a expansão romana na Itália a partir das fontes historiográficas. Revista de História, São Paulo, n. 172, p. 113–161, 2015. DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9141.rh.2015.98758. Disponível em: https://revistas.usp.br/revhistoria/article/view/98758.. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.